11 16 20 Coccidiosis Causal agent Eimeria protozoa Incubation time 4 8 days Infection route Ingestion of feed water litter or soil infected with sporulated coccidial oocysts Clinical ID: 941492
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11 - 16 - 20 Know the facts to keep your birds safe! Coccidiosis Causal agent : Eimeria protozoa Incubation time : 4 - 8 days Infection route : Ingestion of feed, water, litter, or soil infected with sporulated coccidial oocysts Clinical signs: • Dehydration • Ruffled feathers • Anemia • Listlessness, weakness • Retraction of head and neck • Drop in egg production • Mucoid or bloody diarrhea (in more pathogenic disease) Prevention and control : • Anticoccidial compounds in feed • Immunization with commercial coccidiosis vaccines • Moderate natural exposure to develop immunity to the specific coccidial species in the environment Treatment : • V itamin A in feed or water may reduce mortality. • V itamin K in feed or water may speed up recovery. Infectious Coryza Causal agent : Avibacterium paragallinarum bacteria Incubation time : 2 - 3 days Infection route : • Inhalation of bacteria in the air • Ingestion of contaminated feed or water • Transmission by contaminated fomites • Recovered birds are often carriers. Clinical signs: • Conju n ctivitis • Oculonasal discharge • Swelling of infraorbital sinuses • Edema of the face • Respiratory noises • Reduced feed consumption • Drop in egg production • Reduced growth • High morbidity Prevention and control : • Vaccination with commercial bacterins (protects only for the serotype in the vaccine) • Depopulate to remove all infected carrier birds • Leave area vacant for 2 - 3 weeks after thorough cleaning and disinfection. Treatment : • To alleviate severity, antibiotics in feed or drinking water can be used. • Birds respond to treatment if treatment is administered correct l y. Scab - like lesion on infected laying hen Ruffled feathers on bird ill with coccidiosis ( http://www.poultrydvm.com/condition/c occidiosis )