PPT-Colonization history and speciation

dynamics understanding species diversity patterns in the hyperdiverse Pheidole ants from the South Pacific Pavel B Klimov 1 Evan Economo 2 L Lacey Knowles 1 . Speciation. – formation of a new species . Species. – group of organisms that interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Subspecies. – groups that are on the way to being separate species; have started being genetically different. Evolution. Results of evolution. New species (speciation). Causes of evolution. Barriers between same species (gene pools). Geographical isolation -> leads to . allopatric. speciation. Temporal isolation -> leads to sympatric speciation. Evolution. Speciation Basics. Individuals of different species cannot . interbreed. under natural conditions . Described as being . reproductively isolated . from one another. Populations of different species do . The rise and fall of biodiversity. Four major mass extinctions of marine organisms:. End of Silurian Devonian, Permian, and Cretaceous). Rise in diversity during Cambrian, Silurian, Cretaceous, and Paleogene. Regulating . Empresarios. & Settlers. COLONIZATION LAWS. Why do you need colonization laws?. Mexico wanted to make sure settlers were loyal to Mexico-not to the US. Mexico wanted to keep the settlement of frontiers orderly. Meara. EEB464 Fall . 2017. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lopTMhAbXoI. Learning objectives. Understand factors that can lead to speciation. Consider the geography of speciation. Describe approaches to . Species. == “kind” or “type” in Latin. Typological . (morphological) species. . == a group of organisms that share certain characteristics which are different than other groups—usually differences in anatomy. . Species. – group of organisms that interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Subspecies. – groups that are on the way to being separate species; have started being genetically different. Individuals in the same species share a common gene pool. Reduction in . gene . flow, genetic and phenotypic change in populations. The study of speciation requires that species be real. Speciation. Speciation is the antidote to sex. Keeps together adaptive groups of traits. What defines a species?. Species: a group of organisms that can . interbreed. and produce . fertile. offspring. “Biological Species Concept” . Human species?. Homo sapiens – “wise man” (large brains!). Populations must become isolated. Reproductive isolation is key!. Once isolated, populations will evolve independently (different factors affecting each). Two types of speciation. allopatric. geographic separation. In evolutionary terms a . species . is a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring; they do not breed successfully with other . After reading this module you should be able to. Explain . the processes of allopatric and sympatric speciation.. U. nderstand . the factors that affect the pace of . evolution.. Speciation can be allopatric or sympatric. Avneet. Singh, Steven . Ancheta. , Giovanni . Corralhejo. , Katie . Laackmann. Definition. Origin of new species in evolution. There are two general modes of speciation. Allopatric. speciation. Sympatric speciation.