Southern Nevada Fire Operations SNFO SNFO Hostile MCI Policy In 2011 the Clark County Fire Department was like most first response agencies across the US when it came to responding to an active shooter situation ID: 576012
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Slide1Slide2
Hostile MCI Response Policy
Southern Nevada Fire Operations (SNFO)Slide3
SNFO Hostile MCI Policy
In 2011 the Clark County Fire Department was like most first response agencies across the U.S. when it came to responding to an active shooter situation.
We were unprepared:No plan.
No multi-agency, multi-discipline training or policies.Slide4
SNFO Hostile MCI Policy
As these events continued to become more common across the country there was a growing sense of urgency within not only our organization but all of our local first response agencies.
No one knew:When will it happen here?How will we respond?
How should we prepare?Slide5
SNFO Hostile MCI Policy
Fortunately a few key things had taken place in recent years that helped us bridge some of the gaps we were facing.
The most notable gap was the FDs interactions with local law enforcement (LE).Slide6
SNFO Hostile MCI Policy
First piece: Southern Nevada Counter Terrorism Center (SNCTC) Fusion Center.
One of two Fusion Centers in Nevada.CCFD staffs a Fire Captain in the Fusion Center (modified duty) to act as a liaison between LE at all levels.We had our foot in the door in regards to improving relationships with LE.Slide7
SNFO Hostile MCI Policy
Second piece: Southern Nevada Fire Operations
Working group that has its roots all the way back to 2002 when some captains from the local FD heavy rescue teams banned together in an effort to improve relationships between teams and increase the response capabilities available to the community.Slide8
SNFO Hostile MCI Policy
Since then those captains have moved up in their respective organizations and in doing so brought those relationships and successes with them.
The end result is SNFO.
Projects accomplished:RIT Operations, common SOPs, high-rise firefighting plan, tactical work sheets, valley wide multi-agency training and coordination.Slide9
SNFO Hostile MCI Policy
Given the success of the SNFO group the decision was made to use that same format to address an Active Shooter Policy. Slide10
MACTAC – quick note
Multiple Assault Counter Terrorism Action Capabilities.
LE’s plan for engaging assailants who are actively killing in multiple locations.Very good plan.They are very well trained and prepared.Been around for several yearsHowever, no FD/EMS involvement.They assumed we would just follow them into a building to fight a fire or deal with patients during one an event like this.Slide11
SNFO Hostile MCI Policy
In late 2011 the SNFO Active Shooter committee was formed.
Now referred to as the SNFO Hostile MCI Committee.For the first time a SNFO working group had participation from:LEHealth DistrictMilitarySeveral other specialty personnelSlide12
SNFO Hostile MCI Policy
The SNFO Active Shooter Committee worked diligently over the course of three years to arrive at our final policy.
Hurdles encountered:No current template to refer to.Communications.Unified Command with LE.Firefighter resistance.Developing and holding hands-on training. Slide13
Clearing the Hurdles
No current template to refer to.
When reaching out we found that most everyone else was in the same place we were….Conceptual plans began to come together.Shared and received experiences from other departments across the country that were working on the same problem.Those conceptual plans morphed constantly because of trial and error.Slide14
Clearing the Hurdles
Communications:
Common radio frequencies:Existed but LE did not have the fleet maps.Cant even talk to each other.LE IC trying to talk to everyone:Quickly became overwhelmed.Terminologies:ICS terms:
LE had never used Div/Grp/Branch etc.Other terms:Later slideSlide15
Clearing the Hurdles
Unified Command with LE:
Training side by side.Tactical worksheets.Showing the benefits of accountability.Communications (our radios).Discipline for teams (stay together no matter what).Slide16
Clearing the Hurdles
Firefighter resistance
Like any other thing we do.Risk a lot to save a lot.Provide safety given the use of SOPs, training and coordination.Hands on drills with LE partners.Ballistic PPE.Slide17
Clearing the Hurdles
Developing and testing ideas via hands-on training.
Multiple venues used.Several concepts failed.Crews were very disappointed in what we were doing.Eventually some common positive experiences were found and leaders from both FD & LE were gelling.The rough edges were smoothed out and a policy came to life.Slide18
Tactical Worksheet
The following slide is an example of a ICS worksheet to be used in the class.
Like any ICS worksheet it is not set in stone, only an example of what might develop.Filling of all the Command Staff positions would not be an initial priority.Slide19
Unified Command
Law Enforcement / Fire Department
Liaison
Public Information
Safety
Staging
LE (SGT / LT)
Assault Branch
LE (SGT / LT)
Perimeter Branch
LE
/
FD
(BC)
Force Protection Branch
LE
/
FD
(BC)
Transfer Branch
FD (BC/CO)
Medical Branch
FD (BC)
Fire Branch
SWAT
ARMOR
Team 1
Team 2
Team 1
Team 2
Triage
Treatment
Transport
Fire Medical
Team 1
Team 2Slide20
Final Training Push
During the Spring of 2014 the final draft of the policy was out and training with our local LE partners was beginning.
CCFD was to begin our training on June 11th.Other departments were just wrapping up their training.However June 8th changed everything.Slide21
Murder of two Metro Police Officers
On this Sunday afternoon two suspects intent on killing police officers succeeded
.Ambush in a pizza parlor.Wal-Mart shooting.
Our policy was tested.Even before we had officially rolled it out.Force Protection 1 was deployed and removed the female suspect who was still alive.Slide22
Moving on as a community
To date training has been completed for all the SNV Fire Departments:
CCFD, LVFR, HFD, NLVFD, BCFD, MFD and Bullhead AZ FD.Approximately 1800 FD personnel across 8,000 square miles.LE agencies involved in the process:LVMPD, NLVFD, NHP, HPD, BCPD, Tribal PD, FBI, UNLV, Nellis AFB and CCSD.Slide23
Terms
Assault Teams.
Force Protection.Hostile MCI Kits.Sift and Sort.Transfer Teams.Clean/Dirty area.Slide24
Assault Teams
1st priority is to neutralize the threat
The 1
st
arriving units from LE will form up an Assault Team to quickly enter the building and neutralize the threat! Command mode for us FD types would be “FAST ATTACK”Slide25
Force Protection
Teams provide care while in the “Warm Zone”, where threat is at a minimum, but not totally ruled out. LE will be providing for your security with a minimum of two officers. Slide26
Force Protection Make-up
Only after Unified Command has been established
will a Force Protection Team be assembled.
Make up will be the followingMinimum of 2 LE personnel (Force Protection element)Minimum of 3 FD personnel (one being a
CO, and one being a Paramedic)FP Teams Shall take a minimum of 2 Hostile MCI Kits into the Warm Zone.FD C
O responsible for communications with command. Command will provide a briefing prior to entry and cover:Team Leader and Call SignWho they are reporting toRadio Channel
Entry Point
Any other special considerationsSlide27
Hostile MCI Medical Kits
The equipment list was developed by FD personnel and Trauma Doctors from the Special Operations Medical Associations.
Crews entering as part of a Force Protection Team will carry Hostile MCI kits with:
Chest seals
3 ¼” 14G catheters for chest decompression
TourniquetsNPAsBasic bandage suppliesTags:
Orange
BlackSlide28
Sift and Sort
Term used to describe the actions of the Force Protection Teams
Sifting & Sorting is not triage.
F
ormal Triage will be performed in an exterior medical area.
Categories of patients:Walking Wounded (no tag)
Litter (marked with an
Orange
tag)
Expectant (marked with
Black
tag)Slide29
Transfer Teams
At the same time Force Protection Teams are formed, Command should assemble a Transfer Team(s) to move victims to a CCP or to the exterior medical area for Triage, Treatment, & Transport.
Teams consist of any combination of FD and LE personnel.
Due to the dynamic environment and number of Force Protection Teams in the Warm Zone, Transfer Teams consisting of FD personnel may not need a LE protection detail.Goal – To rapidly remove all “Orange
” tagged victims to the CCP or exterior Medical area.
Note – this process should be done as quickly as possible. Soft litters are available to place the victim on and drag to the CCP. Any means will do as long as it is quick. This is not the time for formal packaging of a victim.Slide30
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DIRTY
CLEAN
Transition Area
Personal Belongings Drop
Personal Belongings Drop
Force Protection Transfer Team
Uninjured Collected for Law Enforcement
Triage Treatment and Transport
Refuge Area
Medical Branch
Formal weapons sweep by LE personnel
Clean / Dirty FunnelSlide31
Hostile MCI Response Policy
Southern Nevada Fire Operations (SNFO)
Questions
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