ALGERIA Presented by - PowerPoint Presentation

ALGERIA Presented by Nadia; Lynd a ; Bouziane

الجزائر   Arabic الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية Berber Tagduda Tadzayrit Tamagdayt Taɣerfant   French République algérienne démocratique et populaire English People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria

Algeria ( Arabic: الجزائر‎, French:  Algérie), Berber: Dzayer, ⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻⵔ, officially: the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria) is a country in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast. Its capital and most populous city is Algiers . The country's name derives from the city of  Algiers . The most common etymology links the city name to  al- Jazā'ir  ( الجزائر , "The Islands"), a truncated form of the city's older name  Jazā'ir Banī Mazghanna  ( جزائر بني مزغنة , "Islands of the Mazghanna Tribe  employed by medieval geographers such as  al- Idrisi . Others [ who? ]  trace it to  Ldzayer , the  Maghrebi Arabic and   Berber  for "Algeria" possibly related to the   Zirid Dynasty   King  Ziri ngs .

The territory of today's Algeria was the home of many ancient cultures and civilizations, including Aterian  and Capsian cultures. Its area has known many empires and dynasties, including ancient Berber Numidians,  Carthaginians,Romans,  Vandals, Byzantines, Arab Umayyads,  Fatimids, Berber Almohads and later  Turkish  Ottomans.

Algeria is a semi presidential republic consisting of 48 provinces and 1541 communes. With a population exceeding 37 million, it is the 34th most populated country on Earth. Its economy is oil based and Sonatrach, the national oil company, is the largest company in Africa . Algeria has the second largest army in Africa, after Egypt, and has  Russia and China as strategic allies, and arms furnisher.[

With a total area of 2,381,741 square kilometres Algeria is the tenth-largest country in the world and the largest in Africa. The country is bordered in the northeast by Tunisia , in the east by Libya, in the west by Morocco, in the  southwest by Western Sahara , Mauritania, and Mali, in the southeast by Niger , and in the north by the Mediterranean Sea . As of 2012, Algeria has an estimated population of 37.1 million. Algeria is a member of the  African Union , the  Arab League ,  OPEC and the  United Nations , and is a founding member of the  Arab Maghreb Union .  

In  economics , the  Dutch disease  is the apparent relationship between the increase in exploitation of  natural resources  and a decline in the  manufacturing sector . The mechanism is that an increase in revenues from natural resources (or inflows of foreign aid) will  make  a given nation's currency stronger compared to that of other nations (manifest in an  exchange rate ), resulting in the nation's other exports becoming more expensive for other countries to  buy , making the manufacturing sector less  competitive . While it most often refers to natural resource discovery, it can also refer to "any development that results in a large inflow of  foreign currency , including a sharp surge in natural resource prices,  foreign assistance , and  foreign direct investment ". [1] The term was coined in 1977 by  The Economist  to describe the decline of the manufacturing sector in the  Netherlands  after the discovery of a large  natural gas   field  in 1959. [2]

Tourism Le musée national du Bardo d’Alger:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rnARpQ_VREM There are several UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Algeria ] includingTipasa, a Phoenician and later Roman town is located on the Mediterranean shore about 80 km west of Algiers.The modern town, founded in 1857, is remarkable chiefly for its sandy beach, and ancient ruins http://www.africanworldheritagesites.org/cultural-places/frontiers-of-the-roman-empire/tipaza.html

Le Djémila the Beautiful one, is a mountain village in Algeria, near the northern coast east of Algiers, where some of the best preserved Berbero -Roman ruins in North Africa are found . It is situated in the region bordering the Constantinois and Petite Kabylie (Basse Kabylie). In 1982, Djémila became a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its unique adaptation of Roman architecture to a mountain environment . Significant buildings in Djémila include a theatre , two fora, temples, basilicas , arches, streets , and houses . The exceptionally well preserved ruins surround the forum of the Harsh , a large paved square with an entry marked by a majestic arch. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Of8e9oOAfco

Timgad   Timgad (called Thamugas or Tamugadi in old Berber) was a Roman colonial town in the Aurès Mountains of Algeria , founded by the Emperor Trajan around AD 100. Located in modern- day Algeria , about 35 km east of the town of Batna, the ruins are noteworthy for representing one of the best extant examples of the grid plan as used in Roman city planning. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fEZn7hxbnLU

M'Zab Valley   a limestone valley containing a large urbanized oasis; The M'zab or Mzab , is a region of the northern Sahara, in the Ghardaïa wilaya , an administrative division similar to a province, of Algeria . It is located 600 km (370 mi) south of Algiers and there are approximately 360,000 inhabitants . The Mozabites (" At Mzab") are a branch of a large Berber tribe , who lived in large areas of middle southern Algeria . Many Tifinagh letters and symbols are engraved around the Mzab Valley . http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRB5EZe_7Ms

Casbah   Casbah of Algiers is an important citadel . The Kasbah of Algiers is an outstanding example of a historic Maghreb city having had extensive influence on town -planning in the western part of the Mediterranean and sub - Saharan Africa . Indeed , located on the Mediterranean coast , the site was inhabited at least from the 6th century BC when a Phoenician trading post was established there .  The term Kasbah, that originally designated the highest point of the medina during the Zirid era , today applies to the ensemble of the old town of El Djazair , within the boundaries marked by the ramparts and built at the end of the 16th century , dating back to the Ottoman period .   In this living environment where nearly 50,000 people reside , very interesting traditional houses , palaces, hammams, mosques and various souks are still conserved ,

Tassili n'Ajjer   The only natural World Heritage Sites is the Tassili n'Ajjer, a mountain range.Tassili n'Ajjer meaning "Plateau of the Rivers"; is a mountain range in the Algerian section of the Sahara Desert . It is a vast plateau in south - east Algeria at the borders of Libya and Niger, covering an area of 72,000 km 2 . With 8 million square kilometers, this desert is a really a fascination for the tourists . The rocky walls everything an enormous painting group improbable (more than 5,000) done on the stone. there were representations of giraffes, gigantic elephants with the tube in stop, hipopótamos , animals and humanoides figures. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vcQCRBnnuuM Art:

T w Artist painter :   Baya was born at Bordj el- Kiffan in Algeria in 1931, to a poor family, and she never attended school. Baya was a self- taught artist : she started making animals and human figures out of clay as early as 1943. In 1947, sixteen - year - old Baya had an exhibition, at the Galerie Adrien Maeght in Paris, which brought her to the attention of André Breton and Pablo Picasso. It is said that Picasso was so impressed by her art that he invited her to his country home and watched as she worked with clay . Picasso, who spent his entire life learning how to paint like a child, was fascinated by the art and spontaneity of the Algerian woman artist, Baya Mahieddine . However, later on, in 1954, Algerian women became his exotic subjects in his series, Women of Algiers.

  Baya was categorized as a surrealist artist, and her art was interpreted by the surrealists as a fantasy and fairy tale of unreal reality. They went as far as to include her name in the “General Dictionary of Surrealism and Its Surroundings .” Other art critics classify Baya’s work as naïve art. Baya rejected classifying her art as surrealist and/or as naïve art or imposing any Western definitions and terminology on it . She said it was simply Baya’s !

  http://www.google.ca/search?hl=fr&site=imghp&tbm=isch&source=hp&biw=1440&bih=698&q=baya+artiste+peintre&oq=baya+artiste&gs_l=img.1.0.0l2j0i24.2668.6412.0.8393.12.7.0.5.5.0.156.827.3j4.7.0...0.0...1ac.1.4.img.DxQgDFnUg8U

Les femmes d’Alger by Picasso Algerians in traditional clothes

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bMjrRpC2VEs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i7onvXjsiNY

Algerian Gastronomy  Algerian cuisine like all other regional cooking can best be described as the culmination of its geographical location, religious and ethnic background, and its rich history. The ethnic and geographical make-up of the country makes Algerian food a hybridization of both Mediterranean and Middle Eastern cuisine. Also, due to the homogeneous nature of Algeria, the national cuisine is heavily inspired by Arab-Berber influences. This influence can be seen in the use of dried fruits, stews, and lamb. Among the Arab-Berber foods, Turkish (Ottoman) and French influences can also be seen through pastries and spices. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M5THcFXGtyI

Algerian Music   Music in Algeria in general offers a rich diversity of genre, popular music ( Shaabi ), Arabo- Andalusian music (Malouf San'aa , Gharnati , etc. ..) music classical Arabic , Bedouin , Berber music (Kabyle, Shawi , Tuareg , Etc. ..), Rai ... Sha - bii is , in North African countries, folk music; in Algeria , however , it refers to a style of recent urban popular music, of which the best known performer was El Hajj Muhammad El Anka considered like the Grand Master of Andalusian classical music. True styles of folk music include hofii , a form of female vocal music, and zindalii , from Constantine.

Chaabi : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-6WAVUzDMAw Musique Andalouse : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jRQbAZ1atvI Tlemcen Hawzi : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cFh-_yqGD3M Kabyle  : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mu6M4XJxP7c Rai: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=snQ9sb7lsgA Algerian Jewellery : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j4ko4UZJIhU http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WPAapX0d2eE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fW6wf8uEL-Q Different Algerian dances: Algeriers : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aCpdwyTwc0k Chaoui : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zUurDdJPj3o Kabylie : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LjWS5T8t0Vk

ASSIA DJEBAR (1936) Une femme algérienne universelle

Assia Djebar, à l’Académie Française

Pourquoi ce choix pour vous parler de l’Algérie ? Parce que l’Algérie terre de lettres et de métissages depuis l’antiquité, tour à tour judaïsée, christianisée et islamisée, a produit de grands penseurs, de grands écrivain(e)s ST Augustin, Ibn Khaldoun, et plus près de nous, Albert Camus, Mouloud Feraoun, Kateb Yacine, Mohamed Dib, Jean Amrouche, Rachid Mimouni, Tahar Djaout  Et aussi, Fadhma Ait Mansour Amrouche, Taos Amrouche, Djamila DEBECHE, Myriam BEN, Isabelle EBERHARDT, Maissa Bey, Nina Bouraoui, Leila Sebbar…

Si j’ai choisi Assia Djebar, c’est parce qu’elle nous parle de l’Algérie et des femmes des anciennes générations, de leurs combats et de leurs espoirs avec un regard sensible, jamais voyeur, dans une langue magnifique. Son écriture nous donne accès au monde des femmes et à l’âme algérienne. .

Assia Djebar  is the pen-name of Fatima-Zohra Imalayen  (born 30 June 1936), an Algerian novelist, translator and filmmaker. Most of her works deal with obstacles faced by women, and she is noted for her  feminist  stance. She is "frequently associated with women's writing movements, her novels are clearly focused on the creation of a genealogy of Algerian women, and her political stance is virulently anti-patriarchal as much as it is anti-colonial." Her life :

Djebar is considered to be one of North Africa 's pre-eminent and most influential writers. She was elected to the Académie française  on 16 June 2005, the first writer from the Maghreb to achieve such recognition. For the entire body of her work she was awarded the 1996 Neustadt International Prize for Literature

Assia Djebar was born in Cherchell, a coastal town near Algiers from  Berber descent. Her family lived in a little village nearby called Mouzaïaville. There, she attended the primary school where her father taught  French. She later attended a boarding school in Blida. In 1955, Djebar became the first Algerian woman to be accepted at the  École Normale Supérieure , an elite Parisian college.

Port de Cherchell, sa ville de naissance

Cherchell, la place du marché

Blida, la ville où elle étudia au lycée

Alger, la ville où elle vécut adulte

In 1957, she published her first novel, La Soif  ("The Thirst"). Fearing her father's disapproval, she had it published under the pen name  Assia Djebar. Another book, Les Impatients , followed the next year. Also in 1958, she and Ahmed Ould-Rouïs began a marriage that would eventually end in divorce. In 1962, Djebar published Les Enfants du Nouveau Monde, and followed that in 1967 with Les Alouettes Naïves. She remarried in 1980, to the Algerian poet  Malek Alloula . The couple lives in  Paris ,  France . In 2005, Djebar was accepted into the  Académie Française , a prestigious institution tasked with guarding the heritage of the  French language . She is currently a professor of Francophone literature at  New York University .  

Awards universal algerian woman

In 1996, Djebar won the prestigious  Neustadt International Prize for Literature  for her contribution to  world literature . The following year, she took home the  Yourcenar Prize . In 2000, she won the  Peace Prize of the German Book Trade .

Works universal algerian woman

La Soif , 1957 Les impatients , 1958 Les Enfants du Nouveau Monde , 1962 Les Alouettes naïves , 1967 Poème pour une Algérie heureuse , 1969 Rouge l'aube L'Amour, la fantasia , 1985 (translated as  Fantasia: An Algerian Cavalcade , Heinemann 1993) Ombre sultane  1987 (translated by Dorothy Blair as  A Sister to Scheherazade , , Heinemann 1987)

Loin de Médine , (translated by Dorothy Blair as  Far from Medina  1991), Far from Medina  ( French :  Loin de Médine ) is a 1991 novel by the Algerian writer  Assia Djebar . The story revolves around a group of women contemporary with the Islamic prophet  Muhammad . An English translation by Dorothy S. Blair was published through Quartet Books in 1994. Vaste est la prison , 1995 (translated by Betsy Wing as  So Vast the Prison: A Novel , , 2001) Le blanc de l'Algérie , 1996.  tr.  Algerian White , 2002 Oran, langue morte , 1997 (translated by Tegan Raleigh as  The Tongue's Blood Does Not Run Dry: Algerian Stories , , 2006) Les Nuits de Strasbourg , 1997

Femmes d'Alger dans leur appartement   (translated by Marjolijn de Jager as  Women of Algiers in Their Apartment , 2002) La femme sans sépulture , 2002 La disparition de la langue française , 2003 "Nulle part dans la maison de mon père", 2008 Cinema La Nouba des femmes du Mont Chenoua , 1977 La Zerda ou les chants de l'oubli , 1979  

http://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.180234812008775.19969.133674969998093&type=3 photos exceptionelles alger http://www.ina.fr/video/2289468001/assia-djebar-a-propos-de-son-livre-la-femme-sans-sepulture-video.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rTid3V6D3gI film la zerda ou les chants de l’oubli http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8JiNYyvWWk chants et femmes algériennes http://www.academie-francaise.fr/les-immortels/assia-djebar http://assiadjebar.canalblog.com/ http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x7bgvi_assia-djebar_webcam#.USqLrKJg9mo http://www.lettres-et-arts.net/litteratures_etrangeres_et_francophones/30-amour_fantasia_assia_djebarhttp://www.lettres-et-arts.net/litteratures_etrangeres_et_francophones/30-amour_fantasia_assia_djebar