Terms Acacia (Golden Wattle) ( Acacia pycnantha ) Description: - PowerPoint Presentation

Terms

Acacia (Golden Wattle) (Acacia pycnantha)Description:Phyllodes: modified petioles (parallel veins)EvergreenFruit:LegumeFlower: YellowLocation:Non-native Originated in Australia Chemical: Tannins Uses: Perfume Family: Fabaceae (Pea family)

Pricklypear Cactus (Opuntia littoralis)Description:Leaves modified into GlochidsStems modified as Chladophylls Fruit:Fleshy red fruit (pear)Flower: Yellow to red Location: Native Found in coastal sage scrub and desert habitats in southwestern United States Chemical: None Uses: Can be eaten Family: Cactaceae (Cactus family)

Bladderpod (Isomeris arborea)DescriptionCompound leaves with 3 leaflets Leaves alternateEvergreenFruit: CapsuleFlower: YellowLocation: Native Endemic to Southern California Found in coastal sage scrub (CSS) and desert habitats in Chemical: Strong odor to reduce predation Uses: None Family: Capparaceae

Brazilian Pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius)Description:Pinnately compound leaves Leaves alternateEvergreenFruit: Drupe Flower: Small white Location: Non-native (invasive) Originated in tropical and subtropical South America Chemical: Aromatic sap that may burn May act as a narcotic on birds who eat berries Uses: Ornamental Family: Anacardiaceae (Sumac family)

Black Sage (Salvia mellifera)Description:Simple leaves with small hairsDrought DeciduousFruit: SchizocarpFlower: Blue or lavender in stacked balls Location:Native Coastal sage scrub (CSS) and chaparral habitats Chemical: Diterpenoids used as pain relievers Uses: Rub on sore feet Chumash brewed as sun tea Nectar used to make honey Family: Lamiaceae (Mint family)

Bulrush (Schoenoplectus californicus)DescriptionTriangular leafSedge-likeFruit: GrainFlower: Brown or tan panicle inflorescenceLocation: Native Indicator of freshwater in North and South America Chemical: None Uses: Used by Native Americans to make baskets, rope, canoes Family: Cyperaceae

California Buckeye (Aesculus californica)DescriptionPalmately Compound with five leafletsDeciduousFruit: CapsuleFlower: Large white to pinkLocation: Native to northern California Only buckeye species endemic to California Chemical: Neurotoxic glycoside aesculin , which causes hemolysis of red blood cells. Uses: Used by Native Americans to kill fish Toxic to honeybees Family: Sapindaceae

California Buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum)Description:Leaves in clustersEvergreenFruit: GrainFlower: White or brown clustersLocation: Native Coastal sage scrub and chaparral habitats Chemical: None Uses: Treatment of headache, diarrhea, and wounds Good for heart Erosion control Source of food for honeybees in summer months Family: Polygonaceae

California Redbud (Cercis occidentalis)Description:Simple heart-shaped leavesDeciduousFruit: LegumeFlower: Large Pink or red Location: NativeChaparral habitats in western United States Chemical: None Uses: Wood Veneer Erosion control Red bark used for baskets Family: Fabeaceae (Pea family)

California Sagebrush (Artemisia californica)DescriptionSlender flexible stems with thin pinnate leavesEvergreenFruit: AcheneFlower: Narrow inflorescence which are yellowish Location: Native Coastal sage scrub and chaparral habitats Chemical: Terpenes to reduce competition and predation Uses: Erosion control Reduce digestive issues Family: Asteraceae (Sunflower family)

Caster Bean (Ricinus communis)Description:Palmate alternate LeavesEvergreenFruit: Spiny capsule (not a true bean)Flower: Panicle-like inflorescence which are reddish in colorLocation: Non-native (invasive) Originally from Asia and Africa Chemical: Ricin (deadly) Uses: Source of Caster Oil used for digestive cleansing lubricant Family: Euphorbiaceae

Catalina Cherry (Prunus ilicifolia)Description:Simple toothed alternating leaves (vary)EvergreenFruit: Drupe with large pitFlower: Small white Location: Native California chaparral Chemical: Tannins Uses: Native Americans made a fermented drink Family: Rosaceae (Rose Family)

Catalina Ironwood (Lyonothamnus floribundus)Description:Compound Leaves (fernlike)EvergreenFruit: CapsuleFlower: Cream colored Location: Native Endemic to Catalina Island Chemical: None Uses: Ornamental but seeds not very viable Family: Rosaceae (Rose family)

Cattail (Typha sp.)DescriptionFlat simple leafEvergreenFruit: NutFlower: Dense Brown Spike (wind dispersed)Location: NativeIndicator of fresh water in Northern Hemisphere Chemical: None Uses: Rhizomes are edible Leaves can be woven in to baskets or braided into rope Family: Typhaceae

Ceonothus (Mt. Lilac)(Ceonothus sp.)Description:Simple leaf with three prominent veinsEvergreenFruit: CapsuleFlower: Blue Location: NativeCalifornia chaparral Chemical: None Uses: Eaten by Deer Used for teas Baskets Family: Rhamnaceae

Coast Live Oak (Quercus agrifolia)Description:Simple convex leaves with dentate marginsHairs in axils in leavesEvergreenNo undergrowth due to shade and Tannins Fruit: NutFlower: Catkins Location: Native Oak woodlands, chaparral and CSS habitats Chemical: Tannins Uses: Food Charcoal Family: Fagaceae

Coffee Berry (Rhamnus californica)Description:Simple, reddish bark on stemsEvergreenFruit: DrupeFlower: GreenishLocation:Native Southwestern United States, Chaparral Chemical: none Uses: Ornamental not as well liked by deer Erosion control Heal burns and rashes Used as laxative Family: Rhamnaceae

Coyote Bush (Baccharis pilularis)DescriptionSimple leaves that are often stickyVarious shapes determined by locationLarge root systemFruit: Achenes Flower: Small white or yellow Location:Native CSS and chaparral habitats in western United States Chemical: Oils to prevent predation Uses: Secondary pioneer plant Family: Asteraceae (Sunflower family)

Blue Elderberry (Sambucus nigra)DescriptionPinnately compound leaves with 5-9 leafletsDeciduousFruit: True berryFlower: Yellow in an umbrella structureLocation:NativeCoastal sage scrub and chaparral habitats Chemical: None Uses: Edible fruits Wine Syrup Family: Adoxaceae

Encelia or Brittlebush(Encelia sp.)Description:White leavesEvergreenFruit: AceneFlower: Yellow Location:NativeCoastal sage scrub and desert habitats Chemical: None Uses: Glue, Sealer, Gum, Incense Treat toothaches Family: Asteraceae (Sunflower family)

Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus sp.)Description:700 speciesAlternate simple leavesEvergreenGum TreesPeeling barkFruit: Capsule Flower: Vary in color with an operculumLocation:Non-native (Invasive) Originally from Australia Chemical: Terpenoids (aromatic) Uses: Planted to lower the water table Make pulp for paper Antiseptic Food additives Insect repellent Family: Myrtaceae

Flannel Bush (Fremontodendron sp.)Description:Simple 3-lobed leavesEvergreenFuzzy texture – modified hairs called trichomesFruit: Capsule Flower: Large yellowish orange FlowersLocation: Native Southwestern U.S. and Mexico Chaparral, pine woodlands, and juniper woodland habitats Chemical: None Uses: Water conservation gardens Family: Malvaceae

Fremont Cottonwood (Populus fremontii)Description:Simple leaf with long flattened petioleDeciduousFruit: AcheneFlower: CatkinsLocation: NativeRiparian habitats Southwest U.S. and Northern Mexico Chemical: None Uses: Erosion control Fuel and fence posts Family: Salicaceae

Desert willow (Chilopsis linearis)Description:Simple leaf with long flattened petioleDeciduousFruit: DrupeFlower: Large white or pinkish Location: NativeDesert habitats in southwestern U.S Chemical None Uses: Wood used to make bows and baskets Used to treat fungal infections Family: Oleaceae

Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba)Description:Simple leaf which is fan shapedDeciduousFruit: NoneFlower: NoneLocation: Non-nativeOriginated in China Chemical: Butyric Acid Uses: Decorative ornamental – only males planted in this country Family: Ginkgoaceae

Horehound (Marrubium vulgare)DescriptionSimple leaf with crinkled appearanceFruit: BerryFlower: White clusters on stem Location: Non-nativeOriginally from Europe, Africa and Asia Chemical: Essential oils Uses: Antimicrobial and anticancer properties Candy Grasshopper repellent Invasive Weed Family Laminaceae (Mint family)

Incense Cedar (Calocedrus decurrens)Description:Scaled leaves in flat spraysBranches FlexibleFruit: NoneFlower: NoneLocation: NativeEvergreen forests in western North America Chemical: None Uses: Pencils Light fires Family: Cupressaceae

Indian Paintbrush (Castilleja sp.)Description:Clover like leavesFruit: CapsuleFlower: Red, orange to yellow (bracts)Location: Native Various habitats in western North America Chemical: None Uses: Eaten as greens Hairwash Dye Family: Orobanchaceae

Jacaranda (Jacaranda sp.)Description:Doubly compound leavesFruit: CapsuleFlower: Purple – often stickyLocation: Non-nativeOriginally from Central and South America Chemical: None Uses: Ornamental plants Acoustic guitars Family: Bignoniaceae

Jimson Weed (Datura stramonium)DescriptionLarge simple toothed leavesFruit: CapsuleFlower: Large white to purple Location: NativeCoastal sage scrub, desert, and chaparral habitatsWidespread throughout North and South America Chemical: Atropine Uses: Relieve asthma symptoms Hallucinogen Family: Solanaceae

Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis)Description:Simple leaves that stand erectFruit: CapsuleFlower: Small greenish yellowLocation: Native Chaparral and desert habitats in western North America Chemical Oil (liquid wax ester) Uses: Laxative Salve Biodiesel fuel Cosmetics Family: Simmondsiaceae

Laurel Sumac (Malosma laurina)Description;Large Simple Leaves with reddish edgesFruit: DrupeFlower: Small whiteLocation: NativeCoastal sage scrub and Chaparral habitats Chemical: Volatile compounds Uses: Tea for dysentery Crown sprouting Fire adapted Family: Anacardiaceae (Sumac family)

Lemonade Berry (Rhus integrifolia)Description:Large Simple and alternatingEvergreenReddish twigsLeaf margins may be serratedFruit: BerryFlower: Small rosy pinkLocation: Native Coastal sage scrub and chaparral habitats Chemical: Tannins Uses: Lemonade like drink Make candles Family: Anacardiaceae (Sumac family)

Liquid Amber (Lizuidamber styraciflua)Description:Large Simple and palmateDeciduousFruit: Woody CapsuleFlower: Greenish Location: Non-nativeOriginally from deciduous forests in eastern U.S. Chemical: Styrax Uses: Plywood, furniture, cabinets Chewing gum Family: Altingiaceae

Mesquite (Prosopis sp.)DescriptionDeciduousDoubly pinnate compound leavesLong Taproot (up to 200 ft)ThornsFruit: LegumeFlower: Catkins with pale green or yellow flowersLocation: Native Desert habitats in southwestern U.S Chemical: None Uses: Food (flour) Furniture Barbecues Family: Fabaceae (Pea family)

Mulefat (Baccharis salicifolia)Description:Simple LeavesSticky foliageFruit: Small acheneFlower: Small fuzzy pink or red-tinged white flowersLocation: NativeCoastal sage scrub, chaparral, and riparian habitats in western U.S Chemical: None Uses: Erosion control Family: Asteraceaea (Sunflower family)

Mustard (Bassica sp.)Description:AnnualFruit: SilqueFlower: YellowLocation: Non-native (Invasive) Originally from Mediterranean region Chemical Allelochemicals – inhibit mychorrhizae of neighboring plants Uses: Pioneer plant (indicator of distrubance ) Cooking oil Spice High in Vitamin C Family: Brassicaceae (Mustard family)

Palm Tree (Washingtonia sp.)Description:EvergreenSkirtNear water (Oasis)Fruit: DrupeFlower: Small and insignificantLocation: NativeDesert habitats in Mexico and southern California Chemical: None Uses: Food Baskets Thatch Roofs Family: Arecaceae

Palo Verde (Parkinsonia microphylla)Description:Green barkSmall leaves that are drought deciduousFruit: LegumeFlower: Pale yellowLocation: NativeDesert habitats in southwestern U.S Chemical: None Uses: Food (flour) Family: Fabaceae (Pea family)

Pampas Grass (Cortaderia selloana)Description:Tall grass with leaves that cut when going toward center of plantFruit: GrainFlower: Dense white paniclesLocation: Non-native (Invasive)Riparian habitatsOriginally from South America Chemical: None Uses: Flower arrangements Family: Poaceaea (Grass family)

Pine Tree (Pinus sp.)Description:Leaves are needles grouped into fasciclesBranches flexibleFruit: NoneFlower: NoneLocation: NativeEvergreen forests worldwide Chemical: None Uses: Wood Furniture, floors Family: Pinaceae

Sago Palm (Cycas revoluta)Description:Palm-likeFruit: NoneFlower: NoneLocation: Non-nativeOriginally from Japan and China Chemical: Alkaloids, tannins, steroids Uses: Ornamental Family: Cycadaceae

Southern Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)Description:Compound leavesDeciduousSlight odorFruit: DrupeFlower: Green catkinsLocation: NativeRiparian habitats Endemic to California Chemical: None Uses: Flooring, furniture Food Family: Juglandaceae

Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora)DescriptionThick Waxy Leaves with rusty pubescence underneathFruit: FollicleFlower: Large WhiteLocation: Non-native Originally from southeastern U.S. Chemical None Use Ornamental Make furniture, pallets and veneer Family Magnoliaceae

Sugar Bush (Rhus ovata)DescriptionLarge simple leaves with reddish twigs Ovate leaves that are folded along the midribLeaf margins entire (smoothFruit: DrupeFlower: Small, pink Location: NativeCoastal sage scrub and chaparral habitats Chemical: Tannins Uses: Ornamental Family: Anacardiaceae (Sumac family)

Sweet Bay (Laurus sp.)Description:Glossy simple leavesEvergreenFruit: True berryFlower: Pale yellow greenLocation: Non-nativeOriginally from Mediterranean region Chemical: Cineole oil Uses: Astringent Olympic wreaths Cooking (spices) Family Lauraceae

Toyon (Heteromeles (Photonia) arbutifolia)Description:Christmas BerrySimple leaf - dentateEvergreenFruit: PomeFlower: Small, whiteLocation: Native Coastal sage scrub and chaparral habitats. Chemical: Tannins Glycocides Uses: Ornamental Jelly from fruit Tea for stomach ailments Family: Rosaceae (Rose family)

Tree Tobacco (Nicotiana glauca)Description:Heart shaped leavesFruit: CapsuleFlower: Yellow tubularLocation: Non-native (Invasive)Originally from South America Chemical: Nicotine Uses: Smoked Treat swelling and bruises Biofuel Family: Solanaceae

Western Sycamore (Platanus racemosa)Description:Large palmate leaves that are pubescentDeciduousPeeling BarkFruit: AcheneFlower: Inflorescence Location: Native Riparian habitats in California and Baja California Chemical: None Uses: Ornamental Family: Platanaceae

White Alder (Alnus rhombifolia)Description:Simple alternate leaves with serrate margins DeciduousBark with “eyes”Fruit: Strobili (females) Flower: Catkins (male)Location: Native Chaparral and woodland habitats in California and Baja Chemical: None Uses: Ornamental Family: Betulaceae

White Ash (Fraxinus americana)Description:Compound leaves that are made of 5-9 leafletsLeaves are oppositeDeciduousFruit: SamaraLocation: Non-nativeRiparian habitatsOriginally from eastern North America Chemical: None Uses: Baseball bats, oars, flooring, tool handles Family: Oleaceae

White Sage (Salvia apiana)Description:Large white leaves with an odorFruit: AcheneFlower: White to lavender Location: Native Coastal sage scrub and Chaparral habitats Chemical: Terpenes to reduce competition and predation Uses: Food (Pinole) Family: Lamiaceae (Mint family)

Wild Radish (Raphanus raphanistrum)Description:AnnualSmall simple leavesFruit: SilquesFlower: White to lavender Location: Non-native (Invasive)Originally from Asia Chemical None Use Food Family Brassicaeae (Mustard family)

Willow (Salix sp.)DescriptionNarrow simple leavesUsually DeciduousMoist soilsFruit: CapsuleFlower: Catkins Location: NativeRiparian habitats in Northern hemisphere Chemical: Salicylic Acid Uses: Aspirin Family: Salicaceae

Mustard ( Brassicaceae )           Cactus (Cactaceae)     Mint (Lamiaceae)           Rose (Rosaceae)     Pea (Fabaceae)             Sumac (Anacardiaceae)     Sunflower (Asteraceae)             Grass (Poaceae)     Plant families