PPT-CHAPTER 13 – GASES 6A-1 (of 34)

PRESSURE Force per unit area Due to the constant bombardment of the inside walls of the container by the gas molecules STANDARD PRESSURE 7600 mm Hg 7600 torr 1000 atm 6A2 Atmospheric pressure is measured with a BAROMETER. P. V. . =. . n. R. T. P. . = pressure in . atm. V. = volume in liters. n. = moles. R. = proportionality constant. . = 0.08206 L . atm. / . mol. ·. K. T. = temperature in . Kelvins. . Holds closely at . air pollution. emissions. photochemical smog. ozone. acid rain. ozone layer. chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). greenhouse effect. global warming. drought. water pollution. sewage. pesticides. fertilizers. scrubber. By the end of the lesson you should know. The names of the states of matter. That matter is made of particles. How the particles are arranged in solids liquids . and gases. The names of the changes of state. Aziz AlSa’ad-Nasser Alabduljaleel-Abdulkareem AbuTaleb-Aziz AlOthman . 1.3 Vocabulary . Ultraviolet radiation:. rays of light that cannot be seen and that are a little bit shorter than the rays of violet light. The Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter. Gases. Behavior of Atoms. Kinetic-molecular theory. .  . based on the idea that particles of matter are always in motion. Can be used to explain the properties of solids, liquids, and gases in terms of the energy of the atoms and the forces that act between them. Partial Pressure, . Gases in Chemical . Reactions . & KMT. Partial Pressures of Gases in Mixtures. Each gas, in a mixture of gases. , exerts . a specific amount of pressure. This pressure can be calculated using the ideal gas law:. 2. Gas Laws. We will examine the quantitative relationships, or . empirical laws. , governing gases. . Basically, we will learn about equations that are available to calculate P, V, T, & n for gases. . The SI unit of pressure is the . pascal. (Pa).. . One . standard atmosphere (. atm. ). is the pressure required to support 760 mm of mercury in a mercury barometer at 25°C. . 13.1. 13.1. 13.1. 13.1. Chapter 7 Gases , Liquids, & Solids Appearance by Intermolecular Forces The Nature of Gases Indefinite shape and indefinite volume expand to fill their containers compressible Fluid – they flow Transport Solutions for Gases Non-flammablecryogenic gasesFlammable 2. CHAPTER OUTLINE. Properties of Gases. Pressure & Its Measurement. The Gas Laws. Vapor Pressure & Boiling Point. Combined Gas Law. Avogadro’s Law. STP & Molar Volume. Ideal Gas Law. Partial Pressures. As per BS 6164 in 15.6 section. The hazardous nature of gaseous contaminants in the tunnel atmosphere should be taken into account, as some are toxic, flammable/potentially explosive, radioactive or asphyxiant. It should be recognized that some contaminants display a combination of toxic and potentially explosive properties. It should also be recognized that the monitoring and control of such gases in a tunnel atmosphere can be difficult because the concentrations rarely remain constant throughout a working day.. 3. He, . 22. Ne, . 36. Ar, . 130. Xe): isotopes not produced on Earth through radioactive decay . Radiogenic noble gases: produced from radioactive decay (. 4. He, . 40. Ar, . 136. Xe) or through nuclear reactions (. A strong attraction to each other and a large volume . A strong attraction to each other and no volume . A weak attraction to each other and a large volume . A weak attraction to each other and no volume .