According to BF Skinner human behavior is controlled primarily by Define spontaneous recovery Please write the question amp answer it Please turn in your test corrections from yesterday ID: 583722
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Slide1
AP Psych DMA
According to B.F. Skinner, human behavior is controlled primarily by….
Define spontaneous recovery.
Please write the question & answer it
Please turn in your test corrections (from yesterday)Slide2
Today’s Agenda
DMA
Turn in test corrections
Progress towards AP ExamBehavior modification experimentChap. 8Homework:Chap. 8 notes due Thursday, Oct. 27thChap. 8 test – Thursday, Oct. 27thFRQs # 1 & 2 due Friday, Oct. 21stFRQ #3 due Monday, Oct. 24thSlide3
Progress towards AP Exam
Topic/Chapter
% of AP Exam
History & Approaches2-4%Research Methods8-10%Biological Bases of Behavior8-10%States of Consciousness2-4%
Memory/Cognition
8-10%
Learning7-9%
Total thus far…35-47% of the info covered in classSlide4
Behavior Modification ExperimentSlide5
Ivan Petrovich Pavlov
Classical ConditioningSlide6
Everyone needs one of the cups
Every time Wheeler says “Pavlov” you must –
Lick your finger
Stick it in the powderLick the powder off your finger (yummy)Slide7
Pavlov was NOT a Psychologist
Nope – he was a prominent physiologist studying digestive processes.
He was awarded the Nobel Prize for science for his research on digestion.
Side note – in the 1800s Psych was not considered a “real” science so it was a great risk Pavlov took when he chose to pursue the experiment we are about to discuss.Slide8
Pavlov was working with dog spit
Specifically he was looking at the role of salivation on digestion.
He measured the amount of saliva produced in reaction to certain substances
one type of food vs. another; food vs. nonfood, etc.To gather the saliva scientifically, the dogs underwent a minor surgical procedure.Slide9
Reflex
The production of saliva under these varying conditions was regarded by Pavlov as reflex
a response that occurs automatically.Slide10
But just how smart is this reflex?
Pavlov noticed that the reflex happened without the food even being present…
heck without it even being around for the dog to smell.
The dogs would salivate just looking at their bowl, the person who usually brought the food inor at the sound of that person’s footsteps.Slide11
So Pavlov built himself a big, beautiful, soundproof laboratory
Trying to figure out what signal stimulation was causing the salivation
he figured out that there must be
two kinds of reflexes.Slide12
Unconditioned reflexes
are inborn and automatic
require no learning
are generally the same for all members of a species.Food = salivateLoud noise = jumpLight = pupils dilateSlide13
Conditioned reflexes
Are acquired through experience or learning
May vary a great deal among individual members of a species
Footsteps = salivationSmell of dental disinfectant = pain in teethSlide14
How did we get from food to footsteps?
Pavlov hypothesized that
if a particular stimulus was present when the dog was fed,
this stimulus would become associated in the dog’s brain with food. It would signal approaching food.Prior to being paired with food, the environmental stimulus did not produce any important response. it was neutral.Slide15
Pavlov didn’t use a bell
Step 1
UCS (food) UCR (salivation)Step 2 NS (metronome) +UCS (food) UCR (salivation)Step 3 Repeat step 2 several timesStep 4 CS (metronome)
CR
(salivation)Slide16
Pavlov also used visual and olfactory NS
He paired the smell of vanilla (NS) with lemon juice (UCS) to produce salivation (UCR).
After several exposures the Vanilla (CS) caused the dogs to salivate (CR).
He also paired a rotating object (NS) with food (UCS). Again, after several exposures the rotating object (CS) produced salivation (CR).Slide17
Why the heck do we care?
Think about how we explain the following:
Phobias
Why you dislike certain foodsHow advertising worksWhat arouses you sexuallyThe source of your emotionsWhy you feel anxiety before a testSlide18
Extinction…
When the pairing of NS and UCS no longer happens
eventually the CR goes away
.Slide19
Classical Conditioning
On a piece of paper…
Design an experiment you could conduct that tests classical conditioning .
Your subjects are 10 freshmenYou must identify your UCS, UCR, NS, CS and CRExplain why you must repeat your experiment multiple times.Please turn in your paper (in-box)