Sigmund Freud 1856 1939 Austrian psychiatrist and founder of psychoanalysis Dreams The unconscious activities of our mind Sexual desires Guilt FEAR Shameful experiences The Conscious Mind ID: 375885
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Slide1
Psychoanalysis Criticism Slide2
Sigmund Freud
1856 - 1939
Austrian psychiatrist and founder of
psychoanalysis
The
unconscious
activities of our mindSlide3
The
Unconscious
Mind
Freud believed humans were forced to unconsciously repress fears and desires deemed
as unacceptable by society. Discussion: What fears or desires would society deem as inappropriate?
Freud believed our unconscious was revealed through our dreams. The idea being in our sleep we are more emotionally unstable, and our repressed fears and desires could come to surface.Slide4
Sigmund Freud
1856 - 1939
Austrian psychiatrist and founder of
psychoanalysis
Dreams
The
unconscious
activities of our mind
Sexual desires
Guilt
Fear
Shameful
experiencesSlide5
Archetypes in Dream
Freud’s theories were similar to Jung’s, and believed certain symbols or situations that appeared in dreams were specific representations of our unconscious.
However, Freud’s theory focused on the inner workings or an individual’s
psyche
rather than a collective unconscious. Although everyone’s formative history is different in its particulars, there are basic recurrent patterns of development for most people. There particulars and patterns have lasting effects. Slide6
Dream Interpretation
Falling
:
this dream is common in people who are having a major life problem with work, relationships, or elsewhere.Showing up school/work naked
: experts largely agree that this dream represents vulnerability and anxiety.Being chased: this dream is supposed to encourage the dreamer to finally face a problem that has been hanging over his or her head.
Flying: the dream encourages a person to let go of current issues and allow things to ”fall naturally into place.” Similarly, flying is a sign that there is an out of control situation in real life.Slide7
Personality Model
P
sychoanalytic
critics
also analyze characters in literature using Freud’s famous Personality model.Personality structure:Id
–unconscious part of the psyche that serves as a storehouse of our desires, wishes, and fears. Superego – the conscience, criticizes and represses his or her drives, fantasies, feelings, and actions.Ego – the thinking part of both id and superego, the “reality”Slide8
The Beginning of
Psychoanalytic Criticism
Freud’s belief in the significance of dreams leads to the study of psychoanalysis
Psychoanalytical criticism believes that repressed fears and desires can also be
revealed in creative arts – such as in literature“A work of literature is a fantasy or a dream
”Slide9
Analyzing Literature (in Depth)
Manifest content – the surface of a work
Latent content – the
repressed desire/fear
(hidden)because writers often express their (or their characters’) unconscious desires and anxieties indirectly in textPsychoanalytic literary critics try to expose the latent content of a workSlide10
Common Strategies
Attempt to apply a developmental concept to the work, the author, or one of
the
characters—sexual awakening, dependence/independence conflict, inferiority complex, separation/desertion
anxiety, etc. Common Symbols: Oedipus/Electra ComplexPhallic Symbols Slide11
Questions?Slide12
Young Goodman Brown
You will work in small groups to first discuss and analyze “Young Goodman Brown” through an archetypal perspective.
Then, you will work together to analyze Goodman’s journey into the forest as a manifest representation of repressed desires & fears by considering the story through a psychoanalytical lens. Slide13
Activity
“I have had a dream past the wit of man to say what dream it was. Man is but an ass if he go about [to] expound this dream…I will get Peter Quince to write a ballad of this dream.”
(IV,
i, 215-224)
With your knowledge of psychoanalysis and dreams, your group will be assigned to analyze the “dream” of one of the characters. Using your notes, determine the latent desires of the character that is revealed through their actions and dialogue in the forest/dream.Slide14
Chapter from “How to Read Literature like a Professor”
Pan’s Labyrinth
Phallic Symbols
Say Anything The Use of ForceSlide15