Pipkin class. Femoral head - PowerPoint Presentation

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Pipkin class. Femoral head fractuer

Fracture neck

of femur

is one of the most common injuries observed in the elderly leading to morbidity & mortality Majority of these patients (80%) were women. femal/male ratio is 3/1

Risk Factors ;-

1)Osteoporosis

; decrease bone mass per unit body volume Common in elderly women after menopause

2)High speed energy trauma

; as car accident , falling from height ,usually in young people

3)Pathalogical fractuers

,due to carcinoma, infection ,poliomyelitis

. 

((Gardens ))Classification of Fr. Neck femuer .

Into four sub groups grade 1: incomplete impacted fracture of the femoral neck.

grade 2: complete undisplaced fracture. 

grade

3

: complete fracture with moderate displacement.(Post .attachment) 

grade

4

:

severely displaced fracture

.

Classification

Gardens class. Into four sub groups

Read more:

Fracture Neck of Femur - Symptoms and Diagnosis

http://www.medindia.net/surgicalprocedures/fracture-neck-of-femur-symptoms-and-diagnosis.htm#ixzz15qJhPcf7

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Hip fracture is very common in the elderly (women comprise 80% of the cases) who have tripped and fallen while walking. The main symptoms include:-

• Pain in the hip region ,eccomyosis inner side of the thig• Difficulty & Inability in walking

The diagnosis is confirmed by X-ray of the hip joint in both anterior and lateral

position A 3D reconstruction shows the angle and displacement of the fracture. Bone scann indicated in pathological fractures

Treatment

There are, primarily, two treatment strategies for displaced fractures of the femoral neck.

• The fractures can be fixed by Multiple cancellous screws , pin plate,Dynamic hip screw ,

This is especially so in the case of young patients suffering from inter-trochanteric fracture or high basil fractuers

• Surgically, a prosthesis can be used to replace the head and neck of the femur, in the case of femoral trans-cervical fractures, particularly in the elderly. The replacement is said to be

complete

(Total hip replacement) when the acetabulum, head and neck are replaced and is

partial

when the head and neck alone are replaced. (Austin moore replacement)

Non-union of the fracture

,

avascular necrosis

and the resulting

Osteo-arthritis

are the

complications

associated with fixing and reducing a fracture. Further surgeries might become inevitable if necrosis develops. Dislocation is a complication usually associated with the replacement method.