Rels 300 Nurs 330 5 November 2014 300330 appleby 1 httpwwwcartoonstockcomdirectoryaartificialinseminationasp Infertility Affects approximately 1 out of every 8 some say 6 couples in Canada ID: 317188
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Considering infertility Rels 300 / Nurs 3305 November 2014
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(http://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/a/artificial_insemination.asp )Slide2
InfertilityAffects approximately 1 out of every 8 (some say 6) couples in CanadaMedically defined as inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourseIncidence is lower for women between the ages of 18 and 29, and greater for women between 30 and 44May be broadened to include people who desire to have children, but who are not in stable heterosexual relationships – e.g., single persons, lesbian women or couples, gay males or couples300/330 - appleby
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Medical causes of infertilitySexually transmitted infectionsSmoking (both women and men)Delayed childbearingExposure to harmful agentsWorkplace and environmental toxic substancesAlcohol and substance useWeight (obesity and malnourishment), eating disorders, exercise, stressMedical interventions
Endometriosis
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Specific Reproductive Causes of InfertilityFEMALE FACTORS:Blocked fallopian tubes
Irregular or absent ovulation
Endometriosis Cervical irregularities, e.g
., hostile cervical mucusUterine fibroids or polypsHormonal imbalances
Early menopause
Age (+ 35)
STI history
Cancer treatments (chemo, radiation, surgery)
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Male factors in infertilityLow sperm counts, or no spermLow motility rates / low rate of movement Abnormal morphology of sperm / physical abnormalitiesSTI historyHormonal imbalancesCancer treatments: chemo, radiation or surgery300/330 - appleby
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Male or female factors?30% of infertile couples are infertile due to male causes40% are infertile due to female causes20% are infertile due to a mix of male and female factors10% - no specific cause of infertility can be found
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Responding to InfertilityAdoptionDo you have an adopted child in your family?What was the process for adopting this child?How is this child treated in your family?How does this child feel about being adopted?What are the best things about adoption?Are there any down-sides to adoption?
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Why not adoption?What reasons do individuals or couples have for rejecting adoption as a solution to their infertility?Personal reasons?Social reasons?Biological reasons?Genetic reasons?Additional considerations?300/330 - appleby
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Is infertility a medical condition?There are medical conditions that contribute to infertility There are reproductive technologies that correct, overcome or circumvent the medical conditionHowever, many reproductive technologies result in babies for infertile persons or couples without addressing the cause of infertility300/330 - appleby9Slide10
How is success measured?Success in overcoming the medical condition of infertility is measured by the provision of a childWith a series of interventions that become increasingly technological, male and female infertility factors are largely circumvented, rather than correctedReproductive services arose within and are aligned with research agenda designed to ultimately create human life outside of the human bodyMinimal primary research is being done on the medical condition of infertility
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Social dimensions of infertilityWhy do individuals and couples desire to have children?
Divine commandment to “be fruitful and multiply”
To provide a future for a religious, racial or cultural communityTo ensure a genetic heritage for future generations
As evidence of mature and responsible adult statusTo demonstrate or strengthen a couple’s love
To satisfy a deep hunger or longing for a baby
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(5:23) https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/on-infertile-ground--5 1 in 6 couples face infertility. Most suffer in silence,too ashamed to tell friends and family.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8JfK_4u80nY
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“Motherhood and Infertility: Viewing Motherhood through the Lens of Infertility” by Miriam Ulrich &
Ann
Weatherall
(Feminism Psychology August 2000 [10:3]
323-336)
“Reasons
for wanting children included motherhood as ‘natural instinct’, as ‘a stage in the development of a relationship’ and as ‘social expectation’. These were used to construct motherhood as physical, psychological and social completeness and fulfilment for women. Consequently, infertility was experienced as
guilt, inadequacy and failure
, reinforced by the language used to describe infertility
.”
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Reproductive rightsDo individuals/couples have a right to reproduce?Is this a universal human right, like the right to life?
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Reproductive rightsA person’s or couple’s inability to become pregnant should be understood as:
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Yes, the right to reproduce is a universal human right, because…
No, the right to reproduce is not a universal human right, because…
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http://www.bbc.com/news/health-29485996; 4 October 2014 First womb-transplant baby bornBy James Gallagher Health editor, BBC News
“A woman in Sweden has given birth to a baby boy using a transplanted womb, in a medical first, doctors report
.”
IVF to produce 11 embryos, which were frozen
Uterus donated by
a friend in her
60s
Drugs
used to
suppress the immune
system
1 year after
transplant,
doctors transferred
one of the frozen embryos
to the woman’s womb
Due to toxicity of immunosuppressant drugs, uterus will later be removed
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The baby will "give hope" to those wanting
children,
say
the transplant teamSlide17
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/10/141007092110.htm World's first child born after uterus transplantationOctober 7, 2014; University
of Gothenburg
“The uterus transplantation research project at the University of Gothenburg [in Sweden] started in 1999.”
9 women have received uterine transplants from live donors – mostly family members, some friends
7 successful, 2 not successful
Other women still trying for successful pregnancy and birth
What would cause a woman not to have a uterus?
Why would some women choose this experimental treatment instead of adopting or using a surrogate mother?
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