If the mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells resulted from endosymbiosis what features might we expect these organelles to contain a plasma membrane DNA and ribosomes a plasma membrane nucleus and ribosomes ID: 274931
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Slide1
0
ProtistsSlide2
If the mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells resulted from endosymbiosis, what features might we expect these organelles to contain?
a plasma membrane, DNA, and ribosomes
a plasma membrane, nucleus, and ribosomes
nucleus, DNA, and ribosomesa plasma membrane, nucleus, and cilianucleus, ribosomes, and ciliaSlide3
If the mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells resulted from endosymbiosis, what features might we expect these organelles to contain?
a plasma membrane, DNA, and ribosomes
a plasma membrane, nucleus, and ribosomes
nucleus, DNA, and ribosomesa plasma membrane, nucleus, and cilianucleus, ribosomes, and ciliaSlide4
Which of the following statements about slime molds is correct?
Cellular slime molds have haploid zygotes.
Cytoplasmic streaming helps distribute nutrients
and oxygen in cellular slime molds.In plasmodial slime molds, the haploid condition
is the dominant part of the life cycle.
Cellular slime molds have fruiting bodies that function in sexual reproduction.
Cellular slime molds form masses when food
is scarce, but their cells remain separated.Slide5
Which of the following statements about slime molds is correct?
Cellular slime molds have haploid zygotes.
Cytoplasmic streaming helps distribute nutrients
and oxygen in cellular slime molds.In plasmodial slime molds, the haploid condition
is the dominant part of the life cycle.
Cellular slime molds have fruiting bodies that function in sexual reproduction.
Cellular slime molds form masses when food
is scarce, but their cells remain separated.Slide6
The largest group of eukaryotic organisms is the
vertebrates.
animals.
plants.protists.fungi.Slide7
The largest group of eukaryotic organisms is the
vertebrates.
animals.
plants.protists.fungi.Slide8
Photosynthetic eukaryotes contain both mitochondria and chloroplasts. Which sequence most likely describes the evolution of this group?
Ancestral anaerobic prokaryote engulfs
heterotrophic
prokaryote and then engulfs photosynthetic prokaryote.Ancestral anaerobic prokaryote engulfs photosynthetic prokaryote and then engulfs heterotrophic prokaryote.Both sequences are equally likely.Slide9
Photosynthetic eukaryotes contain both mitochondria and chloroplasts. Which sequence most likely describes the evolution of this group?
Ancestral anaerobic prokaryote engulfs heterotrophic prokaryote and then engulfs photosynthetic prokaryote.
Ancestral anaerobic prokaryote engulfs photosynthetic prokaryote and then engulfs heterotrophic prokaryote.
Both sequences are equally likely.Slide10
Trypanosoma
, a
kinetoplastid
, is the causative agent of
HIV
/AIDS
Malaria
Giardiasis
Trichomoniasis
Sleeping
sicknessSlide11
Trypanosoma
, a
kinetoplastid
, is the causative agent of
HIV
/AIDS
Malaria
Giardiasis
Trichomoniasis
Sleeping
sicknessSlide12
Which of the following was not formed by secondary endosymbiosis
?
Dinoflagellates
Stamenophiles
Euglenids
Clorarachniophytes
CyanobacteriaSlide13
Which of the following was not formed by secondary endosymbiosis
?
Dinoflagellates
Stamenophiles
Euglenids
Clorarachniophytes
CyanobacteriaSlide14
Which of the following most likely arose from endosymbiosis?
nuclear membrane and Golgi apparatus
ER and chloroplasts
chloroplasts and mitochondriamitochondria and Golgi apparatusSlide15
Which of the following most likely arose from endosymbiosis?
nuclear membrane and Golgi apparatus
ER and chloroplasts
chloroplasts and mitochondriamitochondria and Golgi apparatusSlide16
Cloned
rRNA
gene sequences for the six organisms were aligned and compared. The data table, called a comparison matrix, summarizes the comparison of 617 nucleotide positions from the gene sequences. Each value in the table is the percentage of the 617 nucleotide positions for which both organisms in the pair have the same composition. Any positions that were identical across the
rRNA
genes of all six organisms were omitted from this comparison matrix.
Scientific Skills
ExercisesSlide17
Find the cell that represents the comparison of
Comamonastestosteroni
and
Escherichia coli
. What value is given in that
cell?
35
52
57
61Slide18
Find the cell that represents the comparison of
Comamonastestosteroni
and
Escherichia coli
. What value is given in that
cell?
35
52
57
61Slide19
What does the value 61 signify about the comparable
rRNA
gene sequences in
Comamonas
testosteroni
and
Escherichia coli
?
that
61% of the 617 nucleotide positions are different between the two species
that
61 nucleotides are different between the two species
that
61 nucleotides are the same in both species
that
61% of the 617 nucleotide positions are the
same
in both
speciesSlide20
What does the value 61 signify about the comparable
rRNA
gene sequences in
Comamonas
testosteroni
and
Escherichia coli
?
that
61% of the 617 nucleotide positions are different between the two species
that
61 nucleotides are different between the two species
that
61 nucleotides are the same in both species
that
61% of the 617 nucleotide positions are the
same
in both
speciesSlide21
Why do some cells have a dash rather than a value
?
Those
cells would compare one species to itself.
Those
cells would duplicate comparisons shown elsewhere in the matrix.
Those
comparisons were not made by the researchers
.Slide22
Why do some cells have a dash rather than a value
?
Those
cells would compare one species to itself.
Those
cells would duplicate comparisons shown elsewhere in the matrix.
Those
comparisons were not made by the researchers
.Slide23
Why are some cells shaded gray, with no value?
Those
cells would compare one species to itself.
Those
cells would duplicate comparisons shown elsewhere in the matrix.
Those
comparisons were not made by the researchers
.Slide24
Why are some cells shaded gray, with no value?
Those
cells would compare one species to itself.
Those
cells would duplicate comparisons shown elsewhere in the matrix.
Those
comparisons were not made by the researchers
.Slide25
Why did the researchers choose only one plant (wheat) to include in the comparison matrix?
A
comparison matrix with more than six species is too unwieldy.
Wheat
is the plant that is most closely related to bacteria.
Only
one source of mitochondrial
rRNA
was
needed
to represent all mitochondria.
Wheat
is the only plant with mitochondrial
rRNA
genes
.Slide26
Why did the researchers choose only one plant (wheat) to include in the comparison matrix?
A
comparison matrix with more than six species is too unwieldy.
Wheat
is the plant that is most closely related to bacteria.
Only
one source of mitochondrial
rRNA
was
needed
to represent all mitochondria.
Wheat
is the only plant with mitochondrial
rRNA
genes
.Slide27
Why did the researchers include five bacterial species in the comparison matrix
?
They
wanted to identify which bacterium is most closely related to the ancestor of mitochondria.
They
wanted to identify how many of the five bacterial species have
rRNA
genes.
One
of the species was a test, and the other four were controls.
They
wanted to identify the evolutionary relationships among the five bacterial species
.Slide28
Why did the researchers include five bacterial species in the comparison matrix
?
They
wanted to identify which bacterium is most closely related to the ancestor of mitochondria.
They
wanted to identify how many of the five bacterial species have
rRNA
genes.
One
of the species was a test, and the other four were controls.
They
wanted to identify the evolutionary relationships among the five bacterial species
.Slide29
Which bacterial species has an
rRNA
gene that is most similar to that of the wheat mitochondrion?
M
.
capricolum
A
.
tumefaciens
E
. coli
C
.
testosteroni
A
.
nidulansSlide30
Which bacterial species has an
rRNA
gene that is most similar to that of the wheat mitochondrion?
M
.
capricolum
A
.
tumefaciens
E
. coli
C
.
testosteroni
A
.
nidulansSlide31
The
rRNA
gene of
A.
tumefaciens
is most similar to the wheat mitochondrial
rRNA
gene. What does that suggest?
that
the alpha
proteobacteria
are more closely related to the ancestor of mitochondria than the other bacterial taxa
that
the beta
proteobacteria
are more closely related to wheat than the other bacterial taxa
that
the alpha
proteobacteria
are more closely related to wheat than the other bacterial taxa
that
the beta
proteobacteria
are more closely
related
to the ancestor of mitochondria than the
other
bacterial
taxaSlide32
The
rRNA
gene of
A.
tumefaciens
is most similar to the wheat mitochondrial
rRNA
gene. What does that suggest?
that
the alpha
proteobacteria
are more closely related to the ancestor of mitochondria than the other bacterial taxa
that
the beta
proteobacteria
are more closely related to wheat than the other bacterial taxa
that
the alpha
proteobacteria
are more closely related to wheat than the other bacterial taxa
that
the beta
proteobacteria
are more closely related to the ancestor of mitochondria than the other bacterial
taxa