Tooth Extraction ( Exodontia - PowerPoint Presentation

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Tooth Extraction (

Exodontia

)

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Definition

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Methods of extraction

:

Intra-alveolar

extraction (forceps

+ elevators)Trans-alveolar extraction(surgical extraction)

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Indications for extraction

:

1. Sever

caries:

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2. Pulp

pathology:

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3.

Apical pathology:

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4.

Sever periodontal disease:

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5. Roots

and root fragments:

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6. Orthodontic

reasons:

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7.

Prosthetic considerations:

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8. Impacted

teeth:

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9.

Supernumerary teeth:

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10.

Tooth in line of fracture of the jaw:

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11.

Teeth I relation to bony pathology:

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12.

Teeth prior to irradiation:

13.

Focal sepsis:

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Contraindications for extraction

:

Local contraindications:

Acute and uncontrolled

infectionPrevious radiotherapy

Teeth located within areas of tumorSystemic contraindications:

Sever uncontrolled metabolic

disease

Sever uncontrolled cardiac

disease

Sever uncontrolled

hypertension

Bleeding

disorder

Uncontrolled leukemia and

lymphoma

Pregnancy

Patients who take or have taken a variety of medications

Uncontrolled epilepsy

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Preoperative evaluation of accused

tooth

Clinical examination of the accused tooth:

Access to the Tooth

Mouth opening of the patientThe location and position of the tooth

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2. Mobility

of the Tooth

Greater-than-normal mobility

Less-than-normal

mobility

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3. Condition

of the

Crown

presence

of large cariesEndodontically treated tooth shape, position and size condition of adjacent teeth

large accumulation of calculus

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Radiographic evaluation of the accused

tooth

When the dentist need to take an x-ray?

History

of difficult extraction.

extensive caries, large restoration or endodontically treated tooth.abnormal resistance to forceps extraction.

Impacted tooth or partially erupted tooth.

If after clinical examination you decided to remove the tooth surgically.

Any tooth in close relation to vital

structures.

Any tooth has been subjected to

trauma.

An isolated maxillary molar especially if it is unopposed and over-erupted.

Whenever underlying bony pathology is suspected e.g. cystic lesion, tumors.

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Radiographic findings essential for tooth extraction:

relationship of the tooth to be extracted to adjacent

teeth

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Relationship to Vital Structures

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Configuration of Roots

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Condition of Surrounding Bone

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Instruments used in simple uncomplicated teeth

extraction

1.

Diagnostic

instruments

2. Dental forceps3. Dental elevators

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General assessment and considerations for

extraction

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