Grade Recovery and Value Determination recovered from each sample ... - PDF document

Lumber Grade Recovery and Value Determination recovered from each sample Mill Production and live-sawed were Cost Determination standardize computations (in ber volume (M ft.) air-dry classes. Saw- recovered for time per ft. by applying log sawing 1970), yield for Delay time ence between air-dry lum- being sawed, delay her then subtracted recovered from rates and recovery for grade-sawing yield from mill disclosed lumber grade U.S. for logs similar size. could be lumber produced in sawing was McCauley and Mendel for live- for grade-sawing relative lumber-production two sawing cost per bd. time required one M bd. ft. hourly cost values pertaining excluded from raw-material cost (log cost M bd. ft. Scrib- ner decimal C scale, was ing cost The lumber-production cost current market 1 was used because index values developed from lumber grade estimates in Lumber Grade Recovery of the different There was no significant difference (j-per- grades of lumber recovered were computed for cent level) in the yields of First and Second each log diameter for the live-sawing method. (FAS) or First One Face (FIF) lumber compared with live-sawing and that predicted for percentage yields predicted for similar logs in effect on FAS or 1). determine whether in lumber 1 yield between were live-sawed highly significant Table I.-Air-dry lumber yield for grade 3 red oak sawlogs, by sawing method Lumber grade Sawing Method Logs FAS FIF lCOM 2COM 3ACOM 3BCOM Volume No. ------ Percent yield------ dd. 14.0 22.2 15.4 .5 .9 41.8 34.5 13.8 4,814 " yields predicted from FPL-63. " Actual lumber yield from live-sawing. adiusted log cost" for grade 3 sawlogs, by diameter classes Overrun Overrun Log mill tally - Percent 16.1 13.9 11.7 9.5 7.3 5.1 2.9 .7 2.0 44.12 " Assumed log cost of $45/M at the point of use. percent No. I common lumber as c-,mpared to edges of the middle boards, therefore upgrad- percent predicted yield for grade-saw- logs be- upgrade boards pro- from small by ripping with larger Sawing method a significant 19 percent less No. for grade-sawing. yields a high percentage common lumber. resulted in a 7.3-percent overrun based on live-sawing is less volume is log is overrun for declined for logs were sawed (fig. Figure 3.-Percent overrun for grade 3 red oak sawlogs, by diameter. Lum ber-Production Rates GRADE-SAWING '\ 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 LOG DIAMETER, INCHES Figure 4.-Volume of factory-grade 3 saw- logs sawed per hour, by diameter: grade-saw- Lumber production in board feet hour (mill for grade-sawing Headsaw for live-sawing minutes per M for grade-sawing. for live-sawing is logs were only once; sawcuts in diameter turn and rninutes per sawcut for conversion 4/4 Grade-sawing required turns and whereas live-sawing 9 sawcuts. for conversion mill opera- can increase his profit: (I) lower sawing by increasing volume yield or increasing lumber grades; (3) and some combination of (1) and (2). fully judge live-sawing affects lumber values and the lumber produc- Sawing cost bd. decreased for length in- creased. However, sawing by live-sawing live-sawing reduced sawing cost M 12 percent lumber-production cost, i 1 lumber-production cost for live-sawing [ , , j average $71.96 per M bd. ft. as compared 8 9 10 11 17 13 14 I with $78.71 M bd. ft. for grade-sawing and total ~roducfion cost per M feet for grade-sawing (bottom) factory-grade saw- logs, by diameter. 110 LIVE-SAWING 70 /- t I I t TOTAL COST i BREAK-EVEN DIAMETER 9~1 INCHES 60 I I I 1 t I I I I 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 LOG DIAMETER, INCHES 110 GRADE-SAWING i BREAK-EVEN DIAMETER These factors 1 by grade-sawing. reduced lumber-production increased value M ft. is overall gain for live-sawing M mill, which a production ft. could increase mill logs were live-sawed average lumber value by log break-even or live-sawing is compared with 12.0 inches for grade-sawing live- sawing actually permits the profitable manu- facture of smaller diameter grade 3 red oak logs than does the more conventional grade- for live-sawing increases above break-even point 6). CONCLUSIONS In this study, factory-grade 3 red significant gains over lumber, more overrun, (7.8 percent), and a re- less No. 1 and the 3B high-grade lumber. without major changes in mill increase in Although these operat-