17901860 Nationalism Ongoing Impact of the American Revolution French Revolution 1789 Haitian Revolution 17911804 Latin American Revolutions 1820s Regional Identities American Sectionalism ID: 647171
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Slide1
Antebellum America
APUSH Unit 5
1790-1860Slide2
Nationalism?
Ongoing Impact of the
American Revolution
French Revolution, 1789Haitian Revolution, 1791-1804Latin American Revolutions, 1820sRegional Identities American SectionalismNorth … South … WestHartford Convention, 1814Expansion of Slavery
3.2-IIIC; 4.1-IIB; 4.3-IIA; 4.3-IIIASlide3
A National Republican Culture
Revolutionary Ideals
individual talent > hereditary privilege
Ongoing global revolutionFrance … Haiti … Latin America
“republican motherhood”Enlightenment ideas
women in the Revolution
women’s appeals for expanded roles in society
Awareness of inequalities
greater political democracy
calls for abolition of slaverySlide4
A National Republican Culture?
Slavery
In the Declaration?
In the Constitution?
End of Atlantic Slave Trade, 1808
Expansion into the Southwest
Emancipation Plans
Northern Emancipation
Gradual Emancipation & Manumission
American Colonization Society, 1817
Acquisition of Western LandsMissouri Compromise, 1820
3.2-IIIC; 4.1-IIB; 4.3-IIA; 4.3-IIIASlide5
Market Revolution
Social Results of Industrialization
Division of labor
Social stratificationMiddle classWorking class
Changes in family rolesEntrepreneurship
Regional Specialization
Northeast – South – West
Political implications?Slide6
Technology & Industrial Revolution
Cotton and the South
Samuel Slater & the Factory System (1791)
Eli Whitney & the cotton gin (1793)Industrial Inventions
Eli Whitney & interchangeable parts
Elias Howe & Isaac Singer
Samuel F.B. Morse
Workers & “wage slaves”
Textile mill girls (Lowell, MA)
Unions
Low-skill male workers (immigrants)
Slaves ginning cotton
(Library of Congress)Slide7
Transportation Revolution
Roads
Lancaster Turnpike (1790s)
Cumberland (National) Road
Steamboats
Fulton’s
Clermont
(1807)
Canals
DeWitt Clinton &
The Erie Canal (1825)
Railroads (1840s)
federal land grantsSlide8
Immigration and Urbanization
Population Growth
Urban life
Immigration
Irish
Potato famine (mid-1840s)
German
Xenophobia
Nativism
American (“Know-Nothing”) Party (est. 1849)Slide9
The End of Homespun
A – Patents
F – Technology: Whitney’s interchangeable
parts; Slater’s cotton mill; Evans’ steam engine
B – State
Gov’t Investment,
Erie Canal, schools
G – Population
& Immigration incr.
C – NE Farm
Factory
(jobs & school)
H –
Fed’l
Courts:
federal supremacy & honoring of contracts
D –
Clay’s American System;
Tariff of 1816
I – Embargo of 1807
; War of 1812
Fed’l
Gov’t
investment
E – Canals (E-W)
J – Bank of the
U.S.Slide10
American Optimism & Reform Impulses
Alexis de Tocqueville: 5 Values
Liberty, egalitarianism, individualism,
populism & laissez-faireAmerica as “City Upon a Hill”
Romanticism Art & Literature
Transcendentalism
Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)
“The American Scholar” (1837)
Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862)
“On Civil Disobedience”
Dark Side of ReformSlide11
Reform in Education
Horace Mann (MA)
free common schools
normal school systemMoral EducationMcGuffey ReadersSlide12
Reform in Religion
Second Great Awakening
“Burned-over” district in New York
Denominational DiversityMillennialism
William Miller &
Millerites
“The Great Disappointment”
Methodists & Baptists
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Mormons)
Joseph Smith (1830)Brigham Young & New Zion (1846-47)Slide13
Humanitarian Reform
Public Asylums
Dorothea Dix
Mental Hospitals Penitentiaries
TemperanceAmerican Temperance
Society (est. 1826)
Barroom Dancing
by John Lewis Krimmel, 1820
(Library of Congress)
Temperance pledge
(Library of Congress)Slide14
Humanitarian Reform
Other Reforms
American Peace Society
Sylvester Graham & Amelia BloomerUtopian MovementsNew Harmony, IN (1825)
Robert Owen
Brook Farm, MA (1841)
George Ripley
Oneida, NY (1848)
John Humphrey NoyesSlide15
The Age of Jackson
Tariffs
Tariffs of 1828 & 1832
Nullification & John C. Calhoun Force Bill (1833)Compromise Tariff of 1833
H. Clay
Avoiding the Slave Issue
Antislavery literature ban
Texas Statehood
Congressional “gag” ruleSlide16
Architecture
Painting
Gilbert Stuart
John TrumbullHudson River School George Caleb BinghamThomas Cole & Frederick Church
The Arts
George Caleb Bingham,
Raftsmen Playing Cards
(1847)Slide17
Thomas Cole’s American Lake SceneSlide18
Thomas Cole’s Subsiding of the Waters of the DelugeSlide19
Thomas Cole’s LandscapeSlide20
Samuel Coleman’s Storm King on the Hudson