How did we get the Bible Bible JeromeThe Divine Library GreeksChanged from Biblia The Books to Bible The Book Scriptures vs Scripture Canon Measuring rod or ruler The entire list that belongs in the Bible ID: 530154
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Slide1
The Canon
How did we get the Bible?Slide2
Bible
Jerome-The Divine Library
Greeks-Changed from
Biblia
(The Books) to Bible (The Book).
Scriptures
vs
ScriptureSlide3
Canon
Measuring rod or ruler
The entire list that belongs in the Bible
Jesus accepted OT Scripture as well as Jews so earliest Christians have always had Scripture
God inspired through Holy Spirit
Written down by man
Inerrant-Original manuscript is without errorsSlide4
Necessity
Much of Christian doctrine addressed certain situations but not entire doctrine
Early writers felt the need to address this issue and started forming the canonSlide5
Old Testament
10 Commandments-Written by the finger of God (Exodus 31:18) and preserved in the ark of the covenant
Deuteronomy and Joshua (Joshua 24:26)
Ezra, Nehemiah, and Esther were the last books recorded
Nehemiah went to Jerusalem around 445 and Ezra around 458 B.C.Slide6
Apocrypha
Collection of 12 -15 books accepted by Roman Catholic church and eastern Orthodox
Jews never accepted this books
Earliest Christians were against it but the use grew until the Reformation
Jerome included them in his Latin vulgate which gave them credence even though he said they were not in the canon but books of the churchSlide7
Apocrypha
In 1546 at the Council of Trent, the Catholic church confirmed the Apocrypha as books of the Bible
This council was a response to Martin Luther’s teachings
Apocrypha contains readings that contradict the Bible such as alms giving as atonement for sinsSlide8
New Testament
Primarily writings of the apostles
The apostles have authority to write down the Words of God
This leaves 5 books: Mark, Luke, Acts, Hebrews, and Jude
Mark, Luke, and Acts were acknowledged very early
Hebrews was accepted due to suspected Pauline authorshipSlide9
New Testament
NT-The only source we have for Christianity
Original manuscripts were written on papyrus scrolls
No original manuscripts exist
Book form (codex) was developed around 4
th
century
8 writers make up NTSlide10
New Testament
Gospels-Not biographies-4 Different portraits
Synoptic Gospels (see together)
Letters are occasional
Do the gospels contradict?
1
st
century audience in NT
Different GenresSlide11
Canon
In 367 The 39
th
Paschal Letter of Athanasius contained an exact list of the 27 books in NT
In 397, the western portion of the Mediterranean world accepted those as well. Slide12
Order used in Church at Rome AD 200
4 Gospels, Acts, Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, 1 and 2 Thessalonians, 1 and 2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon, James, 1 and
2 John
,
Jude
, Revelation of John
Also-Revelation of Peter, Wisdom of Solomon
To be used in private but not public worship-The Shepherd of
HermasSlide13
AD 250 used by Origen
4
Gospels, Acts, Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, 1 and 2 Thessalonians, 1 and 2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon,
1 Peter, 1 John, Revelation of John
Disputed-Hebrews, James, 2 Peter, 2 and 3 John, The Shepherd oh
Hermas
, Letter of Barnabas, Teaching of the Twelve Apostles, Gospel of the HebrewsSlide14
AD 300 used by Eusebius
4 Gospels, Acts, Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, 1 and 2 Thessalonians, 1 and 2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon, 1 Peter, 1 John, Revelation of John
Disputed but well known-James, 2 Peter, 2 and 3 John, Jude
To be excluded-Shepherd of
Hermas
, Letter of Barnabas, Gospel of the Hebrews, Revelation of Peter, Acts of Peter,
DidacheSlide15
AD 350 Council of Carthage
The NT as we know itSlide16
Questions
Will any ever be added? Revelation 22:18-19
Do we have the right books?
Does it matter who wrote them?
1 Peter has terrific Greek, Pastorals have different vocabulary than Paul’s other writings, Was the apostle John the author of Revelation?Slide17
How do we read OT?
Narrative-Don’t read too much theology into narrative (allegorizing)
Narrative-Not always good guys (
S
olomon and Samson)
Law-Read in context
Poetry-1/3 of the Bible but don’t read same as RomansSlide18
Poetry
Figurative imagery-My tears have been my food day and night-Psalm 42:3
Gordon Fee-The Psalms give us examples of how to sing and talk to God.
Much of the prophets is poetry
Only 2% of OT prophecy
is messianic