HEALTH AND SAFETY FOR BRICKLAYERS - PDF document

HEALTH AND SAFETY FOR BRICKLAYERS 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 1 12/9/07 11:27:02 HEALTH AND SAFETY FOR BRICKLAYERS 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 1 12/9/07 11:27:02 Where there are unsafe acts illustrated in the photographs - the scenarios were re-created 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 2 12/9/07 11:27:02 Introduction________________________________________2Bricklayer__________________________________________4Health and Safety Law & Training_____________________5Hand Hygiene______________________________________9Hazardous Substances_____________________________10Working at Heights_________________________________12Slips Trips and Falls________________________________16Safety in Excavations______________________________18Dust and Flying Particles___________________________21Noise____________________________________________22Manual Handling__________________________________22Power and Hand Tools_____________________________24Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAV)_________________25Electricity_________________________________________27Sun Exposure_____________________________________28Slinging and Load Handling_________________________29First Aid__________________________________________29About CITB_______________________________________30Notes____________________________________________32 1 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 1 12/9/07 11:27:02 Introduction________________________________________2Bricklayer__________________________________________4Health and Safety Law & Training_____________________5Hand Hygiene______________________________________9Hazardous Substances_____________________________10Working at Heights_________________________________12Slips Trips and Falls________________________________16Safety in Excavations______________________________18Dust and Flying Particles___________________________21Noise____________________________________________22Manual Handling__________________________________22Power and Hand Tools_____________________________24Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAV)_________________25Electricity_________________________________________27Sun Exposure_____________________________________28Slinging and Load Handling_________________________29First Aid__________________________________________29About CITB_______________________________________30Notes____________________________________________32 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 1 12/9/07 11:27:02 been produced by CITB to provide Safety issues relating to trade persons eliminate and reduce the risk of, accidents, The booklets are in an easy to use pocket-size format and will be a good reference point to both existing and new entrant trade persons working in the industry and will also provide advice to supervisors, managers and directors to help improve s�$ERMATITIS�s�&ALLS�FROM�(EIGHTs�!SBESTOS�DUST�s�-ANUAL�(ANDLINGs�(AND�AND�FOOT�INJURYs�#UTS�AND�ABRASIONSs�3TRUCK�BY�MACHINERYs�3TRUCK�BY�FALLING�OBJECTSs�3LIPS�TRIPS�AND�FALLS�DUE�TO�UNTIDY�WORK�AREAs�&LAMMABLE�OR�COMBUSTIBLE�MATERIALS�s�%XPOSURE�TO�NOISEs�5SING�VARIOUS�TYPES�OF�POWER�AND�HAND�TOOLSs�7ORKING�IN�CONlNED�SPACESs�%XPOSURE�TO�ELECTRICITYs�6IBRATION�WHITE�lNGERs�2ISK�OF�EYE�INJURY�FROM�mYING�PARTICLES�AND�DUSTs�3UN�EXPOSURE INTRODUCTION 2 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 2 12/9/07 11:27:02 been produced by CITB to provide Safety issues relating to trade persons eliminate and reduce the risk of, accidents, The booklets are in an easy to use pocket-size format and will be a good reference point to both existing and new entrant trade persons working in the industry and will also provide advice to supervisors, managers and directors to help improve s�$ERMATITIS�s�&ALLS�FROM�(EIGHTs�!SBESTOS�DUST�s�-ANUAL�(ANDLINGs�(AND�AND�FOOT�INJURYs�#UTS�AND�ABRASIONSs�3TRUCK�BY�MACHINERYs�3TRUCK�BY�FALLING�OBJECTSs�3LIPS�TRIPS�AND�FALLS�DUE�TO�UNTIDY�WORK�AREAs�&LAMMABLE�OR�COMBUSTIBLE�MATERIALS�s�%XPOSURE�TO�NOISEs�5SING�VARIOUS�TYPES�OF�POWER�AND�HAND�TOOLSs�7ORKING�IN�CONlNED�SPACESs�%XPOSURE�TO�ELECTRICITYs�6IBRATION�WHITE�lNGERs�2ISK�OF�EYE�INJURY�FROM�mYING�PARTICLES�AND�DUSTs�3UN�EXPOSURE 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 2 12/9/07 11:27:02 Working in the construction industry is both rewarding and various risks if the correct safe methods of work as described in this booklet are not followed. charge about ways of eliminating or reducing those risks and stay safe and healthy. 3 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 3 12/9/07 11:27:02 Working in the construction industry is both rewarding and various risks if the correct safe methods of work as described in this booklet are not followed. charge about ways of eliminating or reducing those risks and stay safe and healthy. 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 3 12/9/07 11:27:02 Your trade has been around since biblical times and provides a valuable service to your industry. In order to sustain this such as apprentices and persons from As stated, your job is valuable and if you were asked to describe your job role to someone it would probably include s�7ORKING�BY�HAND�OR�WITH�HAND�AND�POWER�TOOLS�s�2EADING�AND�INTERPRETING�DRAWINGSs�-EASURING�ACCURATELY�FROM�AN�ESTABLISHED�STARTING�POINT��and using plumb lines and a masons level as required. s�+NOWING�THE�PROPERTIES�OF�VARIOUS�MORTARS�AND�OTHER���s�3PREADING�MORTAR�AND�LAYING�BRICKS�IN�POSITION�AND���removing any excess mortar .s�5SING�HAMMERS�OR�CHISELS�OR�MASONRY�SAWS�TO�CUT�AND�lT��s�,INING�OR�RELINING�FURNACES�KILNS�BOILERS�AND�SIMILARinstallations using refractory or acid-resistant bricks, concretes, or other material. s�7ORKING�WELL�INDEPENDENTLY�OR�WITH�CO WORKERS�UNDER��problems. s���0REPARING�COST�ESTIMATES�AND other regulations,s��3UPERVISING�APPRENTICES�OR�OTHER BRICKLAYER 4 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 4 12/9/07 11:27:03 Your trade has been around since biblical times and provides a valuable service to your industry. In order to sustain this such as apprentices and persons from As stated, your job is valuable and if you were asked to describe your job role to someone it would probably include s�7ORKING�BY�HAND�OR�WITH�HAND�AND�POWER�TOOLS�s�2EADING�AND�INTERPRETING�DRAWINGSs�-EASURING�ACCURATELY�FROM�AN�ESTABLISHED�STARTING�POINT��and using plumb lines and a masons level as required. s�+NOWING�THE�PROPERTIES�OF�VARIOUS�MORTARS�AND�OTHER���s�3PREADING�MORTAR�AND�LAYING�BRICKS�IN�POSITION�AND���removing any excess mortar .s�5SING�HAMMERS�OR�CHISELS�OR�MASONRY�SAWS�TO�CUT�AN� 4;䀀쀅䀀��s�,INING�OR�RELINING�FURNACES�KILNS�BOILERS�AND�SIMILARinstallations using refractory or acid-resistant bricks, concretes, or other material. s�7ORKING�WELL�INDEPENDENTLY�OR�WITH�CO WORKERS�UNDER� 0;��problems. s���0REPARING�COST�ESTIMATES�AND other regulations,s��3UPERVISING�APPRENTICES�OR�OTHER BRICKLAYER 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 4 12/9/07 11:27:03 Your health, safety and welfare at work are protected by law, your employer has a duty to protect you and keep and provide adequate information, safe manner.You also have legal duties too as follows:s�4AKE�REASONABLE�CARE�FOR�YOUR�OWN�HEALTH�AND�SAFETY�AND�OFothers who may be affected by your work such as others�#OMPLY�WITH�INSTRUCTIONS�OR�CONTROL�MEASURES�SUCH�AS�THEwearing of personal protective equipment.s�#O OPERATE�WITH�YOUR�EMPLOYER�ON�HEALTH�AND�SAFETY�ANDtraining requirements.s�#ORRECTLY�USE�AND�REPORT�ANY�DEFECTS�ON�WORK�EQUIPMENTprovided by your employer, this could be machinery, tools or personal protective equipment.s�$O�NOT�INTERFERE�WITH�OR�MISUSE�ANYTHING�PROVIDED�FOR�YOUR��health, safety or welfare.relation to their own Health and Safety and ensuring that their If you think there is a health and safety PROBLEM�ON�YOUR�SITE�YOU�SHOULD�lRST�discuss it with your supervisor, H&S adviser or person in charge. HEALTH AND SAFETY LAW 5 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 5 12/9/07 11:27:04 Your health, safety and welfare at work are protected by law, your employer has a duty to protect you and keep and provide adequate information, safe manner.You also have legal duties too as follows:s�4AKE�REASONABLE�CARE�FOR�YOUR�OWN�HEALTH�AND�SAFETY�AND�OFothers who may be affected by your work such as others�#OMPLY�WITH�INSTRUCTIONS�OR�CONTROL�MEASURES�SUCH�AS�THEwearing of personal protective equipment.s�#O OPERATE�WITH�YOUR�EMPLOYER�ON�HEALTH�AND�SAFETY� 0;င䀀training requirements.s�#ORRECTLY�USE�AND�REPORT�ANY�DEFECTS�ON�WORK�EQUIPMENTprovided by your employer, this could be machinery, tools or personal protective equipment.s�$O�NOT�INTERFERE�WITH�OR�MISUSE�ANYTHING�PROVIDED�FOR�YOUR��health, safety or welfare.relation to their own Health and Safety and ensuring that their If you think there is a health and safety PROBLEM�ON�YOUR�SITE�YOU�SHOULD�lRST�discuss it with your supervisor, H&S adviser or person in charge. HEALTH AND SAFETY LAW 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 5 12/9/07 11:27:04 (Northern Ireland) CDMThe updated CDM regulations place a responsibility on you shall report any defect which he/she is aware of, which may A number of initiatives have been launched to promote and improve good practice by reducing accidents and ill health. These initiatives are supported by Northern Ireland Northern Ireland (HSENI) employers and training bodies.BuildHealth launched in 2006 to improve the health of construction workers in Northern Ireland by: preventing work related ill health: supporting and rehabilitating ill workers and using the workplace as a setting in which to improve health.reducing accidents and eliminating death in the industry. One of the targets is to reduce the number of major injury You have a part to play in this process by working safely, staying healthy, preventing injury to yourself and others and report any defects, if you see any defects in scaffolding, death, report immediately. Only repair if authorised to do so by your employer or person in charge, and only if you are trained If an accident should happen it must be reported to your supervisor, manager or a responsible person and a record 6 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 6 12/9/07 11:27:04 (Northern Ireland) CDMThe updated CDM regulations place a responsibility on you shall report any defect which he/she is aware of, which may A number of initiatives have been launched to promote and improve good practice by reducing accidents and ill health. These initiatives are supported by Northern Ireland Northern Ireland (HSENI) employers and training bodies.BuildHealth launched in 2006 to improve the health of construction workers in Northern Ireland by: preventing work related ill health: supporting and rehabilitating ill workers and using the workplace as a setting in which to improve health.reducing accidents and eliminating death in the industry. One of the targets is to reduce the number of major injury You have a part to play in this process by working safely, staying healthy, preventing injury to yourself and others and report any defects, if you see any defects in scaffolding, death, report immediately. Only repair if authorised to do so by your employer or person in charge, and only if you are trained If an accident should happen it must be reported to your supervisor, manager or a responsible person and a record 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 6 12/9/07 11:27:04 should be kept, most employers have a no-blame-culture, and encourage reporting of any problems that you see that could PREVENT�AN�ACCIDENT�FROM�HAPPENING�IN�THE�lRST�PLACE�OR�ITS�reoccurrence.Information gained from reported accidents can be used to improve health and safety on site.2EMEMBER�ACCIDENTS�ARE�PREVENTABLE�BY�FOLLOWING�SAFE�systems of work you can help to improve the standards of Health and Safety Trainingin the Northern Ireland construction industry to enroll with APPROPRIATE�)NDUSTRY�2EGISTRATION�3CHEMES�WHICH�ARE�to improve the training standards of the industry. When employees are registered with the appropriate registration scheme, clients are advised that the workforce on their sites have received safety training and, where appropriate, have a Having a recognised registration card is a good starting point in showing proof of health and safety training but more SPECIlC�TRAINING�WILL�BE�REQUIRED�DEPENDING�ON�WORK�ACTIVITY�s�)NDUCTION�TRAININGs�4OOL�BOX�TALKSs�7ORKING�AT�HEIGHTSs�(EALTH�AND�(YGIENE�PREVENTING�DERMATITISs�,IFTING�AND�HANDLING�MANUAL�LOADSs�5SING�PLANT�AND�EQUIPMENT�LIKE�-%70S�OR�&ORKLIFT�4RUCKSs�5SING�SCAFFOLDING�AND�MOBILE�TOWERSs�5SING�HAND�TOOLSs�!BRASIVE�WHEELS�AND�CARTRIDGE�TOOLS 7 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 7 12/9/07 11:27:04 should be kept, most employers have a no-blame-culture, and encourage reporting of any problems that you see that could PREVENT�AN�ACCIDENT�FROM�HAPPENING�IN�THE�lRST�PLACE�OR�ITS�reoccurrence.Information gained from reported accidents can be used to improve health and safety on site.2EMEMBER�ACCIDENTS�ARE�PREVENTABLE�BY�FOLLOWING�SAFE�systems of work you can help to improve the standards of Health and Safety Trainingin the Northern Ireland construction industry to enroll with APPROPRIATE�)NDUSTRY�2EGISTRATION�3CHEMES�WHICH�ARE�to improve the training standards of the industry. When employees are registered with the appropriate registration scheme, clients are advised that the workforce on their sites have received safety training and, where appropriate, have a Having a recognised registration card is a good starting point in showing proof of health and safety training but more SPECIlC�TRAINING�WILL�BE�REQUIRED�DEPENDING�ON�WORK�ACTIVITY�s�)NDUCTION�TRAININGs�4OOL�BOX�TALKSs�7ORKING�AT�HEIGHTSs�(EALTH�AND�(YGIENE�PREVENTING�DERMATITISs�,IFTING�AND�HANDLING�MANUAL�LOADSs�5SING�PLANT�AND�EQUIPMENT�LIKE�-%70S�OR�&ORKLIFT�4RUCKSs�5SING�SCAFFOLDING�AND�MOBILE�TOWERSs�5SING�HAND�TOOLSs�!BRASIVE�WHEELS�AND�CARTRIDGE�TOOLS 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 7 12/9/07 11:27:04 s�2EFRESHER�TRAININGs�#ONVERSION�TRAININGs�&AMILIARISATION�TRAININGThis is not an exhaustive list and other training requirements may be necessary as and when required. Adequate training can help prevent accidents and ill-health and make for a more motivated and productive workforce. Ensure that you have received adequate training required to DO�YOUR�JOB�SAFELY�AND�EFlCIENTLY�and practices stated in this document, where reasonably & safety guide and should be supported by relevant training Welfare Facilities - Health and HygieneYour employer or the person in control of any site has a LEGAL�OBLIGATION�TO�ENSURE�THAT�SUFlCIENT�WELFARE�FACILITIES�ARprovided. These include washing, toilet and rest facilities.There is also a requirement for facilities to be made available for the storage of clothes that are not worn during working hours, the storage of clothes that are not taken home and for changing clothes when specialist clothing is required to be worn at the work place.Washing facilities on site should include hot and cold water, soap and basins large enough to wash forearms.Do not abuse these facilities ensure you keep them clean and tidy, and report any vandalism.If you are working with hazardous substances such as asbestos or lead, specialist welfare facilities must be provided. 8 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 8 12/9/07 11:27:04 s�2EFRESHER�TRAININGs�#ONVERSION�TRAININGs�&AMILIARISATION�TRAININGThis is not an exhaustive list and other training requirements may be necessary as and when required. Adequate training can help prevent accidents and ill-health and make for a more motivated and productive workforce. Ensure that you have received adequate training required to DO�YOUR�JOB�SAFELY�AND�EFlCIENTLY�and practices stated in this document, where reasonably & safety guide and should be supported by relevant training Welfare Facilities - Health and HygieneYour employer or the person in control of any site has a LEGAL�OBLIGATION�TO�ENSURE�THAT�SUFlCIENT�WELFARE�FACILITIES�ARprovided. These include washing, toilet and rest facilities.There is also a requirement for facilities to be made available for the storage of clothes that are not worn during working hours, the storage of clothes that are not taken home and for changing clothes when specialist clothing is required to be worn at the work place.Washing facilities on site should include hot and cold water, soap and basins large enough to wash forearms.Do not abuse these facilities ensure you keep them clean and tidy, and report any vandalism.If you are working with hazardous substances such as asbestos or lead, specialist welfare facilities must be provided. 8 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 8 12/9/07 11:27:04 Hand hygiene is essential. The hands are the contact with harmful substances. Failure to take basic precautions can lead to proper supplied skin cleansing products. clean hands with white spirit, thinners, petrol, turpentine Always ensure that you wash your hands after a visit to the Always ensure that your hands are clean before handling food.Anyone who prepares food for others must have been trained in food hygiene procedures.Failure to observe basic hygiene precautions could lead to HAND HYGIENE 9 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 9 12/9/07 11:27:04 Hand hygiene is essential. The hands are the contact with harmful substances. Failure to take basic precautions can lead to proper supplied skin cleansing products. clean hands with white spirit, thinners, petrol, turpentine Always ensure that you wash your hands after a visit to the Always ensure that your hands are clean before handling food.Anyone who prepares food for others must have been trained in food hygiene procedures.Failure to observe basic hygiene precautions could lead to 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 9 12/9/07 11:27:04 Direct skin contact with mortar could cause contact dermatitis and burns; your employer needs to explain precautions required and the danger of exposure.percentage of bricklayers leave the industry due to severe dermatitis.Direct skin contact should be avoided, the correct CE marked PVC gloves must be used when handling mortar.Suitable gloves should be worn when handling potentially hazardous materials.Training on how to treat exposure should be given by your employer, you must tell your supervisor if you see early signs SUBSTANCES 10 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 10 12/9/07 11:27:04 Dermatitis Direct skin contact with mortar could cause contact dermatitis and burns; your employer needs to explain precautions required and the danger of exposure.percentage of bricklayers leave the industry due to severe dermatitis.Direct skin contact should be avoided, the correct CE marked PVC gloves must be used when handling mortar.Suitable gloves should be worn when handling potentially hazardous materials.Training on how to treat exposure should be given by your employer, you must tell your supervisor if you see early signs SUBSTANCES 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 10 12/9/07 11:27:04 Breathing asbestos dust can cause serious damage to the lungs and cause cancer. There is no known cure for asbestos related diseases.Many buildings built or refurbished before the mid 1980s INDEMNIlED�BEFORE�WORK�COMMENCES�TO�PREVENT�INADVERTENT�exposure to asbestos. Asbestos insulation board, asbestos coatings and asbestos insulation should only be removed by a licensed contractor.charge immediately. 11 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 11 12/9/07 11:27:05 Asbestos Breathing asbestos dust can cause serious damage to the lungs and cause cancer. There is no known cure for asbestos related diseases.Many buildings built or refurbished before the mid 1980s INDEMNIlED�BEFORE�WORK�COMMENCES�TO�PREVENT�INADVERTENT�exposure to asbestos. Asbestos insulation board, asbestos coatings and asbestos insulation should only be removed by a licensed contractor.charge immediately. 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 11 12/9/07 11:27:05 fall from height. 2EMEMBER�SCAFFOLDING�SHOULD�BE�inspected after substantial alternation or repair, after any event likely to affect stability like strong winds and at regular scaffolding should be tagged to warn others if faults have Your employer should ensure that any scaffolding, which you are using, is safe.s�%NSURE�SCAFFOLDING�REQUIREMENTS�INCLUDING�APPROPRIATEload rating and provision of loading bays with your employer or supervisor. s�3CAFFOLDING�COULD�COLLAPSE�AND�A�CRUSH�MAY�INCUR�OR�WORSEif the scaffolding collapses on top of you.s�#HECK�WITH�THE�SITE�MANAGER�THAT�THE�CORRECT�SCAFFOLD�ISprovided and inspected, ask for evidence that the scaffoldhas been erected by a competent person and inspected.s�.O�ONE�SHOULD�INTERFERE�WITH�OR�MISUSE�SCAFFOLD�ONLYcompetent persons can erect and inspect scaffolding.s�)F�YOU�THINK�THAT�A�SCAFFOLD�HAS�BEEN�INTERFERED�WITH�OR�COULbe unsafe, report this to your supervisor or any other personin charge immediately.s�$O�NOT�MAKE�ANY�UNAUTHORISED�ADJUSTMENTS�TO�ANY�SCAFFOLDnever remove ties or handrails.s�3AFE�STANDS�WITH�HANDRAILS�TO�BE�USED�FOR�WORK�ON�INTERNALwalls, dont be fooled into using unsafe platforms.s�)F�A�HARNESS�IS�REQUIRED�THEN�MAKE�SURE�YOU�WEAR�IT�CORRECTLYuse a suitable lanyard and inspect before and during use, you must be trained in the safe use of harnesses.s�%NSURE�ANY�SAFETY�EQUIPMENT�PROVIDED�TO�PREVENT�INJURY��from falls is in place and secure.s�)F�USING�-OBILE�%LEVATED�7ORK�0LATFORMS�-%70S �YOU�MUST WORKING AT 12 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 12 12/9/07 11:27:05 fall from height. 2EMEMBER�SCAFFOLDING�SHOULD�BE�inspected after substantial alternation or repair, after any event likely to affect stability like strong winds and at regular scaffolding should be tagged to warn others if faults have Your employer should ensure that any scaffolding, which you are using, is safe.s�%NSURE�SCAFFOLDING�REQUIREMENTS�INCLUDING�APPROPRIATEload rating and provision of loading bays with your employer or supervisor. s�3CAFFOLDING�COULD�COLLAPSE�AND�A�CRUSH�MAY�INCUR�OR�WORSEif the scaffolding collapses on top of you.s�#HECK�WITH�THE�SITE�MANAGER�THAT�THE�CORRECT�SCAFFOLD�ISprovided and inspected, ask for evidence that the scaffoldhas been erected by a competent person and inspected.s�.O�ONE�SHOULD�INTERFERE�WITH�OR�MISUSE�SCAFFOLD�ONLYcompetent persons can erect and inspect scaffolding.s�)F�YOU�THINK�THAT�A�SCAFFOLD�HAS�BEEN�INTERFERED�WITH�OR�COULbe unsafe, report this to your supervisor or any other personin charge immediately.s�$O�NOT�MAKE�ANY�UNAUTHORISED�ADJUSTMENTS�TO�ANY�SC� 4;င怀FOLDnever remove ties or handrails.s�3AFE�STANDS�WITH�HANDRAILS�TO�BE�USED�FOR�WORK�ON�� 4;逄䀄倅 NALwalls, dont be fooled into using unsafe platforms.s�)F�A�HARNESS�IS�REQUIRED�THEN�MAKE�SURE�YOU�WEAR�IT�CORRECTLYuse a suitable lanyard and inspect before and during use, you must be trained in the safe use of harnesses.s�%NSURE�ANY�SAFETY�EQUIPMENT�PROVIDED�TO�PREVENT�INJURY��from falls is in place and secure.s�)F�USING�-OBILE�%LEVATED�7ORK�0LATFORMS�-%70S �YOU�MUST WORKING AT 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 12 12/9/07 11:27:05 Alloy Tower scaffolds are used widely in the construction due to the tower not being properly erected or used. An aluminium tower can easily overturn as they are light and Before UseDo not erect or inspect an alloy tower unless you are trained -AKE�SURE�THE�TOWER�IS�RESTING�ON�lRM�LEVEL�GROUND�WITH�THE�wheels or feet properly supported. blocks to take the weight of any part of the tower. As a guide, if towers are to be used in exposed conditions or outside, the height of the working platform should be no more than three times the minimum base dimension. s���$O�NOT�SHEET�AS�THIS�COULD�ACT�LIKE�A�SAIL�AND�OVERTURN�the tower.s���%NSURE�THE�TOWER�IS�ON�lRM�LEVEL�GROUNDnot climb on the tower.s�!LWAYS�CLIMB�FROM�THE�INSIDE�OFthe tower.s�5SE�A�BRICK�GUARD�WHERE���necessary. 13 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 13 12/9/07 11:27:06 Alloy Tower scaffolds are used widely in the construction due to the tower not being properly erected or used. An aluminium tower can easily overturn as they are light and Before UseDo not erect or inspect an alloy tower unless you are trained -AKE�SURE�THE�TOWER�IS�RESTING�ON�lRM�LEVEL�GROUND�WITH�THE�wheels or feet properly supported. blocks to take the weight of any part of the tower. As a guide, if towers are to be used in exposed conditions or outside, the height of the working platform should be no more than three times the minimum base dimension. s���$O�NOT�SHEET�AS�THIS�COULD�ACT�LIKE�A�SAIL�AND� 0;怄倅 䀅倅 N�the tower.s���%NSURE�THE�TOWER�IS�ON�lRM�LEVEL�GROUNDnot climb on the tower.s�!LWAYS�CLIMB�FROM�THE�INSIDE�OFthe tower.s�5SE�A�BRICK�GUARD�WHERE���necessary. 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 13 12/9/07 11:27:06 s�4OWER�SHOULD�NOT�BE�MOVED�WITH�ANYONE�REMAINING�IN�the structure.s�#LOSE�PLATFORM�ACCESS�DOOR�TO�PREVENT�FALLING�THROUGHs�7ATCH�OUT�FOR�OVERHEAD�POWER�LINES�BEFORE�MOVINGs�$O�NOT�USE�VEHICLES�TO�PUSH�OR�PULL�THE�TOWERs�%NSURE�BRAKES�ARE�APPLIEDs�)F�lTTED�CHECK�THAT�OUTRIGGERS�ARE�SET�CORRECTLY�AND�SECUREDs��4HE�LADDER�SHOULD�BE�ANGLED�TO�MINIMISE�THE�RISK�OF�SLIPPINGoutwards and as a rule of thumb needs to be four up to provides a handhold for people getting on and off.s��%NSURE�THAT�LADDERS�ARE�TIED�ON�BOTH stiles to prevent slipping. condition and examined regularly to make sure they are free froms��,ADDERS�USED�MUST�BE�IN�GOOD���condition, adequately secured �LASHED �AND�PLACED�ON�lRM�SURFACE�s��$O�NOT�OVERREACH�IF�YOU�ARE�WORKING�FROM��a ladder, make sure it is long enough and positioned to reach the work safely.s��$O�NOT�CLIMB�OR�WORK�OFF�A�LADDER�UNLESS�YOU�CAN�MAINTAIN��s�-INIMISE�OPENINGS�IN�SCAFFOLDS�THAT�HAVE�BEEN�CREATED�FOR��Ladders should be correctly angled; four up to one out. 14 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 14 12/9/07 11:27:06 s�4OWER�SHOULD�NOT�BE�MOVED�WITH�ANYONE�REMAINING�IN�the structure.s�#LOSE�PLATFORM�ACCESS�DOOR�TO�PREVENT�FALLING�THROUGHs�7ATCH�OUT�FOR�OVERHEAD�POWER�LINES�BEFORE�MOVINGs�$O�NOT�USE�VEHICLES�TO�PUSH�OR�PULL�THE�TOWERs�%NSURE�BRAKES�ARE�APPLIEDs�)F�lTTED�CHECK�THAT�OUTRIGGERS�ARE�SET�CORRECTLY�AND�SECUREDs��4HE�LADDER�SHOULD�BE�ANGLED�TO�MINIMISE�THE�RISK�O� 4;怀〄쀄逅逄瀀outwards and as a rule of thumb needs to be four up to provides a handhold for people getting on and off.s��%NSURE�THAT�LADDERS�ARE�TIED�ON�BOTH stiles to prevent slipping. condition and examined regularly to make sure they are free froms��,ADDERS�USED�MUST�BE�IN�GOOD���condition, adequately secured �LASHED �AND�PLACED�ON�lRM�SURFACE�s��$O�NOT�OVERREACH�IF�YOU�ARE�WORKING�FROM��a ladder, make sure it is long enough and positioned to reach the work safely.s��$O�NOT�CLIMB�OR�WORK�OFF�A�LADDER�UNLESS�YOU�CAN�MAINTAIN��s�-INIMISE�OPENINGS�IN�SCAFFOLDS�THAT�HAVE�BEEN�CREATED�FOR��Ladders should be correctly angled; four up to one out. 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 14 12/9/07 11:27:06 s��$O�NOT�USE�THE�TOP�PLATFORM�OF�A�STEPLADDER�UNLESS�IT�IS��s��%NSURE�STEPLADDERS�ARE�POSITIONED�ON�LEVEL�GROUND�AND��used in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.working in the area below you, or members of the public passing close to the site. Make sure no debris falls from Make sure all necessary precautions are taken as follows:s�"RICK�GUARDS�KEPT�IN�POSITION�ON�SCAFFOLD�LIFTSs�7ASTE�MATERIALS�REMOVED�FORM�SCAFFOLDING�AND�PLACED�s�0ROTECTIVE�FOOT�WEAR�WITH�STEEL�TOE�CAPS��MID SOLES ��supplied and worn at all times.s�3AFETY�HELMETS�TO�BE�WORN�AND�CHIN�STRAP�USED�WHEN��required.s�%NCOURAGE�OTHER�WORKERS�TO�WEAR�SAFETY�HATS�AND���protective footwear. 15 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 15 12/9/07 11:27:06 s��$O�NOT�USE�THE�TOP�PLATFORM�OF�A�STEPLADDER�UNLESS� 0;逅䀀逅　��s��%NSURE�STEPLADDERS�ARE�POSITIONED�ON�LEVEL�GROUND�AND��used in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.working in the area below you, or members of the public passing close to the site. Make sure no debris falls from Make sure all necessary precautions are taken as follows:s�"RICK�GUARDS�KEPT�IN�POSITION�ON�SCAFFOLD�LIFTSs�7ASTE�MATERIALS�REMOVED�FORM�SCAFFOLDING�AND�PLACED�s�0ROTECTIVE�FOOT�WEAR�WITH�STEEL�TOE�CAPS��MID SOLE� 5;　’��supplied and worn at all times.s�3AFETY�HELMETS�TO�BE�WORN�AND�CHIN�STRAP�USED�WHEN��required.s�%NCOURAGE�OTHER�WORKERS�TO�WEAR�SAFETY�HATS�AND���protective footwear. 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 15 12/9/07 11:27:06 You or others could suffer sprains or fractures if you trip over waste including height could result in a serious fall.s�-AKE�SURE�YOUR�WORK�AREA�IS�CLEAN�ANDs�7EAR�SUITABLE�APPROVED�FOOTWEAR�WITHs�#LEAR�UP�AFTER�YOURSELF�AT�INTERVALS�AND�AT�THE�END�OF�the day.s�7ASTE�INCLUDING�BRICK�BANDS�AND�PALLET�DEBRIS�SHOULD�BE��s�#LEAR�UP�SPILLAGES�THAT�YOU�SEE�DONT�WALK�PAST�CLEAN�IT�UPs�3AFELY�STORE�CABLES�TO�HELP�PREVENT�TRIPPINGs�%NSURE�YOU�HAVE�ADEQUATE�LIGHTINGs�2EPORT�ANY�DEFECTS�THAT�YOU�SEE�TO�EQUIPMENT�OR�WORK��s�+EEP�AN�EYE�OUT�FOR�VISITORS�TO�YOUR�WORK�AREAs�!CCESS�AND�EGRESS�STEPS�TO�PLANT�AND�EQUIPMENT�SHOULD�BE��kept clean and any damage reported.s�3AFE�ROUTE�TO�WORKPLACE�AGREED�AND�MAINTAINED�AT�ALL�TIMESs�%NCOURAGE�OTHER�WORKERS�TO�WEAR�SAFETY�FOOTWEAR�WHENEVER��Tripping hazards like these are common on site … report FALLS 16 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 16 12/9/07 11:27:07 You or others could suffer sprains or fractures if you trip over waste including height could result in a serious fall.s�-AKE�SURE�YOUR�WORK�AREA�IS�CLEAN�ANDs�7EAR�SUITABLE�APPROVED�FOOTWEAR�WITHs�#LEAR�UP�AFTER�YOURSELF�AT�INTERVALS�AND�AT�THE�E� 4;䀀怀�the day.s�7ASTE�INCLUDING�BRICK�BANDS�AND�PALLET�DEBRIS�SHOUL� 4;䀀 倀��s�#LEAR�UP�SPILLAGES�THAT�YOU�SEE�DONT�WALK�PAST�CLEAN�IT�UPs�3AFELY�STORE�CABLES�TO�HELP�PREVENT�TRIPPINGs�%NSURE�YOU�HAVE�ADEQUATE�LIGHTINGs�2EPORT�ANY�DEFECTS�THAT�YOU�SEE�TO�EQUIPMENT�OR�WO� 5; 뀀��s�+EEP�AN�EYE�OUT�FOR�VISITORS�TO�YOUR�WORK�AREAs�!CCESS�AND�EGRESS�STEPS�TO�PLANT�AND�EQUIPMENT�SHOULD�BE��kept clean and any damage reported.s�3AFE�ROUTE�TO�WORKPLACE�AGREED�AND�MAINTAINED�AT�ALL�TIMESs�%NCOURAGE�OTHER�WORKERS�TO�WEAR�SAFETY�FOOTWEAR�WH� 4;倄倅怄倅 ��Tripping hazards like these are common on site … report FALLS 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 16 12/9/07 11:27:07 To help prevent foot injuries the following should be s�3AFETY�BOOTS�WITH�STEEL�TOE�CAPSand mid soles should be provideds�7ASTE�DISPOSED�OF�IN�SKIPSs�.AILS�CLINCHED�OR�REMOVED�FROMwaste or stored timber.s�%XPLAIN�TO�OTHERS�THE�NEED�TO���wear safety boots and You could suffer serious or even fatal injuries from vehicles and machines on site … particularly when they are reversing.s�-AKE�SURE�THAT�YOU�ONLY�WALK�TO�YOUR�WORK�AREA�ON�A�SAFE��agreed route.s�2EPORT�TO�YOUR�SUPERVISOR�IF�THIS�ROUTE�BECOMES�BLOCKED�s�7EAR�YOUR�(I�6ISIBILITY�VESTS�AT�ALL�TIMESs�.EVER�USE�YOUR�MOBILE�PHONE�ON�OR�NEAR�A�ROUTE�PROVIDEDfor vehicles or plant as you could be struck or run over.plant unless a proper passenger machine manufacture for this Never approach a machine operator from behind his/her 17 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 17 12/9/07 11:27:07 To help prevent foot injuries the following should be s�3AFETY�BOOTS�WITH�STEEL�TOE�CAPSand mid soles should be provideds�7ASTE�DISPOSED�OF�IN�SKIPSs�.AILS�CLINCHED�OR�REMOVED�FROMwaste or stored timber.s�%XPLAIN�TO�OTHERS�THE�NEED�TO���wear safety boots and You could suffer serious or even fatal injuries from vehicles and machines on site … particularly when they are reversing.s�-AKE�SURE�THAT�YOU�ONLY�WALK�TO�YOUR�WORK�AREA�ON�A�SAFE��agreed route.s�2EPORT�TO�YOUR�SUPERVISOR�IF�THIS�ROUTE�BECOMES�BLOCKED�s�7EAR�YOUR�(I�6ISIBILITY�VESTS�AT�ALL�TIMESs�.EVER�USE�YOUR�MOBILE�PHONE�ON�OR�NEAR�A�ROUTE�PROVIDEDfor vehicles or plant as you could be struck or run over.plant unless a proper passenger machine manufacture for this Never approach a machine operator from behind his/her 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 17 12/9/07 11:27:07 Every year, people are killed or seriously injured when working in excavations. Excavation work has to be properly carried out to prevent accidents. This guide provides advice for those involved Think before you enter an excavation.s�!RE�THE�SIDES�PROTECTED�FROM�COLLAPSE�OR�HAVE�THEY�BEEN��battered back? Do not go into unsupported trenches.s�2EMEMBER�THAT�EVEN�WORK�IN�SHALLOW�TRENCHES�CAN�BE��dangerous. You may have to bend down or kneel in thetrench.s�#OULD�MATERIALS�FALL�INTO�THE�EXCAVATION�OR�ON�TOP�OF�YOUs�#OULD�PEOPLE�ANDOR�VEHICLES�FALL�INTO�THE�EXCAVATIONs�7ILL�YOU�BE�A�SAFE�DISTANCE�FROM�EXCAVATORS�OR�OTHER���s�(AVE�THE�WALLS�BEEN�UNDERMINED�COULD�THEY�COLLAPSE�s�(OW�ARE�YOU�GOING�TO�GET�IN�AND�OUT�SAFELY�HAS�A�LADDER��been provided and secured? Do not climb over the sides of s�!SK�ABOUT�UNDERGROUND�SERVICES�HAS�A�RISK�ASSESSMENT�s�%XHAUST�FUMES�FROM�MACHINERY�CAN�SETTLE�IN�EXCAVATIONS�AS the fumes are heavier than air, you could beovercome by fumes and collapse.s��$O�NOT�SITE�PETROL�OR�DIESEL ENGINED compressors in, or near the edge be ducted away or the area can be EXCAVATIONS 18 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 18 12/9/07 11:27:08 Every year, people are killed or seriously injured when working in excavations. Excavation work has to be properly carried out to prevent accidents. This guide provides advice for those involved Think before you enter an excavation.s�!RE�THE�SIDES�PROTECTED�FROM�COLLAPSE�OR�HAVE�THEY�BEEN��battered back? Do not go into unsupported trenches.s�2EMEMBER�THAT�EVEN�WORK�IN�SHALLOW�TRENCHES�CAN�BE��dangerous. You may have to bend down or kneel in thetrench.s�#OULD�MATERIALS�FALL�INTO�THE�EXCAVATION�OR�ON�TOP� 0;怀逄倁s�#OULD�PEOPLE�ANDOR�VEHICLES�FALL�INTO�THE�EXCAVAT� 4;逄s�7ILL�YOU�BE�A�SAFE�DISTANCE�FROM�EXCAVATORS�OR�OTHER���s�(AVE�THE�WALLS�BEEN�UNDERMINED�COULD�THEY�COLLAPS� 4;倁�s�(OW�ARE�YOU�GOING�TO�GET�IN�AND�OUT�SAFELY�HAS�A�LADDER��been provided and secured? Do not climb over the sides of s�!SK�ABOUT�UNDERGROUND�SERVICES�HAS�A�RISK�ASSESSMENT�s�%XHAUST�FUMES�FROM�MACHINERY�CAN�SETTLE�IN�EXCAVATIONS�AS the fumes are heavier than air, you could beovercome by fumes and collapse.s��$O�NOT�SITE�PETROL�OR�DIESEL ENGINED compressors in, or near the edge be ducted away or the area can be EXCAVATIONS 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 18 12/9/07 11:27:08 s�7EILS�DISEASE�FROM�RATS�URINE�CAN�CAUSE�HEALTH�PROBLEMS��and in extreme cases death, always use the correct type of gloves to protect your hands including wet suits and boots.s�!LWAYS�WEAR�A�HARD�HAT�JUST�IN�CASEs�2EMEMBER�AN�EXCAVATION�CAN�BE�CLASSED�AS�WORKING�AT��height as you could fall into the trench.s��!T�THE�START�OF�EACH�SHIFT�BEFORE�WORK�BEGINSs��!FTER�ANY�EVENT�LIKELY�TO�HAVE�AFFECTED�THE�STRENGTH�OR��s��!FTER�ANY�ACCIDENTAL�FALL�OF�ROCK�EARTH�OR�OTHER�MATERIAL2EMEMBER�THAT�A�CUBIC�METRE�OF�SOIL�WEIGHS�OVER�A�TONNE�!�person buried under this amount in a trench would quickly suffocate & die.-shafts-ceiling voids-tunnels-boilers-sewers-deep excavations-box girders-manholes-cellars and basementsand serious injury if proper control methods are not followed.9OU�SHOULD�NEVER�ENTER�A�CONlNED�SPACE�UNLESS�IT�IS�received adequate training.been carried out, emergency procedures are in place and a 19 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 19 12/9/07 11:27:08 s�7EILS�DISEASE�FROM�RATS�URINE�CAN�CAUSE�HEALTH�PROBLEMS��and in extreme cases death, always use the correct type of gloves to protect your hands including wet suits and boots.s�!LWAYS�WEAR�A�HARD�HAT�JUST�IN�CASEs�2EMEMBER�AN�EXCAVATION�CAN�BE�CLASSED�AS�WORKING�A� 5;䀀��height as you could fall into the trench.s��!T�THE�START�OF�EACH�SHIFT�BEFORE�WORK�BEGINSs��!FTER�ANY�EVENT�LIKELY�TO�HAVE�AFFECTED�THE�STRENGTH�OR��s��!FTER�ANY�ACCIDENTAL�FALL�OF�ROCK�EARTH�OR�OTHER�MATERIAL 2EMEMBER�THAT�A�CUBIC�METRE�OF�SOIL�WEIGHS�OVER�A�TONNE�!�person buried under this amount in a trench would quickly suffocate & die. -shafts-ceiling voids-tunnels-boilers-sewers-deep excavations-box girders-manholes-cellars and basementsand serious injury if proper control methods are not followed.9OU�SHOULD�NEVER�ENTER�A�CONlNED�SPACE�UNLESS�IT�IS� 0;�received adequate training.been carried out, emergency procedures are in place and a 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 19 12/9/07 11:27:08 If no provision has been put in place to rescue you should anything go wrong, do not enter.IN�CONlNED�SPACES�BUT�THOSE�WHO�TRY�TO�RESCUE�THEM�WITHOUT�proper training and equipment.As with excavations, do not site petrol or diesel-engined equipment such as generators or compressors in, or near the or the area can be ventilated.#ONlNED�SPACES�SHOULD�ONLY�BE�ENTERED�IF�A�PERMIT�TO�WORK�about the emergency procedures, has the equipment been adequate and provided by a competent person.Preparing for a safe con“ned space entry 20 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 20 12/9/07 11:27:08 If no provision has been put in place to rescue you should anything go wrong, do not enter.IN�CONlNED�SPACES�BUT�THOSE�WHO�TRY�TO�RESCUE�THEM�WITHOUT�proper training and equipment.As with excavations, do not site petrol or diesel-engined equipment such as generators or compressors in, or near the or the area can be ventilated.#ONlNED�SPACES�SHOULD�ONLY�BE�ENTERED�IF�A�PERMIT�TO�WORK�about the emergency procedures, has the equipment been adequate and provided by a competent person. Preparing for a safe con“ned space entry 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 20 12/9/07 11:27:08 of the body.crystalline silica content. Breathing in respiratory ill health, in particular scarring of the lung tissue (silicosis) which can result in serious breathing DIFlCULTIES�DEPENDING�ON�THE�EXTENT�OF�EXPOSUREMake sure you have been trained in abrasive wheels prior to Goggles should be worn at all times to prevent dust particles entering the eyes. Angle grinders should be replaced by a BLOCK�SPLITTER�THIS�WOULD�REMOVE�THE�RISK�OF�SIGNIlCANT�DUST�exposure.Proper dust extraction equipment should be used, hire companies can provide details on the latest equipment such as wet systems or methods available to prevent dust exposure.Dust masks should be worn when required, all persons using TO�ENSURE�SAFETY�AND�EFlCIENCY DUST & FLYINGPARTICLES 21 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 21 12/9/07 11:27:09 of the body.crystalline silica content. Breathing in respiratory ill health, in particular scarring of the lung tissue (silicosis) which can result in serious breathing DIFlCULTIES�DEPENDING�ON�THE�EXTENT�OF�EXPOSUREMake sure you have been trained in abrasive wheels prior to Goggles should be worn at all times to prevent dust particles entering the eyes. Angle grinders should be replaced by a BLOCK�SPLITTER�THIS�WOULD�REMOVE�THE�RISK�OF�SIGNIlCANT�DUST�exposure.Proper dust extraction equipment should be used, hire companies can provide details on the latest equipment such as wet systems or methods available to prevent dust exposure.Dust masks should be worn when required, all persons using TO�ENSURE�SAFETY�AND�EFlCIENCY DUST & FLYINGPARTICLES 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 21 12/9/07 11:27:09 Noise generated from use of equipment e.g. angle grinder and concrete saw.Workers using grinders or working near others doing so may suffer hearing loss.s�!NGLE�GRINDERS�SHOULD�BE�REPLACED�WITH�block splitters, removing high noise levels from the work. s�/THER�TRADES�USING�GRINDERS�ETC�SHOULD�NOT�� be working close enough to cause problems.s�3UPERVISOR�TO�MONITOR�AND�TALK�TO�SITE�MANAGER�IF�NOISY�work does start close by.s�.OISE�ASSESSMENT�TO�BE�IMPLEMENTED�IF�NOISE�IS�A�PROBLEMs�(EARING�PROTECTION�SHOULD�BE�WORN�AND�MAINTAINEDMake sure you have been trained correctly as you could suffer from back injury and long-term pain if you regularly lift or carry and lifted to scaffold using lifting s�0ROVISION�OF�LIFTINGLOADING�BAY�AGREED�s�"RICKS��BLOCKS�TO�BE�COVERED�WITH�TARPAULIN�WHEN�STORED�ON��site to prevent taking up water. s�3POT�BOARDS�TO�BE�RAISED�WITH�BLOCKS�TO�EASY�WORKINGs�4ROLLEY�TO�BE�USED�FOR�MOVING�LOADS�OF�BRICKS�AROUND�THE��scaffold. s�#HECK�FOR�ANY�BLOCKS�OR�LINTELS�OVER�KG�AND�MAKE�LIFTING�� NOISE MANUALHANDLING 22 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 22 12/9/07 11:27:09 Noise generated from use of equipment e.g. angle grinder and concrete saw.Workers using grinders or working near others doing so may suffer hearing loss.s�!NGLE�GRINDERS�SHOULD�BE�REPLACED�WITH�block splitters, removing high noise levels from the work. s�/THER�TRADES�USING�GRINDERS�ETC�SHOULD�NOT�� be working close enough to cause problems.s�3UPERVISOR�TO�MONITOR�AND�TALK�TO�SITE�MANAGER�IF�� 4;逅々’�work does start close by.s�.OISE�ASSESSMENT�TO�BE�IMPLEMENTED�IF�NOISE�IS�A�P� 5; OBLEMs�(EARING�PROTECTION�SHOULD�BE�WORN�AND�MAINTAINEDMake sure you have been trained correctly as you could suffer from back injury and long-term pain if you regularly lift or carry and lifted to scaffold using lifting s�0ROVISION�OF�LIFTINGLOADING�BAY�AGREED�s�"RICKS��BLOCKS�TO�BE�COVERED�WITH�TARPAULIN�WHEN�STORED�ON��site to prevent taking up water. s�3POT�BOARDS�TO�BE�RAISED�WITH�BLOCKS�TO�EASY�WORKINGs�4ROLLEY�TO�BE�USED�FOR�MOVING�LOADS�OF�BRICKS�AROUND�THE��scaffold. s�#HECK�FOR�ANY�BLOCKS�OR�LINTELS�OVER�KG�AND�MAKE� 0;쀄逄怅䀄逄瀀�� HANDLING 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 22 12/9/07 11:27:09 s�#ONCRETE�LINTELS�COULD�BE�WELL�OVER�KG�SHOULD�BEs�!VOID�AWKWARD�POSTURES�OR�REPETITIVE�TASKS�TAKEfrequent breaks.s�,EARN�SAFE�LIFTING�TECHNIQUESs�+EEP�WORK�AREAS�CLEAR�OF�CLUTTER�AND�EQUIPMENT�s�5SE�AND�MAINTAIN�00%�CORRECTLYs�4HERE�IS�A�RISK�OF�PAIN�OR�INJURY�FROM�WORKING�IN�AWKWARDpositions, performing repetitive tasks, or lifting. Apply the following to help prevent injurys�!VOID�LIFTING�MANUALLY�WHERE�POSSIBLE�USE�A�LIFTING�AID�OR��device where practical to do so.s�"END�YOUR�KNEES�USE�THE�STRONG�LEG�MUSCLES�INSTEAD�OFs�/NE�FOOT�SLIGHTLY�IN�FRONT�OF�THE�OTHER�USE�A�GOOD�STANCE�FORstability. s�+EEP�THE�LOAD�CLOSE�TO�YOUR�BODYs�#HECK�THE�LOAD�FOR�STABILITY�AND�LOOK�OUT�FOR�SHARP�EDGESs�!SSESS�THE�WEIGHT�OF�THE�LOAD�AND�IF�SATISlED�LIFT�SMOOTHLY��dont jerk.s�$ONT�TWIST�YOUR�BODY�USE�YOUR�FEET�TO�CHANGE�DIRECTIONs�,OOK�OUT�FOR�TRIPPING�HAZARDS�PRIOR�TO�LIFTING�OR�CARRYING�Aload, plan you route.s�)F�IN�DOUBT�DONT�LIFT�GET�HELP�OR�SPEAK�TO�YOUR�SUPERVISOR Dont lift this way … you are risking permanent injury 23 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 23 12/9/07 11:27:09 s�#ONCRETE�LINTELS�COULD�BE�WELL�OVER�KG�SHOULD�BEs�!VOID�AWKWARD�POSTURES�OR�REPETITIVE�TASKS�TAKEfrequent breaks.s�,EARN�SAFE�LIFTING�TECHNIQUESs�+EEP�WORK�AREAS�CLEAR�OF�CLUTTER�AND�EQUIPMENT�s�5SE�AND�MAINTAIN�00%�CORRECTLYs�4HERE�IS�A�RISK�OF�PAIN�OR�INJURY�FROM�WORKING�IN�AWKWARDpositions, performing repetitive tasks, or lifting. Apply the following to help prevent injurys�!VOID�LIFTING�MANUALLY�WHERE�POSSIBLE�USE�A�LIFTING�AID�OR��device where practical to do so.s�"END�YOUR�KNEES�USE�THE�STRONG�LEG�MUSCLES�INSTEAD�OFs�/NE�FOOT�SLIGHTLY�IN�FRONT�OF�THE�OTHER�USE�A�GOOD�STANCE�FORstability. s�+EEP�THE�LOAD�CLOSE�TO�YOUR�BODYs�#HECK�THE�LOAD�FOR�STABILITY�AND�LOOK�OUT�FOR�SHAR� 5;�倄䀄瀄倅　s�!SSESS�THE�WEIGHT�OF�THE�LOAD�AND�IF�SATISlED�LIFT� 0;〄퀄䀄耄쀅’��dont jerk.s�$ONT�TWIST�YOUR�BODY�USE�YOUR�FEET�TO�CHANGE�DIRECTIONs�,OOK�OUT�FOR�TRIPPING�HAZARDS�PRIOR�TO�LIFTING�OR�CARRYING�Aload, plan you route.s�)F�IN�DOUBT�DONT�LIFT�GET�HELP�OR�SPEAK�TO�YOUR�SUPERVISOR Dont lift this way … you are risking permanent injury 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 23 12/9/07 11:27:09 visually checked for faults before use, if using electrical powered equipment A�2ESIDUAL�#URRENT�$EVICE�2#$ �Dont use a chisel like this AS�PARTICLES�CAN�mY�OFF�AND�parts of the body, ensure the mushroomed head is ground off safely, using eye protection and grinding in a safe area.Ensure tools are used correctly and as intended by the manufacture, dont get involved in horseplay. Ensure you report any defects and that all equipment is inspected before and after use.Your employer should ensure that a maintenance record is POWER AND HAND TOOLS 24 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 24 12/9/07 11:27:09 visually checked for faults before use, if using electrical powered equipment A�2ESIDUAL�#URRENT�$EVICE�2#$ �Dont use a chisel like this AS�PARTICLES�CAN�mY�OFF�AND�parts of the body, ensure the mushroomed head is ground off safely, using eye protection and grinding in a safe area.Ensure tools are used correctly and as intended by the manufacture, dont get involved in horseplay. Ensure you report any defects and that all equipment is inspected before and after use.Your employer should ensure that a maintenance record is HAND TOOLS 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 24 12/9/07 11:27:09 What is Hand-Arm Vibration?hand-held powered work equipment such as concrete sawsProlonged vibration is known to affect blood vessels, nerves, The main complaint arising from continued vibration from hand tools is Vibration White Finger (VWF), in which surface blood vessels become damaged, resulting in circulatory problems, pain and in the worse cases gangreneWhen Are You at Risk?You are at risk if you regularly use hand-held or hand guided s�#ONCRETE�BREAKERS�CONCRETE�POKERSs�3ANDERS�GRINDERS�DISC�CUTTERSs�(AMMER�DRILLSs�#HIPPING�HAMMERSs�#HAINSAWS�BRUSH�CUTTERS�HEDGE�TRIMMERS�POWEREDs�3CABBLERS�OR�NEEDLE�GUNS VIBRATION (HAV) 25 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 25 12/9/07 11:27:10 What is Hand-Arm Vibration?hand-held powered work equipment such as concrete sawsProlonged vibration is known to affect blood vessels, nerves, The main complaint arising from continued vibration from hand tools is Vibration White Finger (VWF), in which surface blood vessels become damaged, resulting in circulatory problems, pain and in the worse cases gangreneWhen Are You at Risk?You are at risk if you regularly use hand-held or hand guided s�#ONCRETE�BREAKERS�CONCRETE�POKERSs�3ANDERS�GRINDERS�DISC�CUTTERSs�(AMMER�DRILLSs�#HIPPING�HAMMERSs�#HAINSAWS�BRUSH�CUTTERS�HEDGE�TRIMMERS�POWEREDs�3CABBLERS�OR�NEEDLE�GUNS VIBRATION (HAV) 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 25 12/9/07 11:27:10 You are also at risk if you hold work pieces which vibrate while being processed by powered machinery such as pedestal How You Can Help Reduce the RisksIt is your employers responsibility to protect your welfare, but be done in a different way, without using vibrating tools and s��!SK�TO�USE�SUITABLE�LOW VIBRATION�TOOLSs��!LWAYS�USE�THE�RIGHT�TOOL�FOR�EACH�JOB�TO�DO�THE�JOB�MORE��s��#HECK�TOOLS�BEFORE�USING�THEM�TO�MAKE�SURE�THEY�HAVE��been properly maintained and repaired to avoid increased vibration caused by faults or general wear.s��-AKE�SURE�CUTTING�TOOLS�ARE�KEPT�SHARP�SO�THAT�THEY�REMAIN���EFlCIENTs��2EDUCE�THE�AMOUNT�OF�TIME�YOU�USE�A�TOOL�IN�ONE�GO�BY��s��!VOID�GRIPPING�OR�FORCING�A�TOOL�OR�WORK�PIECE�MORE�THAN��s��3TORE�TOOLS�SO�THAT�THEY�DO�NOT�HAVE�VERY�COLD�HANDLES��Encourage good blood circulation by:s��+EEPING�WARM�AND�DRY�WHEN�NECESSARY�WEAR�GLOVES�A��hat, waterproofs and use heating pads if available).s��'IVING�UP�OR�CUTTING�DOWN�ON�SMOKING�BECAUSE�SMOKING��REDUCES�BLOOD�mOWs��-ASSAGING�AND�EXERCISING�YOUR�lNGERS�DURING�WORK�BREAKS 26 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 26 12/9/07 11:27:10 You are also at risk if you hold work pieces which vibrate while being processed by powered machinery such as pedestal How You Can Help Reduce the RisksIt is your employers responsibility to protect your welfare, but be done in a different way, without using vibrating tools and s��!SK�TO�USE�SUITABLE�LOW VIBRATION�TOOLSs��!LWAYS�USE�THE�RIGHT�TOOL�FOR�EACH�JOB�TO�DO�THE�� 4;ꀄ 퀄 E��s��#HECK�TOOLS�BEFORE�USING�THEM�TO�MAKE�SURE�THEY�HAVE��been properly maintained and repaired to avoid increased vibration caused by faults or general wear.s��-AKE�SURE�CUTTING�TOOLS�ARE�KEPT�SHARP�SO�THAT�THEY�REMAIN���EFlCIENTs��2EDUCE�THE�AMOUNT�OF�TIME�YOU�USE�A�TOOL�IN�ONE�GO� 0; ’��s��!VOID�GRIPPING�OR�FORCING�A�TOOL�OR�WORK�PIECE�MORE�THAN��s��3TORE�TOOLS�SO�THAT�THEY�DO�NOT�HAVE�VERY�COLD�HANDLES� 0;��Encourage good blood circulation by:s��+EEPING�WARM�AND�DRY�WHEN�NECESSARY�WEAR�GLOVES�A��hat, waterproofs and use heating pads if available).s��'IVING�UP�OR�CUTTING�DOWN�ON�SMOKING�BECAUSE�SMOKI� 4;瀀��REDUCES�BLOOD�mOWs��-ASSAGING�AND�EXERCISING�YOUR�lNGERS�DURING�WORK�BREAKS 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 26 12/9/07 11:27:10 Electric shock is a major hazard on a volt supplies are used. If 110 volt supply #URRENT�$EVICE�2#$ �CONNECTION�BUT�make sure it is tested.Dont take chances with electrical cables, treat all cables If using powered hand tools make sure that the supply voltage is correct for the All plugs and leads are in good condition and free from defect.Ensure only correct fuses are used no nails.Dont make any temporary repairs, have those that are trained repair all equipment.+EEP�CABLES�OFF�THE�GROUND�WHENEVER�POSSIBLE�DO�NOT�LET�them run through water, wet areas or mud.If cables have to be on the ground ensure that they are protected from damage and not a trip hazard.Do not use extension leads that are still wound on a reel as Do not use insulating tape to cover breaks on a cable, have it repaired, all electrical equipment must be inspected and tested before use. ELECTRICITY 27 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 27 12/9/07 11:27:10 Electric shock is a major hazard on a volt supplies are used. If 110 volt supply #URRENT�$EVICE�2#$ �CONNECTION�BUT�make sure it is tested.Dont take chances with electrical cables, treat all cables If using powered hand tools make sure that the supply voltage is correct for the All plugs and leads are in good condition and free from defect.Ensure only correct fuses are used no nails.Dont make any temporary repairs, have those that are trained repair all equipment.+EEP�CABLES�OFF�THE�GROUND�WHENEVER�POSSIBLE�DO�NOT�LET�them run through water, wet areas or mud.If cables have to be on the ground ensure that they are protected from damage and not a trip hazard.Do not use extension leads that are still wound on a reel as Do not use insulating tape to cover breaks on a cable, have it repaired, all electrical equipment must be inspected and tested before use. 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 27 12/9/07 11:27:10 Too much sunlight is harmful to your skin. In the short term, even mild reddening of the skin from sun exposure is a sign of damage. Sunburn can blister the skin Longer term problems can arise. Too much leathery, mottled and wrinkled. The most serious effect is an increased chance of developing skin cancer.What can you do to protect yourself?s�+EEP�YOUR�SHIRT�ONTOP�ON�s�7EAR�A�HAT�WITH�A�BRIM�OR�A�mAP�THAT�COVERS�THE�EARS�ANDs�3TAY�IN�THE�SHADE�WHENEVER�POSSIBLE�DURING�YOUR�BREAKS��s�5SE�A�HIGH�FACTOR�SUNSCREEN�OF�AT�LEAST�30&�ON�ANY��s�$RINK�PLENTY�OF�WATER�TO�AVOID�DEHYDRATION�s�#HECK�YOUR�SKIN�REGULARLY�FOR�ANY�UNUSUAL�MOLES�OR�SPOTS��3EE�A�DOCTOR�PROMPTLY�IF�YOU�lND�ANYTHING�THAT�IS�CHANGINGin shape, size or color, itching or bleeding. SUNEXPOSURE 28 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 28 12/9/07 11:27:10 Too much sunlight is harmful to your skin. In the short term, even mild reddening of the skin from sun exposure is a sign of damage. Sunburn can blister the skin Longer term problems can arise. Too much leathery, mottled and wrinkled. The most serious effect is an increased chance of developing skin cancer.What can you do to protect yourself?s�+EEP�YOUR�SHIRT�ONTOP�ON�s�7EAR�A�HAT�WITH�A�BRIM�OR�A�mAP�THAT�COVERS�THE�EAR� 5;　င䀀s�3TAY�IN�THE�SHADE�WHENEVER�POSSIBLE�DURING�YOUR�B� 5; EAKS��s�5SE�A�HIGH�FACTOR�SUNSCREEN�OF�AT�LEAST�30&�ON�ANY��s�$RINK�PLENTY�OF�WATER�TO�AVOID�DEHYDRATION�s�#HECK�YOUR�SKIN�REGULARLY�FOR�ANY�UNUSUAL�MOLES�OR�SPOTS��3EE�A�DOCTOR�PROMPTLY�IF�YOU�lND�ANYTHING�THAT�IS�CHANGINGin shape, size or color, itching or bleeding. EXPOSURE 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 28 12/9/07 11:27:10 Failure to follow this advice could lead to death or injury.First aid provision is all about treating an injured person immediately and contacting the emergency services if need be. In extreme cases it saves lives.THE�CANTEEN�AND�OTHER�PROMINENT�POSITION��2EMEMBER�THE�event of an injury or health problem on site. SLINGING ANDLOADHANDLING FIRSTAID 29 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 29 12/9/07 11:27:10 Failure to follow this advice could lead to death or injury.First aid provision is all about treating an injured person immediately and contacting the emergency services if need be. In extreme cases it saves lives.THE�CANTEEN�AND�OTHER�PROMINENT�POSITION��2EMEMBER�THE�event of an injury or health problem on site. LOADHANDLING AID 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 29 12/9/07 11:27:10 of the industry, encouraging and advising the industry to train and ensuring the adequate provision and standard of training in the industry.Through Legislation CITB is authorised to raise a levy from the The levy is redistributed through CITB grants, and other activities including training advice & support from the regional advisory team, recruitment & education, research, standards & QUALIlCATION�DEVELOPMENT��SPECIALIST�TRAINING�THROUGH�#)4"S�training division TASC.Construction Industry Training BoardNutts Corner Training Centre�$UNDROD�2OAD�#RUMLIN�#O�!NTRIM�"4��32Tel: 028 9082 5466Email: info@citbni.org.ukwww.citbni.org.uk 30 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 30 12/9/07 11:27:10 of the industry, encouraging and advising the industry to train and ensuring the adequate provision and standard of training in the industry.Through Legislation CITB is authorised to raise a levy from the The levy is redistributed through CITB grants, and other activities including training advice & support from the regional advisory team, recruitment & education, research, standards & QUALIlCATION�DEVELOPMENT��SPECIALIST�TRAINING�THROUGH�#)4"S�training division TASC.Construction Industry Training BoardNutts Corner Training Centre�$UNDROD�2OAD�#RUMLIN�#O�!NTRIM�"4��32Tel: 028 9082 5466Email: info@citbni.org.ukwww.citbni.org.uk 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 30 12/9/07 11:27:10 CONSTRUCTION�INDUSTRY�)T�IS�5+ WIDE�AND�REPRESENTS�THE�WHOLE�industry from professional consultancies to major contractors ConstructionSkills is working to deliver a safe, professional AND�FULLY�QUALIlED�CONSTRUCTION�WORKFORCE�NI and CITB -ConstructionSkills. All three partners are and training solutions through the Sector Skills Agreement for construction. We work to negotiate the best partnership standards and we develop the skills products and services Practioners Group assisted with the development and content For information on HSENIs health & safety publications Tel: 028 9024 3249Email: hseni@detni.gov.uk 31 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 31 12/9/07 11:27:10 CONSTRUCTION�INDUSTRY�)T�IS�5+ WIDE�AND�REPRESENTS�THE�WHOLE�industry from professional consultancies to major contractors ConstructionSkills is working to deliver a safe, professional AND�FULLY�QUALIlED�CONSTRUCTION�WORKFORCE�NI and CITB -ConstructionSkills. All three partners are and training solutions through the Sector Skills Agreement for construction. We work to negotiate the best partnership standards and we develop the skills products and services Practioners Group assisted with the development and content For information on HSENIs health & safety publications Tel: 028 9024 3249Email: hseni@detni.gov.uk 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 31 12/9/07 11:27:10 Notes 32 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 32 12/9/07 11:27:10 Notes 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 32 12/9/07 11:27:10 Disclaimer: The information contained in this publication is intended to provide general guidance only and should not be regarded as a complete and authoritative statement of the law. CITB does not accept or assume any liability or duty of care for any actions taken as a result of the information contained within this publication. You should not act upon the INFORMATION�CONTAINED�IN�THIS�PUBLICATION�WITHOUT�OBTAINING�SPECIlC�PROFESSIONAL�ADVICE�.O�representation or warranty (express or implied) is given as to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained in this publication, and, to the extent permitted by law, CITB, its members, employees and agents do not accept or assume any liability, responsibility or duty of care for any consequences of you or anyone else acting, or refraining to act, in reliance on the information contained in this publication or for any decision based on it. 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 33 12/9/07 11:27:11 Disclaimer: The information contained in this publication is intended to provide general guidance only and should not be regarded as a complete and authoritative statement of the law. CITB does not accept or assume any liability or duty of care for any actions taken as a result of the information contained within this publication. You should not act upon the INFORMATION�CONTAINED�IN�THIS�PUBLICATION�WITHOUT�OBTAINING�SPECIlC�PROFESSIONAL�ADVICE�.O�representation or warranty (express or implied) is given as to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained in this publication, and, to the extent permitted by law, CITB, its members, employees and agents do not accept or assume any liability, responsibility or duty of care for any consequences of you or anyone else acting, or refraining to act, in reliance on the information contained in this publication or for any decision based on it. 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 33 12/9/07 11:27:11 Construction Industry Training BoardNutts Corner Training Centre�$UNDROD�2OAD�Tel: 028 9082 5466Email: info@citbni.org.ukwww.citbni.org.uk ConstructionIndustryT 52048-CITB Bricklayer Book(B).indd 34 12/9/07 11:27:11 Construction Industry Training BoardNutts Corner Training Centre�$UNDROD�2OAD�Tel: 028 9082 5466Email: info@citbni.org.ukwww.citbni.org.uk CITB - Construction Skills, CIC and CITB (NI) are working in partnership as the Sector Skills Council for Construction.Part of the Skills for Business Network of 25 employer led Sector Skills Councils. ConstructionIndustryT 12/9/07 11:27:11