Blair W Weikel MPH PhD student¹ S Klawetter PhD LCSW² SL Bourque MD MSCS ¹ KE Hannan MD MSCS ¹ K Roybal PhD MSW MA³ M Soondarotok MSW CSWA² M St Pierre MLS⁴ YS Fraiman ID: 1045057
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1. Defining an Infant’s Race and Ethnicity: A Systematic ReviewBlair W Weikel, MPH PhD student¹; S Klawetter, PhD LCSW²; SL Bourque, MD MSCS ¹; KE Hannan, MD MSCS ¹; K Roybal, PhD MSW MA³; M Soondarotok, MSW CSWA²; M St. Pierre, MLS⁴; YS Fraiman, MD MPH⁵; SS Hwang, MD MPH¹¹Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine; ²School of Social Work, Portland State University; ³School of Social Work, University of Denver; ⁴Children’s Hospital Colorado; ⁵Department of Neonatology, Harvard Medical School IntroductionResultsStudy SelectionConclusionsIn the US, racial and ethnic categorization has historically served to perpetuate a hierarchyThe current purpose of collecting race and ethnicity in healthcare and at a population level is (hopefully) to measure and understand inequitiesGold Standard: Self-reported demographicsLack of policies: US birth and death certificates are not used universally; every hospital collects this data differently, many have no specific processDiscordance in infant race and ethnicity data is common across data sourcesInfants of color were most likely to have discordant dataOverwhelmingly infants of color were misclassified as WhiteFarley: mortality rates for infant of color underestimatedKennedy: American Indian infant mortality underestimated by 43% using death certificates vs self-reportRacial and ethnic misclassification of infants leads to inaccurate measurements and reporting of infant morbidity and mortality, often underestimating burden in minoritized populations while overestimating it in the non-Hispanic/Latinx white population.A commitment must be made at all levels to accurately represent populations if we are going to successfully decrease health disparities, starting at birthThe Problem:Government records are used to calculate perinatal population-level health outcomes. If the underlying data is wrong, these estimates are problematicObjectives:Identify methods for capturing infant race and ethnicity dataAssess concordance between approachesTypes of StudiesLinked Birth-Death CertificatesBirth Certificates and SurveysBirth Certificates and Government/Health Administrative RecordsBirth Certificates Racial Classification AlgorithmsWeikel BW, Klawetter S, Bourque SL, et al. Defining an Infant’s Race and Ethnicity: A Systematic Review. Pediatrics. 2022;151(2):e2022058756