Analyzing time use and travel in three generation households Kelcie M Ralph Michael J Smart Brian D Taylor Background Despite significant increases in employment over the past halfcentury women still ID: 184388
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Slide1
A helping hand: Analyzing time use and travel in three-generation households
Kelcie M. Ralph
Michael J. Smart
Brian D. TaylorSlide2
BackgroundDespite significant increases in employment over the past half-century, women still do the bulk of household and child-serving travel
Household-serving trips
> commute
trips Slide3
MotivationMultigenerational households are becoming more prevalent
Grandmothers help with housework
Nearly
five hours
each day on average Slide4
How does life differ for mothers in three-generation households?Slide5
A single person from each household completes a 24-hour activity diary
American Time Use Survey
2003-2012Slide6
Parent
Parent
Child
Child
Grand-parentSlide7
Two-generation householdsn
=26,682
Young parent
(middle generation
age 19 or younger)
Traditional three-generation
n
=1,067
Older grandparent
(oldest generation
a
ge 80 or over)
Types of three-generation householdsSlide8
Household labor
Sleep
Paid labor
Leisure
Measuring time useSlide9
Measuring travelSlide10
Travel to care for children
Work
School
Dentist
Grocery
Child-serving trip
Chauffeur
tripSlide11
Commute
Work
School
Work
SchoolSlide12
Travel for any purpose
Mode
Measuring travelSlide13
Minutes or count
Dichotomous
Negative binomial regression
Logistic
Dependent variableSlide14
Control variables
Number of children and age of youngest child
Race/ethnicity and immigrant status
Survey year and day of week
Age of woman by decade
College
degreeSlide15
resultsSlide16Slide17Slide18Slide19Slide20
More sustainable travel patterns?
Enable working women to use
less flexible but more
sustainable modes
Grandmothers’ trips are less likely to be at the peak time and peak directionSlide21
What about the children?
20% more
child-serving and chauffeuring
trips per child in
three-generation householdsSlide22
A recapHaving a live-in grandmothers’ help:Frees up time for more work and relaxation
Reduces chauffeuring, lengthens commutes
Increases trips for childrenSlide23
Thank youKelcie M. Ralph kmralph@g.ucla.edu
Co-authors: Brian D. Taylor and Michael J. Smart