The Catcher in the Rye Day 8 Thesis development Journal WarmUp Understanding Character JD Salinger was a very private person He took his personal life as well as his writing very seriously According to Salingers Biography he would only allow his books to be published with a plain ID: 554117
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Slide1
JD Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye
Day 8Thesis developmentSlide2
Journal Warm-Up: Understanding Character
JD Salinger was a very private person. He took his personal life, as well as his writing, very seriously. According to Salinger’s Biography, he would only allow his books to be published with a plain white cover. He did this to make people read the book for what it was, and not for what it looked like. With society so interested in looks and appeal, this was a very bold move for Salinger.
You are now being given the chance to redesign a cover for
The Catcher in the Rye
. Imagine Salinger trusts you, and only you, to truly represent the novel in the best way you think. What will the cover feature? You can describe the cover the way you want it to look or you can illustrate it. Explain your choices.Slide3
In what ways is The Catcher in the Rye a novel of social protest? What aspects of society does Salinger critique? What alternatives does he offer? What does Holden fear?
Does Holden choose to isolate or alienate himself? Does Holden refuse to accept reality? What does Holden value? How does the author’s tone contribute to the critique?James Bryan notes that Holden “is poised between two worlds, one he cannot return to and one he fears to enter.” In what ways does Holden embody the limbo between childhood and adulthood?
Do you think Holden is struggling to grow up?
How does Holden view adulthood or childhood?
Holden develops aliases and pretends to be other people. What purpose does this serve? Is Holden mature or immature?
What is running away from or trying to escape?
Arthur
Heiserman
and James E. Miller Jr. write, “American literature seems fascinated with the outcast, the person who defies traditions in order to arrive at some pristine knowledge, some personal integrity.” In what ways does this novel exhibit a fascination with the outcast? Does Holden find his place in the world?
How does he make himself an outcast?
In ways do societal norms further his alienation?
What is Holden desperate for?
What is he searching/seeking/looking for? Slide4
Homework: -Unit 4 Vocabulary Quiz Feb 4th/5
th*Complete your thesis and 3 supporting quotes -letter D in the introduction
-letter B & C in all 3 body paragraphs
(Total of 7 lines completed)
Learning Intentions:
Students will make
important inferences
when approaching new and/or unfamiliar reading or concepts.
Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support your thesis statementStudents will engage in the evaluation and critique(s) when approaching new and/or unfamiliar reading or concepts.
Success Criteria:
ANALYZING
The student:
i
.
competently
analyses the content, context, language, structure, technique, style of text(s) and the relationship among texts
ii.
competently
analyses the effects of the creator’s choices on an audience
iii.
sufficiently
justifies opinions and ideas with examples and explanations; uses accurate terminology
Develop a thesis statement that makes a debatable claim about the main character (Why does Holden withdraw from society?)
Record textual evidence (at least 3 different quotes) in your body paragraphs to support your thesis statementSlide5
College and career readiness ACT:
ACT:WRITING/Focusing on the Topic (FOC) 11-12:FOC 601. Maintain a precise focus on discussing the specific issue in the prompt throughout the essay
FOC 602.
Present a critical thesis that clearly establishes the focus on the writer’s position on the issue
ATL: Thinking Skills
Analyzing and evaluating issues and ideas
Practice observing carefully
Gather and organize relevant information to formulate an argument
Evaluate evidence and arguments
Draw reasonable conclusions and generalizationsRevise understanding based on new information and evidenceConsider ideas from multiple perspectivesDevelop contrary or opposing argumentsAnalyze complex concepts and projects into their constituent parts and synthesize them to create new understanding
Use brainstorming and visual diagrams to generate new ideas and inquiriesMake unexpected or unusual connections between objects and/or ideasSlide6
Literary Analysis Essay AssessmentSteps to Writing Literary Analysis Essay:
Review your notes. Review your literature circle role sheets and journals. What idea do you keep thinking about or coming back to in your notes? Analyze the author’s choices to determine how they contribute to the theme.
Write a thesis statement.
To build your argument, you need to find evidence from the text to support your thesis statement. You must have a minimum of 3 quotes.
Start drafting body paragraphs.Work on introduction and conclusion.Revise.Submit final draft. Slide7
Thesis Statements
A thesis statement is one
or two complete and concise sentences that succinctly expresses your view concerning a particular topic.
What a thesis statement
IS:A thesis statement is a debatable claim that requires evidence and support, not a universally agreed-upon fact or an observation; it should present a position that readers
could
disagree with realistically.
It is a statement that unifies the paper by stating the writer's most important or significant point regarding the topic.
It should attempt to convince readers of something, change their minds about something, or urge them to do something.Slide8
Is it a thesis statement or not?
People use many lawn chemicals.People are poisoning the environment with chemicals merely to keep their lawns green.The thesis of this paper is the difficulty of solving our environmental problems.Solving our environmental problems is more difficult than many environmentalists believe.Slide9
In Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice, Shylock is alienated.In Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice
, Shylock is alienated, justifying his vengefulness and making him a sympathetic villain.In The Catcher in the Rye, Holden’s obsession and memories of Allie may or may not act as a kind of guardian angel.In The Catcher in the Rye, Holden’s obsession with Allie causes Holden’s inability to survive in society.Slide10
Citing Your QuotesTo illustrate this, Holden says, “Sometimes you get tired of riding in taxicabs that same way you get tired of riding in elevators. All of a sudden, you have to walk, no matter how far or high up” (Salinger 88).
When visiting Mr. Spencer, Holden says, “’Look, sir. Don’t worry about me,’ I said.
‘I
mean it. I’ll be all right. I’m just going through a phase right now. Everybody goes through phases and all, don’t they
?’” (Salinger 15).Slide11
Is it a thesis statement or not?
A thesis statement is: one to two complete and succinct sentences that succinctly expresses your view of Holden
a
debatable claim
(NOT an obvious fact)TIP: Once you’ve written the thesis, think of a counter thesis that would oppose yours. Got one? Good, move forward BUT hang onto that thought.
avoids 1
st
person (I think…I believe… I feel…)
avoids announcement (My thesis is… My paper will be about…)Slide12
Writing Circles
Preparation
1. Review what you have learned about Holden.
Review your literature circle role sheets and journal warm-ups and cool-downs. What ideas about Holden do you keep thinking about or coming back to in your notes?
2. What claim do you want to make about Holden? Why does Holden withdraw from society?
3. Write your thesis statement.
4. To build your argument, you need to find evidence from the text to support your thesis statement. You must have a minimum of 3 quotes to support your thesis statement.Slide13
Writing Circles
Preparation
1. Review what you have learned about Holden.
Review your literature circle role sheets and journal warm-ups and cool-downs. What idea about Holden do you keep thinking about or coming back to in your notes?
Character’s Quotes
Page #
Character Analysis
“Look, sir. Don’t worry about me,” I said. “I mean it. I’ll be all right. I’m just going through a phase right now. Everybody goes through phases and all, don’t they?”
15
Holden’s insistence about him going through a phase but at the same time turning it into a question demonstrates his anxiety and uncertainty about being able to transition into adulthood.
“You know those ducks in that lagoon right near Central Park South? That little lake? By any chance, do you happen to know where they go, the ducks, when it gets all frozen over? Do you happen to know, by any chance?” I realized it was only one chance in a million.
60
Holden’s inquiring about the safety and whereabouts of the ducks and how they transition from the comfortable waters to treacherous conditions in winter. His curiosity demonstrates his concerns and fears about where he will go or belong in society as he grows up and leaves the comfort of childhood. The answer is very important to him and he is fearful that he doesn’t know, nor does anybody else know.
“I could probably tell you what I did after I went home, and how I got sick and all, and what school I’m supposed to go to next fall, after I get out of here, but I don’t feel like it. I really don’t. That stuff doesn’t interest me too much right now.”
213
Holden is faced with moving forward in his life, but he isn’t ready to address it yet. He is avoiding his transition back to school and doesn’t want to think about it at all. He doesn’t know how to face the harsh world and he doesn’t want to turn into an adult like those he is so critical of. Slide14
Writing Circles Preparation
2. What claim do you want to make about Holden? Why does Holden withdraw from society?3. Write your thesis statement.
Thesis: Holden withdraws from society because he fears the transition from childhood to adulthood.
Character’s Quotes
Page #
Character Analysis
“Look, sir. Don’t worry about me,” I said. “I mean it. I’ll be all right. I’m just going through a phase right now. Everybody goes through phases and all, don’t they?”
15
Holden’s insistence about him going through a phase but at the same time turning it into a question demonstrates his anxiety and uncertainty about being able to transition into adulthood.
“You know those ducks in that lagoon right near Central Park South? That little lake? By any chance, do you happen to know where they go, the ducks, when it gets all frozen over? Do you happen to know, by any chance?” I realized it was only one chance in a million.
60
Holden’s inquiring about the safety and whereabouts of the ducks and how they transition from the comfortable waters to treacherous conditions in winter. His curiosity demonstrates his concerns and fears about where he will go or belong in society as he grows up and leaves the comfort of childhood. The answer is very important to him and he is fearful that he doesn’t know, nor does anybody else know.
“I could probably tell you what I did after I went home, and how I got sick and all, and what school I’m supposed to go to next fall, after I get out of here, but I don’t feel like it. I really don’t. That stuff doesn’t interest me too much right now.”
213
Holden is faced with moving forward in his life, but he isn’t ready to address it yet. He is avoiding his transition back to school and doesn’t want to think about it at all. He doesn’t know how to face the harsh world and he doesn’t want to turn into an adult like those he is so critical of. Slide15
Holden withdraws from society because he fears the transition from childhood to adulthood.Slide16
Holden insists, “‘Look, sir. Don’t worry about me,’ I said. ‘I mean it. I’ll be all right. I’m just going through a phase right now. Everybody goes through phases and all, don’t they?’” (Salinger 15).
Holden’s insistence about him going through a phase but at the same time turning it into a question demonstrates his anxiety and uncertainty about being able to transition into adulthood. It’s unclear to him if other people are experiencing the traumatic events that he is going through. Slide17
Holden insists, “‘Look, sir. Don’t worry about me,’ I said. ‘I mean it. I’ll be all right. I’m just going through a phase right now. Everybody goes through phases and all, don’t they?’” (Salinger 15).
Holden’s withdraw from society comes from his fear about making it through the difficult phase that he’s experiencing.
When meeting with Mr. Spencer, he discusses his most recent struggles and failures with hesitation.
Holden’s insistence about him going through a phase but at the same time turning it into a question demonstrates his anxiety and uncertainty about being able to transition into adulthood. It’s unclear to him if other people are experiencing the traumatic events that he is going through.
His search for reassurance about the transitioning phase suggests his fear about growing up and moving on to adulthood. Slide18
Steps to Success
1. Review what you have learned about Holden. Examine your character analysis log for patterns. Do the quotes you have written down on your character log have a key idea in common? Review your literature circle role sheets and journal warm-ups and cool-downs. What idea about Holden do you keep thinking about or coming back to in your notes?
2.
What claim do you want to make about Holden? Why does Holden withdraw from society?
3. Write your thesis statement.
4.
To build your argument, you need to find evidence from the text to support your thesis statement. You must have a minimum of 3 quotes to support your thesis statement.
5.
Complete “D” in introduction
6. Complete letters “B” and “C” for all 3 body paragraphsSlide19Slide20Slide21
Writing Circles Expectations
What should it look like?
Each member shares thesis statement and provides feedback according to thesis statement criteria/checklist
What should it sound like?
One person speaking at a time: reading thesis statement or providing feedback about thesis statementSlide22
Debatable Unit Question:
Why does Holden withdraw from society?Slide23
JD Salinger “Fun” Fact
Tragically, the alienation of anti-hero Holden Caulfield has resonated with society’s sociopaths. After assassinating John Lennon in 1980, Mark David Chapman was found by police casually thumbing through a copy of
The Catcher in the Rye.
Chapman later claimed that the novel was his statement and that it provided the answer to why he’d killed the legendary Beatle. In 1981, after
John Hinckley Jr., attempted to assassinate Ronald Reagan, investigators reportedly discovered a copy of the book in his hotel room. Hinckley was found not guilty by reason of insanity. And, in 1989, Robert John Bardo, who had been carrying the book, murdered Rebecca Schaeffer, an actress whom he had become obsessed with.Slide24
JD Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye
Day 9Body paragraph development
*Also applies to sentence to sentence.Slide25
Get out your Chrome Book and log on!Where are you at?In what ways is The Catcher in the Rye a novel of social protest? What aspects of society does Salinger critique? What alternatives does he offer?
What does Holden fear? Does Holden choose to isolate or alienate himself? Does Holden refuse to accept reality? What does Holden value? How does the author’s tone contribute to the critique?James Bryan notes that Holden “is poised between two worlds, one he cannot return to and one he fears to enter.” In what ways does Holden embody the limbo between childhood and adulthood? Do you think Holden is struggling to grow up? How does Holden view adulthood or childhood? Holden develops aliases and pretends to be other people. What purpose does this serve? Is Holden mature or immature? What is running away from or trying to escape?
Arthur
Heiserman
and James E. Miller Jr. write, “American literature seems fascinated with the outcast, the person who defies traditions in order to arrive at some pristine knowledge, some personal integrity.” In what ways does this novel exhibit a fascination with the outcast? Does Holden find his place in the world?
How does he make himself an outcast? In ways do societal norms further his alienation? What is Holden desperate for? What is he searching/seeking/looking for? Slide26
Citation AddendumTwo options:Human beings have been described by Kenneth Burke as "symbol-using animals" (3).
Human beings have been described as "symbol-using animals" (Burke 3).One source: (Salinger #) every time?Answer: ?Salinger, J.D. The Catcher in the Rye
. Boston
: Little, Brown and Company,
1951. Print.Slide27
Journal Warm-Up: Understanding Character
Many people draw comparisons between the Simon and Garfunkel song “I Am a Rock” and how it relates to The Catcher in the Rye. How would you compare these lyrics to our study of Holden Caulfield? What specific song lyric stands out? OR What song do you know that relates to Holden in some way? Think of a specific line and explain.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PKY-smJ6aBQ
A winter's day
In a deep and dark December;
I am alone,
Gazing from my window to the streets below
On a freshly fallen silent shroud of snow.
I am a rock,
I am an island.I've built walls,A fortress deep and mighty,That none may penetrate.I have no need of friendship; friendship causes pain.It's laughter and it's loving I disdain.I am a rock,I am an island.Slide28
Homework::
*Complete your body paragraphs! All sections (Topic sentence, example, quote, analysis, and concluding sentence)
-Unit 4 Vocabulary Quiz 4
th
/5
th
Learning Intentions:
Students will
engage in the evaluation and critique(s)
when approaching new and/or unfamiliar reading or concepts.
Write body paragraphs that cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of main character
Use signal phrases and transitions to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships quotes and analysis
Success Criteria:
ORGANIZING
The student:
i. makes
competent
use of organizational structures that serve the context and intention
ii. organizes opinions and ideas in a
coherent and logical
manner with ideas building on each other
iii. makes
competent
use of referencing and formatting tools to create a presentation style suitable to the context and intention
.
Use
textual evidence (at least 3 different quotes) to support character
analysis
Include
at least 3 signal phrases and 3 transitions within and between body paragraphsSlide29
College and career readiness
ACT:
ACT: WRITING/Developing Ideas (DEV) 9-10:
DEV 501.
Provide thorough development in support of ideas; extend ideas by using specific, logical reasons and illustrative examples
DEV 502.
Show clear movement between general and specific ideas and examples
ATL: Thinking Skills
Analyzing and evaluating issues and ideas
Practice observing carefully in order to recognize problems
Gather and organize relevant information to formulate an argument
Recognize unstated assumptions and bias
Interpret data
Evaluate evidence and arguments
Draw reasonable conclusions and generalizations
Revise understanding based on new information and evidence
Formulate factual, topical, conceptual and debatable questions
Consider ideas from multiple perspectives
Develop contrary or opposing arguments
Analyze complex concepts and projects into their constituent parts and synthesize them to create new understanding
Generating novel ideas and considering new perspectives
Use brainstorming and visual diagrams to generate new ideas and inquiries
Consider multiple alternatives, including those that might be unlikely or impossible
Make unexpected or unusual connections between objects and/or ideas
Apply existing knowledge to generate new ideas, products or processes
Create original works and ideas; use existing works and ideas in new ways
Practise flexible thinking—develop multiple opposing, contradictory and complementary arguments
Practise visible thinking strategies and techniquesSlide30
Character Analysis Essay Assessment
Steps to Writing Character Analysis Essay: 1. Review what you have learned about Holden. Examine your character analysis log for patterns. Do the quotes you have written down on your character log have a key idea in common?
2. What claim do you want to make about Holden? Why does Holden withdraw from society?
3. Write your thesis statement.
4. To build your argument, you need to find evidence from the text to support your thesis statement. You must have a minimum of 3 quotes to support your thesis statement.5. Draft body paragraphs using quote sandwich and transitions. Slide31
When quoting…Don’t Drop a Bomb!
Make a Sandwich!Slide32
Quotations are meant to support your argument. To use quotations effectively, you must sandwich them: Introduction: When you find a relevant quote that will support your argument, introduce it.
Quotation: Include only the most relevant parts of the text. (Quotes should not be too long.)Explanation: Explain how the quote is relevant to your argument and helps to prove it.
Don’t just drop a “quote bomb” and move on to the next idea without tying it all together
.Slide33
Quote Sandwich
Quotes do not speak for themselves! You have to do that for them!Lead-in/Signal PhraseQuoteAnalysisHolden acknowledges, “Quote” (Salinger 142). Through th
is
, he
demonstrates his cynical viewpoint of… Slide34
Some basic ways to introduce:X states, “_____”When X, “_____”In
her book, _____, X demonstrates that “_____”At this point, X says/recalls, “______”Some basic ways to explain:In other words, X believes _____.
Because of this, _______.
Here X appear(s) as _____.
It can then be seen that _____.Slide35
“Do you happen to know where they go, the ducks, when it gets all frozen over? Do you happen to know, by any chance?” (Salinger 60)How do we sandwich this?Slide36
Holden is constantly looking for answers to where the ducks go when not at the lagoon. When riding in a cab, Holden asks the driver, “Do you happen to know where they go, the ducks, when it gets all frozen over? Do you happen to know, by any chance?” (Salinger 60). Holden’s concern for where the ducks go demonstrates his anxiety with where he should go in his own personal winter. Much like winter is a time of scarce food and shelter, Holden feels he lacks anywhere safe to head to.
Example SandwichSlide37
Quote Sandwich
Holden compares, “Quote” (Salinger #). His fear of…Slide38
Transitions
For example Additionally, CorrespondinglyAlso, In other words, Likewise
Hence,
Furthermore
In general,
Above all,
To emphasize
On your chart sheet, circle, underline, or highlight 4-5 transitions you already use and would use in your writing, AND circle at least 1-2 transitions you have NOT used before but plan on trying out and using in this paper.Slide39
Transitions
For this reasonFor exampleFirst, second, thirdIn other words
Another key point,
Such as
Since BesidesWhileIt is the use ofAnd as a result,
Under those circumstances
In this case
At the same time
Additionally
AccordinglyAs a resultTo avoid this, For exampleMoreover, Unfortunately, *** Additionally, Holden finds these explanations about the ducks unsatisfying because he rejects any help from adults.Slide40
Transitions!
SinceLikewiseSimilar toIn other words,NotablyDue toFor example
Henceforth
Another key point
Frequently
Or
However
Moreover
FurthermoreSuch as, To demonstrate, Slide41
Transitions
As a result, In this case, Not only, [….], but also, For example, Important to realize, Due to
However,
Despite…
It is the use of…
Frequently
In addition to,
As…
Moreover, For fear thatAlthough, Be that as it may Therefore,
Unfortunately, To avoid this, Slide42
Transitions
ThusIn other words, For example, With this in mind, In fact, Although this may be true,
By the same token,
Such as,
First, second, and third
Moreover,
However,
In addition to,
Unfortunately, To avoid this, For example, It is the use of…As a result,
Also, Slide43
Transitions
In additionFurthermoreAdditionallyFor exampleSuch asFrequentlyAlthough
Even so
In order to
Instead
Whereas
Otherwise
However
NeverthelessRegardlessSlide44
Make the Sandwich“Sometimes you get tired of riding in taxicabs that same way you get tired of riding in elevators. All of a sudden, you have to walk, no matter how far or high up” (Salinger 88).
“’Look, sir. Don’t worry about me,’ I said. ‘I mean it. I’ll be all right. I’m just going through a phase right now. Everybody goes through phases and all, don’t they?’” (Salinger 15).Slide45
“Sometimes you get tired of riding in taxicabs that same way you get tired of riding in elevators. All of a sudden, you have to walk, no matter how far or high up” (Salinger 88
).Quote Sandwich?Slide46
Holden shows a growing ability to adapt to adult life. For example, at one point he says, “Sometimes you get tired of riding in taxicabs that same way you get tired of riding in elevators. All of a sudden, you have to walk, no matter how far or high up” (Salinger 88
). Holden is saying here that people cannot rely on others to help them and sometimes people just have to walk for themselves without help. Furthermore, part of growing up is to be able to go the distance for one’s own self
.Slide47
Quote from page 142 of Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye
:
“If you sat around there long enough and heard all the phonies applauding and all, you got to hate everybody in the world…It was a terrible place, I’m not kidding. I cut out going there entirely, gradually.”
Quote Sandwich:Slide48
Transition Practice
Revised Example #1: Students who write academic essays need to provide effective transitions. It is the use of these transitions that allow writers to connect the main ideas that are present in an essay.
For example
, by using introductory elements, a writer can easily connect one sentence to the next.
Moreover, the use of these words will make the writing more fluent and less choppy. Unfortunately,
students often fail to use effective transitions,
and, as a result
, the essay comes across as disconnected.
To avoid this
, writers should always be aware of the need to connect both sentences and paragraphs together, and they should strive to find creative ways to do so. Slide49
Holden withdraws from society because he fears the transition from childhood to adulthood.Slide50
Holden insists, “‘Look, sir. Don’t worry about me,’ I said. ‘I mean it. I’ll be all right. I’m just going through a phase right now. Everybody goes through phases and all, don’t they?’” (Salinger 15).
Holden’s insistence about him going through a phase but at the same time turning it into a question demonstrates his anxiety and uncertainty about being able to transition into adulthood. It’s unclear to him if other people are experiencing the traumatic events that he is going through. He is further inclined to withdraw from society because he worries what will happen to him.
Holden’s withdraw from society stems from his concern about whether he will make it through the difficult transition he’s currently experiencing.
For example, when he visits Mr. Spencer’s to discuss his struggles with school and subsequent failure, although he comes across confident, he shows a deep fear about what his future holds.
Holden’s distress about making it through the phase of childhood to adulthood worries him to the point that he withdraws from society to avoid the possible pitfalls. Slide51
Steps to Success Steps to Writing Character Analysis Essay:
1. Review what you have learned about Holden. Examine your character analysis log for patterns. Do the quotes you have written down on your character log have a key idea in common? 2. What claim do you want to make about Holden? Why does Holden withdraw from society?3. Write your thesis statement. 4. To build your argument, you need to find evidence from the text to support your thesis statement. You must have a minimum of 3 quotes to support your thesis statement.
5. Draft body paragraphs using quote sandwich and transitions. Slide52
The Red Hunting Hat“I put on this hat that I’d bought in New York that morning. It was this red hunting hat, with one of those very, very long peaks. I saw it in the window of this sports store when we got out of the subway, just after I noticed I'd lost all the goddam foils. It only cost me a buck. The way I wore it, I swung the old peak way around to the back—very corny, I'll admit, but I liked it that way. I looked good in it that
way” (Ch 3).When does he buy it?
Is the color important?
When does he wear it? When does he take it off?
What happens with it at the end?“My hunting hat really gave me quite a lot of protection, in a way, but I got soaked anyway” (
Ch
25).Slide53
The Carousel What do we know about carousels?The gold ring. What’s that about?
“…the thing with kids is, if they want to grab for the gold ring, you have to let them do it, and not say anything. If they fall off, they fall off, but it's bad if you say anything to them" (25).Slide54
Journal/Discussion PointThe Catcher in the Rye is widely seen as a cult classic and is part of the American (and world) literary canon (set of important texts). However, is it still relevant to teenagers today? Is it dated? Can you connect to it?
Explain your answer. Why?