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Physical versus Chemical Properties Physical versus Chemical Properties

Physical versus Chemical Properties - PowerPoint Presentation

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Physical versus Chemical Properties - PPT Presentation

Chapter 2 Section 2 Describing matter Matter anything that has mass and takes up space Mass the amount of matter in something Volume the amount of space something occupies Which of the following is matter ID: 639300

properties chemical change physical chemical properties physical change density substance property water point matter mass volume melting observed changing identity liquid amount

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Slide1

Physical versus Chemical Properties

Chapter 2 Section 2

Describing matterSlide2

Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space

Mass – the amount of matter in something

Volume – the amount of space something occupiesWhich of the following is matter?A car?A box?You?

Reviewing MATTERSlide3

What is a property?

Property

: a characteristic of a substance that can be observedSlide4

Physical Property

Physical property: a property that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance.

Examples: luster

malleability: the ability to be hammered into a thin sheet

ductility: the ability to be stretched into a wire

melting point

boiling point

density

solubility

specific heatSlide5

Physical

Properties

ColorShape Size DensityMelting PointBoiling PointSlide6

Example of Physical Property

The physical properties of sodium metal can be observed or measured. It is a soft, lustrous, silver-colored metal with a relatively low melting point and low density.

Hardness, color, melting point and density are all physical properties.Slide7

Special Physical Properties

Melting point

: the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid at a given pressure water = 0oCBoiling point: the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas at a given pressure

water = 100

o

CSlide8

Thermal

Density

Solubility

State

Ductility

MalleabilitySlide9

Chemical Properties

Chemical property

: a property that can only be observed by changing the identity of the substanceSlide10

Chemical Properties

Examples of Chemical Properties

Reactivity with oxygenNonreactivity with oxygenFlammabilityNonflammabilitySlide11

Chemical PropertiesSlide12

Comparison of Physical

and Chemical PropertiesSlide13

Density

Density

is the amount of mass per unit of volume.Density can be used to identify a substance.The density of water is 1.0g/mLSlide14

Density Calculations

Calculations:

D = m/VEx: A cube has a mass of 2.8 g and occupies a volume of 3.67 ml. Would this object float or sink in water?Mass = 2.8 g Volume = 3.67 mLD = 2.8g/3.67 mL

= 0.76 g/

mL

This object would float in water because its density is less than water (1.0 g/

mL

).Slide15

More Density Calculations

Ex: A liquid has a mass of 25.6 g and a volume of 31.6 mL. Use the table below to identify the substance.

M=25.6 g V=31.6 mL

D = 25.6 g/31.6 mL

D= 0.81 g/mL

The substance is ethanol.Slide16

Physical Change

Physical change is the change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance.

Imagine breaking a piece of chalk into two pieces. What are you changing? What is not being changed?Physical changes do not change the identity of the matter involvedSlide17

Physical Change

Freezing water for ice cubes

Sanding a piece of woodCutting your hairCrushing an aluminum canBending a paper clipMixing oil and vinegarSlide18

Chemical Change

Chemical change happens when two or more substance are changed into one or more new substances with different properties.

Properties of a substance describe which chemical changes will or will not happenChemical change and properties are not the same, a change is the process in which it changesSlide19

Chemical Change

Examples of Chemical Changes

Soured milkEffervescent tabletsStatue of LibertyBaking a cakeSlide20

Chemical Change

Clues that chemical change has occurred

Changes in colorHeatFizzing and foamingProduction of sound or light