Before the waves are made the particles are same distance apart While waves moves through the medium the particles compress together then they spread further apart stretched areas rarefaction ID: 780207
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Slide1
Waves-Chapter 4
Slide2Longitudinal Waves
Before the waves are made the particles are same distance apart. While waves moves through the medium the particles
compress
together, then they spread further apart (stretched areas)- rarefaction.
Sound wave generated by a tuning fork
Slide3Vibrations and Mechanical Waves
One wave per vibration. Vibrations create waves.
Vibration stops- waves keep moving.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FA5_5oXeQhU
Slide4Types of Mechanical Waves
Sound
Water
Seismic
Slide5What’s a wave?
Wave
: a rhythmic disturbance that transfers energy through matter or space
Two general types of waves:Mechanical wavesElectromagnetic waves
Slide6Mechanical Waves
Require matter to travel through
The matter the mechanical wave travels through is called a
MEDIUMExamples of a medium that a mechanical wave can travel through: sound waves, earthquake waves, water wavesCan be transverse or longitudinal
Longitudinal WaveTransverse Wave
Slide7Sound Waves
Longitudinal waves (travel in solid, liquids and gases)
Made of series of compressions and rarefactions
Sound is produced when something vibrates. The vibrating body causes the medium (water, air, etc.) around it to vibrate.
water WavesSeismic Waves
Combination of transverse and longitudinal waves Wind produces by pushing on the surface of water
Waves in the Earth, cause earthquakes
Both longitudinal and transverse.
Movement along the Earth’s upper layers along a fault.
Produces seismic waves
Slide8Sound Waves
water Waves
Seismic Waves
Slide9Mechanical Waves
Two types of mechanical waves:
Transverse
: matter moves in the medium at right angles to the direction that the wave is travellingExamples: water waves, S-type earthquake waves
Longitudinal: vibration is parallel to the direction of motion of the wave; back and forth motion; also called compressional wavesExamples: sound waves, P-type earthquake waves
Slide10Transverse Waves
Crest: highest point of a transverse wave
Trough: lowest point of a transverse wave
Amplitude: the amount of energy carried by a wave; corresponds to the height of a transverse waveWavelength: the distance between two identical points on a wave
Slide11Longitudinal/Compressional Waves
Rarefaction: expanded portion of the wave; particles are spread apart
Compression: compressed (squeezed) portion of the wave; particles are pushed together
Wavelength: the distance between two identical points on a waveAmplitude: the amount of energy carried by a wave; corresponds to the amount of compression in a longitudinal wave
Slide12Electromagnetic Waves
Do not require a medium
through which to travel (means they can travel through a vacuum such as space)
Examples: radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves (heat), light waves, UV rays, X-rays, gamma raysAre transverse waves
Slide13Slide14Slide15Amplitude- amount of energy carried by a wave
Low Amplitude
Medium Amplitude
High Amplitude
Slide16Wavelength- distance between two identical points on a wave
Short Wavelength
Long Wavelength
Slide17Relationship between amplitude, wavelength, frequency, and energy
HIGH AMPLITUDE = HIGH ENERGY
LOW AMPLITUDE = LOW ENERGY
LONG WAVELENGTH = LOW FREQUENCY = LOW ENERGY
SHORT WAVELENGTH = HIGH FREQUENCY = HIGH ENERGY
Slide18