Who began the religion Christianity was spread first by the Apostles especially Peter and Paul Where did the religion begin Offshoot of Judaism First Century Palestine Christianity Contd What are the key writings of the religion ID: 754947
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Slide1
World
Religions ReviewSlide2
Christianity (In Review)
Who began the religion?
Christianity was spread first by the Apostles, especially Peter and Paul
Where did the religion begin?
Offshoot of Judaism
First Century
PalestineSlide3
Christianity Contd.
What are the key writings of the religion?
The BibleOld Testament – Christians believe that Jesus Christ was the Son of God prophesied in the Old TestamentNew Testament – a record of the gospel as revealed by Jesus ChristSlide4
Christianity Contd.
What are the key beliefs of the religion?
MonotheisticJesus Christ was the Son of GodDeath and Resurrection
Sin and Salvation
The Trinity
10 CommandmentsSlide5
Christianity Contd.
What happens after you die?
Soul is judged and goes to heaven or hellSlide6
Christianity Contd.
What are some of the key practices/rituals?
Church attendanceBaptism
Confirmation
Communion
Confession
MatrimonySlide7
Christianity Contd.
Christianity is the world’s largest religion
Has many symbols, but the most well known is the crossMany different denominations
Catholic
Protestant
AnglicanSlide8
Christianity Contd.
Percentage by country (purple is the highest, orange is the lowest)Slide9
Islam
Who began the religion?
Muslims believe that Christianity and Judaism distorted the messages of the profitsMuhammad is the man credited with the restoration
Where did the religion begin?
Saudi Arabia in the beginning of the 7
th
centurySlide10
Islam Contd.
What are the key writings?
Qur’an - revealed by God to Muhammad Sunnah – words and deeds of Muhammad
What are the key beliefs?
Monotheistic (Allah)
Angels, Resurrection, Judgment, Predestination
What happens after you die?
Soul is judged and goes to heaven or hell (sins like dishonesty and disbelief condemn your soul)Slide11
Islam Contd.
Key Practices/Rituals
5 Pillars of IslamShahadah – creed must be spoken once Salah –prayer recited 5 times a day facing Mecca Zakat – giving alms
Sawm – fasting during Ramadan
Hajj – must make a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once during a lifetimeSlide12
Islam Contd.
Believers are called Muslims
2nd largest world religionMajor denominations are Sunni and Shi’a
Mecca is located in Saudi ArabiaSlide13
Judaism
Who began the religion?
Covenant between God and Abraham 2000 BCE
Where did the religion begin?
Israel
Diaspora – no home for thousands of yearsSlide14
Judaism Contd.
What are the key writings
?Tanakh - Jewish Bible
Torah – inspired word of God
Talmud – discussion of Jewish law and ethicsSlide15
Judaism
What are the key beliefs?
MonotheisticDivine revelation and acceptance of the Torah
Jesus was another profit and not the Son of God
What happens when you die?
Death is not the end of human existence
Different denominations believe a variety of different thingsSlide16
Judaism Contd.
Key Practices/Rituals
Daily prayersShabbat – day of rest (Saturday)Synagogues – religious buildings
Life Cycle Events
Brit Milah – welcomes male babies
Bar/Bat Mitzvah – passage from child to adulthood
Marriage
Death and mourningSlide17
Judaism Contd.
There are many different denominations
OrthodoxConservativeReformSlide18
Hinduism
Founded in India
May date as far back as 5000 BCENo known founderSlide19
Hinduism Contd.
Key
WritingsVast body of scriptures and religious writingsTwo utmost are Vedas and UpanishadsSlide20
Hinduism Contd.
Key Beliefs
diverse traditions and beliefs with a focus on attaining personal, spirituality
Not considered monotheistic or polytheistic
Predominate themes:
Dharma – ethics and duties
Samsara
– cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth
Karma – actions and reactions
Moksha
– liberation from
SamsaraSlide21
Hinduism Contd.
Caste System: Social System backed by religious beliefs
Determines person`s occupation, personal association and marriage partnerSlide22
Buddhism
Founded by Siddhartha Guatama
“The Buddha”5th
Century BCE
IndiaSlide23
Buddhism Contd.
Key Writings
Vinaya Pitaka – discipline and rules
Sutra Pitaka – actual discourses of the Buddha
Abhidharma Pitaka – commentaries on the teachings of the BuddhaSlide24
Buddhism Contd.
Key Beliefs
4 Noble TruthsSuffering (inescapable in life)The cause of suffering (craving, which leads to Samsara)The cessation of suffering (cessation of cravings)Slide25
Buddhism Contd.
The way leading to the cessation of suffering
Right speechRight actionRight livelihood
Right effort/exercise
Right mindfulness/awareness
Right concentration
Right understanding
Right thoughtsSlide26
Buddhism Contd.
What happens after you die?
Rebirth/reincarnationCan be born into fortunate or unfortunate realmsKarmaCycle stops when spiritual bliss, Nirvana, is achievedSlide27
Buddhism Contd.
Must live a life of kindness, generosity and unselfishness
Practice of meditation – spiritual centeringSlide28
Shinto
Founded 2500 years ago from tribal religions / beliefs
Shinto belief and mythology, being the Kojike or Records of Ancient Matters, and the Nihongi or Chronicles of Japan. Both texts date from about 700 CE.
Develop harmony between people: believe in the sacredness of the whole universe and that man can be in tune with this sacredness. Every mountain, river, plant, beast, and all the diverse phenomena of heaven and earth have presiding spirits, or
kami
.
Shinto has no creed, ethical doctrine, sacred book, philosophy, or theology of any kind. Slide29
Sikhism
Sikhism began in 1469 with the birth of Guru Nanak in the present-day Indian state of Punjab.
Guru Nanak did not preach against Hinduism nor Islam, but offered a variation of these beliefs which appealed to many.Guru Granth is a collection of poetry, hymns and devotional writing compiled from the historical gurusThe central teaching of Sikhism is the idea of the guru. God is the true and ultimate Guru which chose to speak to man through the ten historical gurus. Slide30
Sikhism
The
Khalsa devised a new set of standards known as the Rahit, or a code of conduct for all Sikh disciples.kes - uncut hairkangha - wooden combkara - steel bracelet
kirpan
- sword
kacha
- pair of short drawers Slide31
Confucianism
Confucianism is a complex system of morals and ethics, but it is considered a religion because of the impact it has on the way people live their lives.
Many similarities with Taoism:Key to successful society: needs to be orderedIndividuals should know and do what is expected of themFollow a moral conductSlide32
Reflection
What are some of the similarities and differences between these religions
?What religion most surprises or intrigues you?