What is a periodical Period amount of time Magazines every week or month Newspapers every day Journals every month or season sometimes yearly who does research University professors ID: 613413
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Slide1
Dissecting a Research PaperSlide2
What is a periodical?
Period: amount of time
Magazines (every week or month)
Newspapers (every day)
Journals (every month or season, sometimes yearly) Slide3
who does research?
University professors
Companies
Organizations
GovernmentsSlide4
DO THEY HAVE REASONS TO LIE?
University professors
Get more attention for themselves
Companies
Make research that helps the company
Organizations
Make research that helps the company
Governments
Make research that helps the governmentSlide5
DO THEY HAVE REASONS TO LIE?
It’s easier to do “lazy” research that has mistakes
Who is going to check your research?Slide6
EXAMPLE RESEARCH
John has a carrot company.
He wants to prove that his new chemical helps carrots grow. He needs proof, or proper RESEARCH, to prove that this is true.Slide7
EXAMPLE RESEARCH
Proper research has
many steps
.
John cannot just throw chemicals on the carrots and say they work – he needs to follow these steps!Slide8
EXAMPLE RESEARCH
After he has finished his paper and shown his results, he needs to find a journal for them.
He’ll submit his to the
Journal of Agricultural
Science
(farming)Slide9
EXAMPLE RESEARCH
BUT! Remember how many people have reasons to do poor research?
Academic journals do not want bad information. Before they publish your paper, you need to go through the
PEER REVIEW PROCESS
.
!Slide10
THE PEER REVIEW PROCESS
When someone submits their research, they have to
document
(write down) everything they did.
This way, if someone wants to do the same experiment to check that the results match, they can!Slide11
THE PEER REVIEW PROCESS
When John submits his paper, it will be sent to other researchers in the
same
fields
(agriculture or chemistry).
These scientists will look at his paper and try to find mistakes.Slide12
THE PEER REVIEW PROCESS
If they find mistakes, they will send the papers back to farmer John.
John has to fix the mistakes and send them back to the researchers that found them.Slide13
THE PEER REVIEW PROCESS
A paper can have many rough drafts through this
process
.
After all his
peers
agree that there are no more mistakes, the journal can publish it.Slide14
YOU
As a
college
student, you can’t just take information off of the internet.
You need to use information from the
reputable
(trusted) journals, for 2 reasons.Slide15
YOU
Because they have this
peer-review process
, they’re
less likely
to be incorrect.
You’re taking information from the
source
, instead of from a book that quoted a website that quoted a news article that quoted a journal article.Slide16
THE PARTS OF A RESEARCH PAPER
THIS PART’S REALLY USEFUL!Slide17
What are the parts?
Abstract
Introduction
Background
Methods
Data/Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Sources/Works Cited
These parts will often have different titles, and sometimes they’re not there!
There will also be extra sections, sometimes, but these are the main parts.Slide18
What are the parts?
Abstract
This has a 1-2 sentence
SUMMARY
of most of the other parts.
At the beginning of your research, you will normally read the
abstract
to decide if a paper will be useful.Slide19
What are the parts?
Abstract
Introduction
The introduction is often the same as the background.
When it’s different, it might explain what the topic is and its history.Slide20
What are the parts?
Abstract
Introduction
Background
This discusses previous research.
Where does the paper fit? How is it a new idea? How is it useful? Where and when is it useful?
WHY
is their research helpful?Slide21
What are the parts?
Abstract
Introduction
Background
Methods
This section has everything you need to
replicate
(repeat) their experiment EXACTLY.
You
shouldn’t
need to read this – it’s for their peers, not college students! Slide22
What are the parts?
Abstract
Introduction
Background
Methods
Data/Results
This section usually has a lot of math and statistics.
It will hurt your head to read this, but if you love this, you can!
Normally, you don’t need to read this section if there’s part 6 or 7.Slide23
What are the parts?
Abstract
Introduction
Background
Methods
Data/Results
Discussion
This is a great section!
It explains their results for people who aren’t professional researchers!Slide24
What are the parts?
Abstract
Introduction
Background
Methods
Data/Results
Discussion
Conclusion
This is not always available, but when it is, it often discusses what other research is needed in the future on this topic.
This creates jobs for other scientists (or for themselves)Slide25
What are the parts?
Abstract
Introduction
Background
Methods
Data/Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Sources/Works Cited
This section lists all of the
OTHER
research they talked about.
It can be very useful, but we won’t talk about that now.Slide26
What are the parts?
Right now, we’ll focus on reading the
ABSTRACTS
.
When we have more time, we’ll read the full paper.