AP World History Chapter 24 Accelerating Global Interaction Since 1945 Ever since the Neolithic Revolution Man has made an attempt to control his environment slash and burn irrigation waste management population density ID: 707595
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Slide1
The Globalization of Environmentalism
AP World HistoryChapter 24“Accelerating Global Interaction”(Since 1945)Slide2
Green Revolution
Implementation of research and development (science and technology) to increase agricultural production around the world. Perceived by some as “neo-colonial” for commercial use than sustenance.Led by Norman Borlaug in Mexico and financed by Rockefeller foundation used bioengineering and pesticides to stave famine and may have saved up to one billion people.Slide3
Ever since the Neolithic Revolution Synthesis
Man has made an attempt to control his environment (slash and burn, irrigation, waste management, population density)Columbian exchange led to massive deforestation and altered the global landscape through global mining for precious metalsThings increased dramatically with the industrial revolution( parasitic cities, industrial waste, imperialism on Latin America, Africa, Asia and role of environmental exploitation to build railroads, use of Dynamite, permanent alteration of the environment)
As technologies increased, so too did devastation to the finite resources the planet
As man mastered the planet, the planet answered back
With increased globalization, good and bad things would happen
Reliance on energy has consequencesSlide4
ThesisSlide5
From 1945 to the present, the demand for food supply increased, leading to the Green Revolution (Doc 1, 2, and 3). The Green Revolution led to new technology (Doc 5, 7, and 9). It also had successful and failed attempts to improve soil conditions in farms (Doc 4, 6, 8, and 10) Slide6
Environmental Changes
3 major factors accelerated the impact of humans on the environment in the 20th century:Population explosionNew ability of humankind to tap the energy potential of fossil fuels
coal, oil, hydroelectricity, natural gas, nuclear power
Unprecedented economic growth as science and technology increased the production of goods and servicesSlide7
Environmental Changes
Growing numbers of the poor and growing consumption of the rich = led to the doubling of cropland and depletion of the world’s forests and grasslandsNumerous species of animals and plants = either endangered or extinctIncreased numbers of other species = ex: cattle, pigs, chickens, rats, dandelionsMassive air pollution in major cities
Thinning of the ozone layer from released CFCsSlide8
Positive impactsSlide9
Environmental Changes
Most critical environmental transformation = global warmingCaused by two major factors:Increased burning of fossil fuels = emit heat-trapping greenhouse gasesLoss of trees = would otherwise remove carbon dioxide from the airSlide10
Back to the docs to be utilized persuasively as evidence
Those societies that experienced the Green Revolution were also experiencing changes in their social structures. In Mexico, women were forced to work for free because the farmers couldn’t afford to pay wages to them and their husbands (Doc 7). The caste system in India was diminishing due to peasants rising to the middle and upper classes from increased in their food production (Doc 9). It would help to show how strong an effect this change had on Indian society if there was a newspaper article of an upper class Hindu man describing how offended he felt to have to accept people from the lower classes into his social class. Document 10 the Guatemalan National Coordinating Committee of Indigenous Peasants stated that the Green Revolution has made people lose respect for the indigenous seeds and has contaminated them. The members of the committee must also be concerned that the Green Revolution will lead Guatemalans to also lose respect of their cultural heritage
Restated the grouping and related it to the prompt? Changes in social structures (a consequence) Yep. Used evidence from documents? Yep. One of the documents used was a POV? Yep. Slide11
Environmental Changes
Concerns with global warming:Melting glaciers and polar ice capsRising sea levelsThawing permafrostExtreme hurricanes
Further species extinctionSlide12
Negative ImpactsSlide13
Green and Global
1st wave of environmentalism = in the 1800s in the wake of the industrial revolutionExpressed a need for “scientific management” of nature“Wilderness idea” = aimed to preserve untouched areas from human disruption
Creation of many U.S. national parks
No mass following or large global response
Yellowstone National Park
In Wyoming
Established in 1872Slide14
Green and Global
2nd wave of environmentalism = in the 2nd half of the 1900sBegan with the publication in 1962 of Rachel Carson’s
Silent Spring
Exposed the chemical contamination of the environment that threatened both human health and the survival of many species
Generated an enormous response and launched the environmental movement in the U.S.Slide15
Green and Global
This environmental movement spread to other parts of the West as wellClub of Rome = a global think tank headquartered in EuropeGermany = emergence of the Green PartyMajor concerns of Western environmentalists = pollution, wilderness issues, and opposition to development in untouched areasSlide16
Green and Global
1970s-1980s = environmental movements began in the Global South as well
Environmentalism in the West
Environmentalism
in t
he Global South
National
movement; many large national organizations
More locally based
Involved affluent
members of the middle-class
Involved poor peopleEngaged in political lobbying and corporate strategies
Environmental movements often overlap with other movements for political and
social reform
More concerned with the rights of nature and wilderness protection
More concerned with issues of: food
security, health, and basic survival
Relatively nonviolent
movement
Movements
occasionally become violent
guerrilla warfare actions by “green armies”Slide17
Green and Global
Late 20th century = environmentalism became a global concernLed to the global “green revolution”Legislation passed in many countries to limit air pollution
Pushed many businesses in a “green” direction
Fostered research on alternative and renewable resources
Stimulated UN conferences on global warming
Persuaded millions of people to “go green” and alter their way of life
Generated many international agreements addressing issues such as ozone depletion and global warmingSlide18
Green and Global
Major conflict between the Global North and Global South = developing countries often feel that Northern initiatives to address atmospheric pollution and global warming will prevent their industrial developmentGlobal South pushed to limit its emissions to cut down on pollution, but they didn’t create that pollution in the first placeShouldn’t the industrialized countries accept more responsibility?Slide19
Results of Global Environmentalism
“One world” thinkingFocus on the common plight of humankindMarked a challenge to modernityIdeas of sustainability and restraint entered global discussionsSlide20