stabilization in European and East Asian contexts Increasing premarital cohabitation rates and the case of ruralurban migrants Barbara E Fulda 13 th July 2016 Research Interest ID: 531937
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Partnership stabilization in European and East Asian contexts: Increasing pre-marital cohabitation rates and the case of rural-urban migrants Barbara E. Fulda13th July 2016Slide2
Research InterestCountries are at different stages of acceptance, adoption, and interpretation of pre-marital cohabitationPre-marital cohabitation is A recent social phenomenon in ChinaWidely practiced in many European countries – to different degreesResearch Interest Group of cohabiters before first marriageChina: Why do individuals cohabit before they get married?Germany: Why do cohabiting couples still get married?Extra: Does increasing intra-national migration relate to increasing rates of pre-marital cohabitation?Slide3
Data and methodCountryData Sets
Details
DE
Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics (
pairfam)
Age 15-35, Birth Cohorts: 1971-1973, 1981-83, 1991-936 waves (2008/09-2013/14), annuallyN= 2.615 (1.105 individuals cohabited)CNChinese Family Panel Studies (CFPS)Age: 15-35, Birth Cohorts: 1975-19942 waves (2010, 2012), bienniallyN= 5.331 (1.338 individuals cohabited)
Sample:
Married individuals (1
st
marriage) who cohabited or did not cohabit with their spouse
Method:
Logistic regression
DV: Cohabited prior to first marriage (1) vs. direct marriage (0)Slide4
DescriptivesChinaGermanyMalesFemales
Males
Females
Cohabited
prior to first marriage27244243Urban living49464357Tertiary education554545Father tertiary educational level113228Percentages (rounded), 15 to 35 year olds, Sources: CFPS 2010; pairfam waves 1-6, sampling weightsSlide5
Rural-urban migration in ChinaA driver of increasing premarital cohabitation?Among 120 million intra-national migrants, 40% are aged between 20-24(Hong et al. 2006)5.44 % of all men and 7.46 % of all women in the sample moved from a rural to an urban region (CFPS 2010, Age: 15-35)Rural-urban migration is expected to increasePre-marital cohabitation among migrants is very common
(Hong et al. 2006)
Definition Migrant:
Agricultural
hukou
status, but living in urban region at time of interviewSlide6
Rural-urban migration in GermanyUnique in its extent within EuropeDifficult economic situation in East-Germany, especially in rural regionsHighly-educated East-German women from rural areas move to West-German citiesLeaving behind men with low educational levelsDefinition migrant: Born in East Germany but living in West Germany at time of last interview (wave 6)
East-German migrants -> 17% of sampleSlide7
Migrants vs. Non-Migrants in China: DescriptivesMigrant
Non-Migrant
Cohabited
30.65 %
23.48 %
Age at first marriage (mean)22.9122.77Tertiary education (attained)5.65 %14.76 %
Father
secondary
education
40.38 %
43.69%
Annual
income
(% in 4th quantile)25.51%21.52%Male39.49%42.15%
Percentages
(
rounded
), 15
to
35
year
olds
,
Source: CFPS 2010Slide8
Migrants vs. Non-Migrants in Germany: DescriptivesMigrant
Non-Migrant
Cohabited
50%
44%
Age at first marriage2727Tertiary education (attained)41%45%Father secondary
education
64%
62%
Annual
income
(% in 4th
quantile
)
18%24%Male38%39%Percentages (rounded), 15 to 35 year olds,
Source:
pairfam
waves
1 -6Slide9
Results and HypothesesChinaHypothesesResults
Germany
Hypotheses
Results
Men
++Men*Education+Education+++Father‘seducational levelSecondary educationTertiary education++++
+
+
Ethnicity
-
-
-
-
Urban
context
++++Age--
-
-
Migrant
+
+Slide10
DiscussionWhy migrant status not significant?Other factors matterLiving in an urban context, (father‘s) educational levelSmall sample size of migrant
groups
Significance
of studyParallels between intra-national migration and cohabitation behaviorin both countriesSlide11
Thank you!Any comments or questions?Slide12
Case Selection: Institutional FeaturesChinaGermanyPatrilineal kinship system
Bi-lineal kinship system
Filial piety
Individual
decisions on intimate relationshipsMarriage is nearly universalMajority of the population gets marriedSlide13
LiteratureHong, Y., Stanton, B., Li, X., Yang, H., Lin, D., Fang, X., Wang, Jing and Mao, R. (2006). Rural-to-urban migrants and the HIV epidemic in China. AIDS and Behavior, 10(4), 421–430. Leibert, Tim (2016) She leaves, he stays? Sex-selective migration in rural East Germany. Journal of Rural Studies, 43, 267-279Zhang, K., Li, D., Li, H., & Beck, E. J. (1999). Changing sexual attitudes and behaviour in China: implications for the spread
of
HIV
and
other sexually transmitted diseases. AIDS Care, 11(5), 581–9.Slide14
Prevalence of pre-marital cohabitation in GermanySlide15Slide16