111 States of Matter Kinetic Molecular Theory 117 Pressure States of Matter T hree common states of matter Solid Liquid G as Differences between states can be explained by considering the ID: 480502
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Introduction to Gasses" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Introduction to Gasses
11.1 States of Matter Kinetic Molecular Theory 11.7 PressureSlide2
States of Matter
Three common states of matterSolidLiquidGasDifferences between states can be explained by considering the forces of attraction between entities (intermolecular forces)Solids > Liquids > GasesSlide3
States of Matter
SolidsDefinite shape and volumeDifficult to compressDo not flow
Gasses
Take shape and volume of container
Highly compressible
Flow readily
Liquids
Take shape of container
Definite volume
Slightly compressible
Flow readilySlide4
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Based on the principal that all particles are in constant motion and that moving have kinetic energy The more an entity moves, the greater its kinetic energyAs entities move, they collide with each other and other objectsSlide5
Types of Motion
There are 3 types of motionTranslational: movement through space along a straight lineRotational: spinning of an entityVibrational: back and forth vibrationSlide6
Types of Motion
Strong attractions limit motion.
Solids
Strong attractive forces
Very ordered
Vibrational motion only
Liquids
Intermediate forcesLess orderedAll 3 forms of motion
Gasses
Weakest forces
Least order
All 3 forms of motion with translational being the most significantSlide7
Temperature
When a substance is warmed, it’s entities move more rapidly, this increases the kinetic energy of the entities within a substanceTemperature is a measurement of the average kinetic energy within a substanceExample: Adding energy to a solidAs energy is transferred to a solid, particles vibrate faster. Eventually, attractive forces are broken, allowing particles to flow past
each
other. As a result, a change in
state may occur turning it into a liquid.Slide8
Pressure
A physical property of a gasPressure is the force per unit of area or P=F/A.Proportional to force, inversely proportional to areaUnits: Pascals, Pa (1Pa = 1N/m2)Example: Application of 100N to an area of 1m2 (100Pa) would have greater pressure than the same amount of force applied to 100m2
(1Pa)Slide9
Atmospheric Pressure
The force per unit area exerted by air on all objectsStandard Temperature and Pressure (STP): 1atm or 101.325 kPa and 0oC.Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure (SATP): 100 kPa and 25 °
CSlide10
Units of Pressure
Example: The average atmospheric pressure on Mars is 0.60 kPa. What is this value in mm Hg?Slide11
Homework
Read Section 11.7
Questions
p. 143 #1
p. 146 #1