Okoro CE 1 Owolabi OA 2 James DB 3 Mbewe AL 4 Maduforo AN 5 1 Nutrition Section Federal Capital Territory Primary Health Care Board Abuja Nigeria 2 3 ID: 807819
Download The PPT/PDF document "BREASTFEEDING AND COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING ..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
BREASTFEEDING AND COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING PRACTICES OF CAREGIVERS OF UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN IN KUJE AREA COUNCIL, FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY (FCT) ABUJA, NIGERIA
Okoro C.E.*,1 Owolabi O.A.,2 James D.B.,3 Mbewe A.L.,4 Maduforo A.N.51 Nutrition Section, Federal Capital Territory Primary Health Care Board, Abuja, Nigeria.2, 3 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State Nigeria.4 Family and Reproductive Health Cluster Lead, World Health Organization, Nigeria.5 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.PAPER DELIVERED AT THE 2ND WORLD BREASTFEEDING CONFERENCE AT JOHANNESBURG, SOUTH AFRICA, 11TH – 14TH DECEMBER, 2016 Corresponding Author 1:Mobile: +234-8023617236Email: eberecee@gmail.com
1
Slide2INTRODUCTION/1
The challenges of hunger and inadequate intake of food nutrients which hampers the nutritional status of children and women still remains an issue of concern in Nigeria. Worldwide, almost 7 million children die each year before they reach their fifth birthday, while India (24%) and Nigeria (11%) together account for more than one-third of all under-five deaths. Globally, undernutrition is responsible, directly or indirectly, for at least 35% of deaths in children less than 5 years of age (You et al., 2011; UNICEF, 2014). The under – 5 mortality rate in Nigeria is 128 deaths per 1000 live births, which implies that one in every eight children born die before reaching their fifth birthday (NDHS, 2013). Exclusive and optimal breastfeeding as well as proper introduction of complementary foods has remained a key determinant of child’s nutrition status. 2
Slide3AIM AND OBJECTIVESThe aims and objectives of this study were:
To assess the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and breastfeeding practices of mothers.To evaluate the complementary feeding practices of caregivers To evaluate the nutrition status of the under five children. 3
Slide4SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The role of adequate and sustainable surveillance particularly for nutrition assessment of children in the community cannot be over-emphasized, considering the efforts in promoting optimal childhood nutrition, growth and development. None or little effort has been devoted to examining the key contributors to malnutrition among under-five children in communities of Kuje Area Council of the FCT that will effectively guide nutrition interventions. This study will provide information that can be used for nutritional surveillance and targeting programmes that would focus more on populations most affected. 4
Slide5MATERIALS AND METHODS
Research Design and Sampling: The study was a cross-sectional survey. Multi stage sampling techniques was used in selecting the populations that were studied. Probability proportion by size was applied in choosing 30 clusters for the survey using ENA for SMART software (2011) (Action Against Hunger (USA), 2011). Study PopulationUnder-five children and their caregivers were chosen in selected clusters to participate in the study.5
Slide6MATERIALS AND METHODS6
Study AreaThis study was conducted in Kuje Area Council, FCT - Nigeria. Kuje Area Council is one of the six Area Councils in FCTKuje falls within latitude 7° 25’ N and 9° 20’ North of the Equator and longitude 5° 45' and 7° 39' of the equator.
Slide7Figure 1: Prevalence of Breastfeeding
Figure 2: Prevalence of Exclusive BreastfeedingRESULTS7
Slide8Figure 3: Breastfeeding Initiation
RESULTS Cont....8
Slide9Figure 4: Prelacteal Feeding Practices
Figure 5: Feeding of Colostrum9RESULTS Cont....
Slide10Figure 6: Breastfeeding Duration
Figure 7: Feeding Pattern of children 6 -24 months10RESULTS Cont....
Slide1111
RESULTS Cont....
Slide12Figure
9: Adequacy of Food Intake Based on Quantity for Age 12RESULTS Cont....
Slide13Figure 10
: Frequency of Food Intake For Age13RESULTS Cont....
Slide1414
RESULTS Cont....Figure 11: Prevalence of Acute Malnutrition Among U5 Children In Kuje Area Council of FCT
Slide15Figure
12: Educational level of caregivers/mothers and nutrition status of their children15
Slide1616
RESULTS Cont....Figure 13: Mother’s/Caregiver’s membership of a care support group and nutritional status f the chldren
Slide17DISCUSSION
Mothers who were members of care group did not record any malnutrition, while about 11% of under-five children whose mothers do not belong to a care group were undernourished. Evidence had shown that lay and peer support are most effective in increasing the initiation and duration of exclusive breastfeeding (Fairbank et al., 2000). It is reported that Social marketing has been established as an effective behavioural change model for a wide variety of public health issues, including breastfeeding (Ling et al., 1992). Increasing evidence reveals the essential impact of early initiation of breastfeeding on neonatal mortality. A study in a rural community in Ghana showed that early initiation within the first hours of birth prevents about 22% of neonatal deaths while initiation within the first day prevents 16% of deaths.Another study in Nepal revealed that about 19.1% and 7.7% of all neo-natal deaths could be avoided with universal initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour and first day of life respectively (Edmond, et al., 2006; Mullany, et al., 2008). 17
Slide18DISCUSSION
In development of malnutrition framework, the role of socio-economic factors was considered to be of greater importance than mere nutritional and medical factors (Aggarwal, et al., 2005).Socio-economic status has an impact on nutrients needs and food choices. Poor socioeconomic status affects health by altering nutritional status and increasing predisposition to diseases such as malnutrition, hypertension and diabetes. (Aggarwal, et al., 2005).18
Slide19CONCLUSION19
There is high prevalence of malnutrition among under-five children in Kuje Area Council with multifactorial determinants.These findings reinforce the importance of proper infant and child feeding practices in prevention of malnutrition.
Slide20THANK YOU
20
Slide21References
Action Against Hunger (USA). Integrated SMART Survey Nutrition, WASH, Food Security and Livelihoods, Garbatulla District, Kenya, Action Against Hunger (USA), 2011. Aggarwal, P., Bhasin, S., Sharma, A., Chhabra, P., Aggarwal, K., and Rajoura, O. A New Instrument (Scale) for Measuring the Socioeconomic Status of a Family: Preliminary Study. Indian Journal of Community Medicine 2005; 30, 10-12. Black R. et al. Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences. (Maternal and Child Undernutrition Series 1). The Lancet 2008.Edmond, K et al. Delayed breastfeeding initiation increases risk of neonatal mortality. Pediatrics 2006: 117(3): e380-6.Fairbank L, O’Meara S, Renfrew MJ, Woolridge M, Snowden AJ, Lister-Sharp D. A systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to promote the initiation of breastfeeding. Health Technology Assessment 2000: 4(25):1–171.Ling JC, Franklin BA, Lindsteadt JF, Gearon SA. Social marketing: its place in public health. Annual Review of Public Health 1992:13:341–62.MNCHW Report. Maternal Newborn and Child Health Week. FCT, Abuja Nigeria: Federal Capital Territory Primary Health Care Board. Federal Capital Territory Primary Health Care Board (FCT PHCB). 2014.Mullany L. et al. Breastfeeding patterns, time to Initiation and mortality risk among newborns in southern Nepal. The Journal of Nutrition 2008: 138; 599-603.21
Slide22References/2
NDHS. National Population Commission Federal Republic of Nigeria Abuja, Nigeria. MEASURE DHS, ICF Macro Calverton, Maryland, USA. 2013.Singh K, Srivastava P. The effect of colostrum on infant mortality: Urban rural differentials. Health and Population 1992;15(3&4):94–100.United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). The state of the world’s children 2014 in numbers: Revealing disparities, advancing children’s rights: Every child counts. UNICEF 2014.WHO. Effect of breastfeeding on infant and child mortality due to infectious diseases in less developed countries: a pooled analysis. Collaborative Study Team on the role of breastfeeding on the prevention of infant mortality. Lancet, 2000, 355:451–455.You, D., New, J. R., & Wardlaw, T. Levels and trends in child mortality. Report 2012. Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation 2011. Available from http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/documents/levels_trends_child_mortality_2012.pdf22