What is it recap After the atrocities of WW2 the United Nations General Assembly created an international treaty called The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Universal declaration of human rights ID: 597820
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Slide1
What did we learn about the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?What is it?
recapSlide2
After the atrocities of WW2, the United Nations General Assembly created an international treaty called The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Universal declaration of human rightsSlide3
The United Nations General Assembly convened in 1946 and began drafting an international agreement that would recognise basic human rights and would declare that each of us is ‘born free and equal’.In Paris 1948. the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was formally adopted.
Universal declaration of human rightsSlide4
To preserve peace and eliminate warTo remove the causes of conflict by encouraging economic, social, educational, scientific and cultural progress throughout the world, especially in under-developed countriesTo safeguard the rights of all individual human beings, and the rights of peoples and nations
Obligations of the charterSlide5
HistoryStruggles for rights & freedoms
a day of mourning, 1938
the stolen generationsSlide6
Learning intention: To understand the origins, features, consequences and significance of the 1938 Day of Mourning
A day of mourningSlide7
Based on this source“The Abo Call” is our own paper.
It has been established to present the case for Aborigines, from the point of view of the Aborigines themselves.
This paper has nothing to do with missionaries, or anthropologists, or with anybody who looks down on Aborigines as an “inferior” race.
We are NOT an inferior race, we have merely been refused the chance of education that whites receive. “The Abo Call” will show that we do not want to go back to the Stone Age.
Representing 60 000 Full Bloods and 20 000
Halfcastes
in Australia, we raise our voice to ask for Education, Equal Opportunity, and Full Citizen Rights.
“The Abo Call” will be published once a month. Price 3d [3 pence].
The Editor asks all Aborigines and
Halfcastes
to support the paper, by buying it and also by acting as agents for sale to white friends and supporters.Slide8
How did white australia view indigenous australians?Slide9
How did indigenous australians view themselves?Slide10
What does this day mean to you?What does the 26th
of
january
(
australia
day) mean to you?Slide11
Happy australia day?
To each individual Australian, the date 26 January has a different meaning.
For some it is a celebration of the landing of the First Fleet at Sydney Cove (1788).
To others it is marked by the civic celebrations of the Order of Australia and Australian of the Year.
To many it is simply the day off work to go to the Big Day Out music
festival,
or to just sit at home with mates and watch the one day cricket match
However this date is not marked by celebratory festivities for all AustraliansSlide12
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0slh4SAPsJM
Day of mourningSlide13
For many Aboriginal Australians, 26 January is referred to as 'Survival Day,' 'Invasion Day,' or 'Day of Mourning,' as it marks the date that white settlers landed on Australian shores and devastated the lives all of the Indigenous inhabitants already there.
A day of mourningSlide14
Different perspectives, different meanings
26 January 1938 marked the 150th anniversary, or the
sesquicentenary
, of the First Fleet in Port Jackson.
To many white-Australians, this date represented how far Australia had progressed in 150 years. Slide15
It was an opportunity for them to be proud of how Australia had flourished since the early days of settlement, to reach its present state as a democratic nation which had officially reached Federation. Slide16
At a time when Australia had recently made it through World War I and the Great Depression, the sentiment that the nation had a lot to be proud of was prevalent among members of the Australian public. They saw it as a chance for Australians to commemorate their past and to continue to progress.Slide17
Different perspectives, different meanings
To the Indigenous Australians, the anniversary of the landing of the First Fleet was referred to as a 'Day of Mourning.' Slide18
To them, the date marked 150 years of degradation and mistreatment by the white settlers. Slide19
It symbolised the beginning of the decimation of their people and the loss of their land, their culture and their basic human rights. Slide20
Aboriginal people also saw the day as an opportunity to draw the attention of white-Australia, not only to make them see how it had violated the Indigenous population in the past, but also to see what they could do to secure the future of Aboriginal people as equal citizens.Slide21
Jack Patten, the first president of the Aborigines Progressive Association (APA) ad William Cooper, secretary for the Australian Aborigines League visited Aboriginal missions and reserves to gain support for a Day of Mourning Protest.
Creating a movementSlide22
Day of mourningOn 13 November 1937, William Cooper called for 26 January 1938 to be commemorated as a Day of Mourning.
The purpose was to make the non- Indigenous population more aware of how the Aboriginal people had been discriminated against throughout history and to encourage them to meet the Indigenous people's requests for equal citizenship.Slide23
Day of mourningThe Day of Mourning was led by three Aboriginal men: William Cooper from the AAL; William Ferguson, who established the Aborigines Progressive Association (APA) in 1937; and Jack Patten, the president of the APA.
It began with a march at Sydney's Town Hall, involving both Aboriginals and non-Indigenous supporters.
The march was supposed to end there and be followed by a Day of Mourning congress; however the Aboriginal people were denied access. Slide24
http://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/services/learning_at_the_Library/curriculum_resources/YR_10_A_Day_of_Mourning.pdf
Primary source analysisSlide25
The congress, which was intended for Aboriginal people only, had to be relocated to the nearby Australian Hall. In total, around 1000 people attended, including prominent female Aboriginal activist Pearl Gibbs and Margaret Tucker, one of Australia's earliest and most notable political Aboriginal activists.
Day of mourningSlide26
Who is an Australian Citizen?Who is not an Australian Citizen?Who goes to school?Do you go to the Doctor?
Do you have a job?
Do your parents own a house?
Do you have a bank account?
Quick quizSlide27
Day of mourningThe Day of Mourning called for the Aboriginal people to be able to access the same citizenship rights as those of white-Australians.
This included their land being returned, equal employment opportunity, improvement in standards of health, housing and education.
They also requested that Aboriginal children should no longer be taken from their families.
Several approaches to how these aims could be achieved were put forth during the conference. Slide28
The plan outlined the importance of giving Indigenous people full citizenship status, as well as access to education, health and services and employment.The plan also demanded that Indigenous people be allowed to own property, possess a bank account and receive a pension.
A 10 point planSlide29
They included the representation of the Aboriginal people in parliament, The recognition of Aboriginal law
The
termination of the Aboriginal Protection Board and the Aborigines Protection Act 1901-1936 (NSW) which restricted all areas of their everyday lives from marriage to employment.
Day of mourningSlide30
The aftermathA list of ten points was derived from the Day of Mourning meeting and was presented to the Australian Prime Minister, Joseph Lyons, five days later.
However, he did not heed the demands of the Aboriginal delegates and Australian Indigenous people continued to be excluded from the census, could not vote in all States and were not registered as citizens until the second half of the 20th century.
It was particularly under the reign of Harold Holt as Prime Minister that Aboriginal people began to receive equal rights.
The 1967 referendum changed the constitution by including Aboriginal people to be counted as part of Australia's population and consequently allow the Commonwealth to make laws in regard to them.Slide31
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yj3-pMnyUOI
Jack
patten’s
grandsonSlide32
Class activity
Based on these two sources, how did white Australia view Indigenous people in 1938?
How did Indigenous people view themselves?Slide33
Read Chapter 4.2Create a fakebook profile for
Jack Patten &
William Ferguson
Who were they?
What would they post?
What would they say about ‘Day of Mourning in 1938’
Who would they be friends with?
What would their ‘likes’ be?
Who are their family?
Why is Day of Mourning significant for Indigenous Australians?
What photos would they post to share with their friends?
Fakebook
– Historical research