PDF-[EBOOK] The Fallacy Detective: Thirty-Eight Lessons on How to Recognize Bad Reasoning

EBOOK The Fallacy Detective ThirtyEight Lessons on How to Recognize Bad Reasoningbrhttpskymetrixxyzbook097453157X. Statistical Fallacies. & Propaganda. Statistical fallacies. Section 3. Appeal to Authority. An appeal to the testimony of “experts”. In order for an appeal to authority to be valid (not fallacious), there must be 1)Expert consensus, & 2)Legitimate expertise. If either is missing, or misused, the argument is fallacious.. Informal Fallacy Guide. Evaluating Arguments. The primary task of critical thinking is to identify arguments and to evaluate them.. There are two basic ways of evaluating arguments.. One technique is to evaluate the logical form of an argument by abstracting on its content, and analyzing the structure of the argument in order to determine if it is valid.. Sources: D. Jensen. “Research Methods for Empirical Computer Science.”. . William M.K. . Trochim. . “Research Methods Knowledgebase”. More on Causality. What is causality?. What’s Important About Causality?. Session 2. Association fallacies. Section 1B. Guilt by Association. Creation of a fallacious link between one person, group, or idea and another in order to discredit it.. An effective political tactic.. By: Lauren Smith. 7:Appeal to emotion . This . fallacy is committed when someone manipulates peoples' emotions in order to get them to accept a claim as being . true. This . sort of "reasoning" involves the substitution of various means of producing strong emotions in place of evidence for a claim. By the end of this lesson, students will . learn to use the fourth and fifth Keys of Reasoning in debating, i.e. Point of View and Concept.. L. ead. -in: Round-the-table . R. eporting . and . I. ntroduce . illegitimate, controversial arguments or irrelevant points designed to enflame an audience. often identified because they lack adequate evidence to support a claim. Fallacies. . are. :. Why do they matter?. a. .k.a. Fallacy . What’s a Logical Fallacy?. What is a Fallacy?. According to Webster’s Dictionary, a fallacy is an error in reasoning or a flawed argument.. It’s an argument that does not conform to the rules of logic, but appears to be sound.. Fallacies.  are common errors in reasoning that will undermine the logic of your argument. . C. an . be either illegitimate arguments or irrelevant . points.. Easily . identified because they lack evidence that supports their claim. . The . Post Hoc . Fallacy . – this is sometimes called the . post hoc ergo propter hoc. fallacy. The full phrase means: “after this, therefore because of this” And it is a causal inference fallacy. (304). An attack on one’s opponent rather than one’s opponent’s argument.. Ad hominem. Reasoning from the similarity of two things in several relevant respects to their similarity in another.. Analogical reasoning. Statements formed from sound thinking and proof of reasoning. Inductive Arguments. Specific Facts that lead to a generalization. Deductive Arguments. Begin with a general rule and reach a specific conclusion. [DOWNLOAD] The Thinking Toolbox: Thirty-Five Lessons That Will Build Your Reasoning Skills
http://skymetrix.xyz/?book=0974531510 S. ession & Syllabus. Session. Topics. Descriptions. Lecturer. 1. 4 Sep 2014. Introduction. & Prologue. Dosen. PJ. 2. 11 Sep. . 2014. Recognizing Fallacies. Looking at deceptive arguments, or fallacies.