Integrated Pest Management What is IPM Integrated P est M anagement is a sustainable approach to controlling insect pest populations that combines PAMS P revention A voidance M onitoring ID: 746549
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Slide1
IPM of Insect Pests and Disease
Integrated Pest Management Slide2
What is IPM?
Integrated P
est Management is a sustainable approach to controlling insect pest populations that combines PAMS
Prevention
Avoidance Monitoring
S
uppression
Combination of strategies that minimizes economic, health, and environmental risks. Slide3
IPM Approaches
Integrates numerous compatible control strategies to maximize population stabilizationSlide4
Prevention
Various practices that keep pests from infesting a production site (i.e. field, orchard, or greenhouse)
Examples Using pest free seed or transplants
Field sanitationEliminating alternative hostsSlide5
Avoidance
When pests are already present in the general area, but pest impact can be minimized through various cultural practices.
Crop rotation
Crop choicesTrap cropsAdjusting planting schedule
Early planting, late planting, not plantingResistance traitsFast maturing varietiesSlide6
Monitoring
The key component to any IPM programProper identification of pest – know your enemy
Monitoring programTrapsWeather monitoring
Soil testing, when appropriateRecord keepingPest incidence and distribution in each fieldSlide7
Suppression
To avoid economic loss, population suppression technique may be necessary
Cultural practicesNo-till or strip tillCover crops or mulches
Companion plantingPhysical suppression
Baited or pheromone trapsExclusion devicesRow covers
Biological Control
Mating disruption
PheromoneSterile releaseConservationAugmentationChemical/biopesticide control
Considered a last resort
Evaluate Cost to benefit ratioSlide8
Problems with pesticides: The pesticide treadmill
Resistance
ResurgenceSecondary pestsResiduesSlide9
What does Resurgence and Resistance look like?Slide10
The Basic Elements of an IPM Program
Know crop growth cycle
Know the pest
Combine methods
Attack the weak link
Monitor
Preserve beneficialsSlide11
Planning an on Farm IPM Program
Ecosystem management
Cultural control
Information resources
Monitoring program
Record keeping
An
economic threshold
- the insect's population level or extent of crop damage at which the value of the crop destroyed exceeds the cost of controlling the pest. Slide12
Cultural Control
Varieties/Cropping System Developmental rate Planting dates/harvesting dates
Crop rotationSlide13
Cropping Systems
Control achieved through various planting methods:
Multiple cropping
Sequential productionInterplantingCover crop
Intercropping
Two or more crops on the same land at the same time
Strip croppingSlide14
Biological Controls
Conservation of naturally occurring methods of population stabilization
PredatorsParasitoids
Augmentation of organisms that will help to stabilize population of pestsPredators
ParasitoidsSlide15
Plants to Attract and Feed Beneficial Insects
Umbelliferae family
carrot, yarrow, Queen Anne’s lace, dill, anise, fennel, coriander, parsley
Compositae family
zinnia, marigold, aster, daisies, mums, black-eyed susan, coneflower, CoreopsisMint family and Perennial herbs
mints, thyme, sage, oregano, bee balm, basil
Other plants
salvias, wallflowers, nasturtiums, poppies, etc.
goldenrod
dill
wild carrotSlide16
Augmentation: Predator/Parasite release Slide17
Mechanical/Physical controls
Row coversHand picking
Sticky boardsPlant collarsSlide18
Insecticides
Chemical pesticides
BiochemicalsSynthetic pesticides with properties of natural substance
BiopesticidesBacteriaFungi
VirusesMany implications for use in organic systemsSlide19
Monitoring of pest populations
Scouting fieldsHand lens
Random samplesTrappingPheromone traps
Light trapsPit fall trapsSticky traps
Sweep Net
Vacuuming
Beat sheets
Random Samples: a measure of the total populationSlide20
Trapping
Lure trap
Visual trap
Pheromone trap
Visual trap
Pheromone trapSlide21
Pests and Beneficials
Pair up and review the information sheet on the selected pest or beneficial insect. Present back to the group:
If a Pest:
What is the life cycle of the
insect?
What plants does it typically
impact?
What are some management and control methods
If a beneficial:
What is the life cycle of the
insect?
What
plants or other insects
does it typically
impact?
What are some methods for attracting or propagating the
beneficials
?