Purpose of gait aids Increase area of support maintain center of gravity over support area Redistribute weightbearing area Canes Body weight transmission is 2025 OA hip OA knee Impaired balance ID: 928598
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Gait Aids Gait aids" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Gait Aids
Slide2Gait aids
Slide3Purpose of gait aids
Increase area of support, maintain center of gravity over support area
Redistribute weight-bearing area
Slide4Canes
Body weight transmission is 20-25%
Slide5OA hip
OA knee
Impaired balanceetc
Slide6Slide7Cane gait
Slide8Crutches
Body weight transmission
bilateral axillary crutches = 80% of BW
nonaxillary crutches = 40-50% of BW
Slide9Unilateral non/partial weight bearing eg fracture, amputee -> 3-point gait
Bilateral partial weight bearing or incoordination/ataxia -> 2 or 4-point gait
Bilateral weakness of lower extremities eg paraplegia -> swing-to or through gait
Slide10Non-axillary crutches
Lofstrand/forearm crutches
Platform crutch
Wooden forearm orthosis (Kenny stick)Triceps weakness orthoses (arm orthoses) eg Warm Spring, Everett, Canadian crutch
Slide11Axillary crutches
Crutch length :
Supine:
measure anterior axillary fold to point 10-15 centemeters from heelHand grip: measure from elbow to tip of thumbSit: tips of finger to other side of elbow Hand grip: measure from elbow to tip of thumbStand: measure anterior axillary fold to point 15 centemeters anterolaterally from toe plus 2-3 inchesHand grip : at ulnar styloid level, elbow flexed 15-30 degree , 2-3 FB from apex of axillaCrutch palsy = Compressive radial neuropathies
Slide12Axillary
crutches
Fracture lower limb
Impaired balance Incomplete paraplegiaAmputate patientetc
Slide13Lofstrand
/forearm crutches
Hand grip : at ulnar styloid level, elbow flexed 15-30 2-3 FB from elbow
Forarm cuff: below olecranon 2.5-4 centimeters
Slide14Platform crutch
Elbow flexion contracture
Inability to weaght bearing at forarm, wrist, hand
Weak hand grip
Slide15Walker
stable base of support
For patients requiring maximum assistance with balance, uncoordinated
Slide16Walker
Hand grip : at ulnar styloid level, elbow flexed 15-30 degree
Slide17Walkerette/wheeled walker
Add wheels to front legs for who lack coordination or power in upper limbs
Slide18Gait pattern
Alternating (reciprocal gait pattern)
Point gait (4,3,2)Cane gait
Walker gaitSwing (silmultaneous gait pattern)
Slide19Slide20Four-point gait
Ataxia or incoordination
Slowest, difficulty
Slide21Three-point gait
for lower limb fracture or amputation
Slide22Two-point gait
Faster than 4-point gait but less stability
Decrease both lower limbs weight-bearing
Slide23Cane gait
Slide24Swing-through gait
Slide25Swing-to gait
Slide26Drag to gait
Slide27Weight bearing
Non weight bearing
Toe touch weight bearing
Partial weight bearingweight bearing as tolerateFull weight bearingไม่ลงน้ำหนักเลยลงน้ำหนักไม่เกินร้อยละ 20 ของน้ำหนักตัวลงน้ำหนักร้อยละ 20-50 ของน้ำหนักตัวลงน้ำหนักร้อยละ 50-100 ของน้ำหนักตัวลงน้ำหนักไม่เกินร้อยละ 100 ของน้ำหนักตัว
Slide28Wheelchair
Slide29GOAL
Maximize functional independence with activities of daily living
Minimize the risk of secondary injuries
Correct or accommodate skeletal deformities
Assure comfort
Promote positive and unobtrusive self image
Slide30COMPONENT
Slide31MEASUREMENT: seat width
Seat width is determined by measuring across the widest point of the hips (with clothing and any braces or orthosis). Once this distance is obtained,
add one inch (1")
to this measurement
Slide32MEASUREMENT: seat depth
Measuring from the dorsal buttocks to the popliteal fossa and
subtracting 2–3
"
from this measurement. If the backrest is cushioned, the thickness of the cushion must be added
If too shallow, ischial pressure is increased and stability of the chair is decreased
Slide33MEASUREMENT: seat height
Measuring from the bottom of the heel to the posterior thigh, then
adding 2"
to compensate for leg rest clearance.
Consider the cushion thickness and its relative additional height. Foam cushions compress to 1/2 their normal size
Variations on seat height measurements occur in the foot drive, or hemiplegic chair, which is designed with the seat closer to the floor to allow the unaffected leg to propel the chai
Slide34MEASUREMENT: backrest
The scapula should not hang over the chair. This is measured by the distance from the bottom of the buttocks to the level of the spine of the scapula.
If too high -> interfere shoulder movement. If it is too low, not provide adequate trunk stability
Slide35Classification
manual wheelchairs
standard W/C
standard hemi W/C (One arm drive W/C)Sport W/CReclining W/CStanding W/CAmputee W/Clight weight W/Cheavy duty W/CPower wheelchairsAll time/ power assistedDrive selection
scooter
Indoor W/C
Slide36Slide37Standard Wheelchair
Slide38Standard hemi Wheelchair (One arm drive Wheelchair)
Slide39Sport Wheelchair
Slide40Reclining Wheelchair
Slide41Standing Wheelchair
Slide42Slide43COMPONENT: safety equipment
Seat belt
Brakes or parking locks
Antitipping device
fixed or removable
prevent the chair from falling backwards
front-rigging to avoid forward tipping.
mostly used in AKA, spinal cord injury
Two types of parking brakes.
A:
toggle type.
B:
lever type. Variations of these two types of brakes are available
Slide44Geared and Power-Assisted Wheelchairs
Slide45Thank You