President or Prime Minister? - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

President or Prime Minister?Slide2

President or Prime Minister?

U.S. President Z. Taylor Russian President V. PutinSlide3

President or Prime MinisterSlide4

President or Prime Minister

UK prime ministers Sir G. Kneller and David CameronSlide5

President or Prime Minister?Slide6

President or Prime Minister?

Prime Minister Theresa May President of France Emmanuel Macron Slide7

President or Prime Minister?Slide8

President or Prime Minister?

US Presidents John Quincy Adams and John TylerSlide9

The Executive and the Legislature:

Presidential or Parliamentary?Slide10

Branches of Government

In the United States our government is formed like a tree

. There are branches that develop to identify the different jobs the government is

responsible

for carrying out.Slide11

Legislative branch

The Legislative branch of government is responsible for

making the laws for a country, state or town.In the US, our national lawmaking body is the

Congress

. In the United Kingdom their legislative branch is the

Parliament

.Slide12

Executive Branch

The Executive branch is responsible for carrying out or enforcing

the laws.The head of the Executive branch is considered the

head

of the country.Slide13

Judicial Branch

The judicial branch is set up in a country to have courts interpret

the laws and settle disputes.Slide14

How Do They Work Together?

Depending on the country, governments may be either set up as presidential ,

parliamentary or a combination of both forms One type

separates

the branches while the other combines them.Slide15

Presidential Government

The United States has the

presidential form of government

.

This

form

of government

is based on a separation

of powers.

The

executive

branch of government is

kept

completely separate from the

legislative

branch. Slide16

Presidential Restrictions

The President is elected by voters

. The members of

the

legislature

are also elected.

Usually the President and

legislators

are elected for

fixed

terms.

The

President

and

all government officials appointed by the

President,

are

prohibited

from serving in the legislature

while

serving in the executive branch.Slide17

Opposition

If the President’s party is not the majority party in

Congress, a “divided government” occurs. The executive and legislative branches come

under

the control of

opposing

parties.

This makes it hard

to pass legislation or to take

other actions. Each branch checks the other.Slide18

Whom else?

In addition to the United States, other countries with the presidential system of government include

Argentina, Brazil, Chile,

Mexico

and

South Korea.

President Enrique Peña NietoSlide19

Parliamentary Government

In a

parliamentary

government, there is

no

direct election of the executive branch by voters.

Voters

only

elect the members of parliament (the legislature).

Then the members of

parliament

elect the head of the executive branch—known as the “

prime minister

.”

The prime minister in turn selects other members of parliament to head executive

departments

and to serve on the

cabinet

. Slide20

Branches overlap

In this system of government, members of the majority party in the

legislature are placed in charge of the

executive

branch.

Since they also remain in the

legislature

, these ministers are available to explain their policies and to

answer

questions to other legislators at any time.Slide21

Prime Minister

A prime minister does not usually serve for a fixed term

of office. A prime minister serves for as long as he or she has the

confidence

of parliament

.

If a member of parliament believes the prime minister

no

longer has the

support

of parliament, the

member

calls for a “vote of no confidence.” If the prime

minister

loses the vote, the prime minister and the

cabinet

officers must

resign

their offices.Slide22

Working together

Because the Prime Minister is the leader

of the majority party in Parliament, there is never any

divided

government in which the executive

and

legislative branches are controlled by

different parties.

Passage

of legislation is

easier

because

the Prime Minister is the leader of the

majority

party in

parliament and they share his

views

.Slide23

In the UK…

The United Kingdom has a

parliamentary

form of

government

.

During

a general election, voters elect the

members

of the House of

Commons

(the lower house

of

Parliament).

These

members then choose the leader

of

the majority party in the House of Commons as

Prime

Minister

.

If

no party has a majority, then several

parties

will act together in a

coalition

government.

In the summer of 2017 no party had a

majority but the Conservative party joined

with the DUP, formed a coalition and

stayed in power.Slide24

Staying in power

The British Prime Minister then

chooses

other members

to act as

cabinet

ministers.

The

Prime

Minister

and cabinet remain in office until they

resign

, lose “a vote of no

confidence

,” or

lose

in a

general

election. Slide25

How long are you staying

Members of Parliament hold their seats until the

Prime

Minister calls another

general

election.

These are

held at least once every

five

years, but can be

more

often.

In

a general election,

every

seat in the

House

of

Commons

is up for election at once.Slide26

Whom else

?

Other countries with parliamentary systems include

Bangladesh

,

Canada

, Ethiopia,

Germany, India,

Ireland

, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, South Africa

,

Thailand

and

TurkeySlide27

The Combo deal

A few countries have tried to combine the parliamentary

and presidential forms of government.

France

,

for

example, has both an elected president and an appointed prime minister.

The

President serves for a

period

of

five

years. The President appoints the Prime

Minister

from the

majority

party in the French

legislature

—the National Assembly

.Slide28

Two Heads

The French President and Prime Minister share the duties of government.

If the Prime Minister loses control of the National

Assembly

, the French President must appoint a new

Prime

Minister from the new

majority party. Slide29

Whom Else?

Other countries with both a President and Prime Minister include Cameroon

, Kazakhstan, Peru, Russia and Uganda.