Parabolic Trough, Linear Fresnel, Power Tower A Technology Comparison - PDF document

Parabolic Trough, Linear Fresnel, Power Tower A Technology Comparison CSP with storage and fossil hybridisation can provide all 3 components of value 2000 h � 95 % 200 h Cost of electricity for CSP system with and without storage m) 0.15 Cooling tower91.8%Steam cycle6.1%Mirror washing2.0%Potable water0.1% Water consumption Washing (no recycling yet) Cleaning of CSP collectors on Variations can be in the order Glass mirrors have proven high robustness �over 25 years in operation DLR has established accelerated aging methods for specific reflector types Dry cooling Recycling 6-8 07)11<η7)0/<η2)3η(η/'1 4-6 η1/)16<η04)06<η2)3η(η/'1 8-12 www.DLR.de • Chart 5 (T=T] Flat Plate Collector Parabolic Trough Solar Tower th,Carnot* Efficiency Potential of CSP Systems www.DLR.de • Chart 6 Market Situation Ground Requirements www.DLR.de • Chart 7 Power Block steam cycle turbine, condenser 30-280 MW Heat Transfer parabolic trough collector field 200’000 - 2’200’000 m2 www.solarpaces.org www.DLR.de • Chart 8 Line Concentrators –how do they work? www.DLR.de • Chart 9 Line Concentrating Collectors 1-dimensional curvature of reflector short focal distance mirror bending required receiver length equals collector length absorber typically a tube heat flux rates 0.01 – 0.1 MW/m² absorber temperature limited to 400-600°C absorber insulation required (glass) parallel rows, only horizontal installation economical heat transfer fluids: synthetic oil, water/steam, molten salt, (CO2) hydraulic and thermodynamic design to operating conditions heat storage possible net solar-to-electric peak efficiency 20-28% process heat applications performance modeling is state of the art www.DLR.de • Chart 10 Linear Fresnel Collector – Working Scheme receiver mirror rows absorber tube secondary concentrator insulation glass window www.DLR.de • Chart 11 Linear Fresnel Collector - Properties off-axis, astigmatism gaps to reduce shading/blocking flat glass, light weight less standardized than troughs max theoretical concentration and optical efficiency lower than troughs collector width up to 20 m focal length up to 30 m fix receiver distance between rows 30-40% capture 55-65% of DNI two-axis incidence angle impact low performance on sun rise/set, high at noon low wind forces (low height) first commercial plants (Novatec, Areva, ) www.DLR.de • Chart 12 What is the difference between Parabolic Trough and 56%26%4%2%12%64%9%43%15%3%2%5%64%9%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%opt. VerlusteWärmeverlusteunteres Dumpingoberes DumpingPowerblock Verluste LFK Verluste Eurotrough www.DLR.de • Chart 13 www.DLR.de • Chart 14 Why more dumping losses? 01234567891011121314151617181920212223local time 15. Jun max. power dumping min. power dumping used power DNI 01234567891011121314151617181920212223energy in kWh 15. Jun max. power dumping min. power dumping used power www.DLR.de • Chart 15 www.DLR.de • Chart 16 www.DLR.de • Chart 17 LCOE of Parabolic Trough (Algeria 2400kWh/m www.DLR.de • Chart 18 Concept of Tower Technology www.DLR.de • Chart 19 Solar Tower www.DLR.de • Chart 20 Solar Tower – Steam, Molten Salt Tonopah-NV 110 MW SolarReserve Lancaster-CA 5 / 46 MW eSolar www.DLR.de • Chart 21 Heliostats www.DLR.de • Chart 22 Receiver Concepts www.DLR.de • Chart 23 Solar Tower, molten salt – Gemasolar 20 MW Torresol Spain Storage TankCold SaltStorage TankHot SaltConventionalEPGSSteam Generator www.DLR.de • Chart 24 Ivenpah Solarturm Projekt Example Reference Plant Molten-Salt Tower 100 MW www.DLR.de • Chart 26 Transmitter Atmospheric Extinction between Heliostat and Receiver www.DLR.de • Chart 27 Aerosol Concentration close to ground surface www.DLR.de • Chart 28 Modularity & Scalability Slide 29 / Solar Tower www.DLR.de • Chart 30 DLR - Institute of Solar Research www.dlr.de/sf www.dlr.de/tt GIZ Renewable Energy W�eek CSP� Overview Dr. Eckhard Luepfert, DLR Institute of Solar Research, Berlin 09/2012 www.DLR.de • Chart 31 Solar Tower Jülich – Solair/HitRec – Air as Heat Transfer Fluid 1.5 MW DLR / KA München Receiver Steam Generator Hot Air 730º Cold Air 110º www.DLR.de • Chart 32