PseudoDemosthenes Against Neaera Agenda Academic Honesty Angelique JenksBrown BU Libraries Butler or Foucault Womens eros in Sappho fr 31 Athenian Women A Quote Dissected Apollodorus ID: 274711
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Slide1
Love and Marriage?
Pseudo-Demosthenes’
Against NeaeraSlide2
Agenda
Academic Honesty
Angelique
Jenks-Brown, BU LibrariesButler or Foucault?Women’s eros in Sappho fr. 31Athenian WomenA Quote Dissected…Apollodorus’ Against NeaeraCharges, Ideologies, Rhetoric, RealitiesWill the Real Neaera Please Stand up?
2013-10-03
Against Neaera
2Slide3
Butler or Foucault?
Women’s
eros
in Sappho fr. 31Slide4
The man seems to me strong as a god, the man who sits across from you and listens to your sweet talk
nearby
and your lovely
laughter — which, when I hear it, strikes fear in the heart in my breast. For whenever I glance at you, it seems that I can say nothing at all
but my tongue is broken in silence, and that instant a light fire rushes beneath my skin, I can no longer see anything in my eyes and my ears are thundering
,
and cold sweat pours down me, and shuddering grasps me all over, and I am greener than grass, and I seem to myself to be little short of
death
But all is endurable, since even a poor man ... (Sappho fr.
31)
Butler or Foucault?Slide5
“Sexual-Social Isomorphism”
male
~
female
masculine
~
feminine
penetrator
~
penetrated
active
~
passive
dominant~submissivesenior (in status)~junior (in status)moderate (sōphrōn)~immoderate (akolastos)free~slave
aka “asymmetry hypothesis”Slide6
Butler on Social Construction
“To publish one’s act in language is in some sense the completion of the act”
(Butler
AC)"... gender [but maybe sexuality too?] is an act which has been rehearsed, much as a script … requires individual actors” (“Performative Acts,” in Performing Feminisms
1990)
http://www.cla.purdue.edu/english/theory/genderandsex/modules/butlerperformativity.html
2013-10-03
Against Neaera
6Slide7
Discussion
Butler?
sappho
seems to be performing feminine genderthe how of her reactions seeming performedanti-butlers born that wayFoucault?f’s asymmetry
man and strengthsappho exhibits passivity
poem a speech restricted by dichotomy laid out by fouc, thereby confining her sex etc. in the fictive realityself-control
2013-10-03
Against Neaera
7Slide8
Biblio
Note: Theory
Butler, Judith. Antigone’s Claim: Kinship between Life & Death. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000. Print
.---. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. Thinking Gender. New York: Routledge, 1990. Print.---. The Judith Butler Reader. Ed. Sara Salih. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub., 2004. Print.
Felluga, Dino. Introduction
to Theories of Gender and Sex. Purdue University. 2 October 2013 (2002): Web site.
<
http
://www.cla.purdue.edu/english/theory/genderandsex
/>Foxhall, Lin. “Pandora Unbound: A Feminist Critique of Foucault’s History of Sexuality.” Rethinking Sexuality: Foucault and Classical Antiquity. Eds. David H. J. Larmour
, Paul Allen Miller, and Charles Platter. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1998. 122–37. Print.
2013-10-03
Against Neaera
8Slide9
Biblio
Note: Women, Neaera
Blundell, Sue. Women in Ancient Greece. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1995.---. Women in Classical Athens. London: Bristol Classical Press, 1998.Cohen, David. Law, Sexuality and Society: The Enforcement of Morals in Classical Athens
. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991
Hamel, Debra. Trying Neaira: The True Story of a Courtesan’s Scandalous Life in Ancient Greece. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2003
2013-10-03
Against Neaera
9Slide10
Biblio
Note: Gender
(& masculinity)Bassi, Karen. Acting like Men: Gender, Drama, and Nostalgia in Ancient Greece. Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press, 1998. Print.Foxhall, Lin. Studying Gender in Classical Antiquity. Key Themes in Ancient History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013. Print.
Foxhall, Lin and J. B. Salmon, eds.
When Men were Men: Masculinity, Power and Identity in Classical Antiquity. London and New York: Routledge
, 1998. Print.
2013-10-03
Against Neaera
10Slide11
Athenian Women
A Quote Dissected…Slide12
“We [Athenian men] have prostitutes for the sake of pleasure, concubines for meeting our bodily needs day-to-day, but wives for having legitimate children”
(
Against Neaera
p. 191)
Slide13
Do
They “Jive”?
“We [Athenian men] have prostitutes (
hetairai) for the sake of pleasure, concubines (pallakai) for meeting our bodily needs day-to-day, but wives (gunaikes) for having legitimate children” (Against Neaera p. 191)“This Candaules, then, fell in love with (
erasthe) his own wife, so much so that he believed her to be by far the most beautiful woman in the world; and believing this, he praised her beauty beyond measure to Gyges son of Dascylus” (Herodotus 1.8)
“Niceratus too, so I am told, is in love with (
erai
) his wife and finds his love reciprocated (she
anterai
him)” (Xenophon Symposium 8.3)2013-10-03
Against Neaera
13Slide14
Apollodorus’ Against Neaera
Charges, Ideologies, Rhetoric, RealitiesSlide15
Charges
,
Ideologies, Rhetoric
Fraudulent…citizen-marriagecitizen-offspringImpietyCheapened enfranchisementJury shaming
Bread-making, phallus-bird, c. 500 BCE. Athenian
2013-10-03
Against Neaera
15Slide16
Realities: Athenian
Wives
et al.
MarriageAdultery (moikheia)DivorceSeclusion?ideology v. actualityoikia, andronitis,
gunaikonitis
Guardianshipkurios and
oikos
court representation
Property
dowryinheritanceepikleros, ankhisteia
2013-10-03
Against Neaera
16Slide17
Greek House (
oikia
)
,
Olynthus, 4th cent. BCE (reconstruction)
andron
(men’s “rumpus room”)Slide18
Realities: Prostitutes
, Concubines
Hetaira
(plur. hetairai)expenserelationshipPorne (plur. pornai)publicitycommodificationPallake (plur. pallakai)“kept” slave woman
Old man &
hetaira
. Athenian, c.500-490
(Inscription reads
Panaitios kalos
, “Panaetius” [man’s name] is beautiful
.”
)
2013-10-03
Against Neaera18Slide19
Will the Real Neaera Please Stand up?
Whore? Courtesan? Concubine? Wife?Slide20
“We [Athenian men] have prostitutes for the sake of pleasure, concubines for meeting our bodily needs day-to-day, but wives for having legitimate children”
(
Against Neaera
p. 191)
Was Neaera a…
-
porne?
-
-
hetaira?
-
-
pallake? -- citizen wife? -Slide21
Discussion
2013-10-03
Against Neaera
21