By: Kayla Tan and Peter Lampropoulos - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

By: Kayla Tan and Peter Lampropoulos

Circulatory System

Main Function

The circulatory system is the body’s transport system.

It is made up of a group of organs that transport blood throughout the body.

The heart pumps the blood and the arteries and veins transport it.

Systems of the Circulatory System

Heart:

The heart is the key organ in the circulatory system. As a hollow, muscular pump, its main function is to propel

blood

throughout the body

Artery:

Arteries are strong tubes, or vessels, that carry blood from your heart to the rest of your body. Arteries transport blood containing oxygen and nutrients to smaller tubes called arterioles, which then deliver blood to even smaller vessels called capillaries.

Continued

Vein: Using the network of arteries,

veins

and capillaries, blood carries carbon dioxide to the lungs (for exhalation) and picks up oxygen.

Capillary:

Capillaries

carry blood away from the body and exchange nutrients, waste, and oxygen with tissues at the cellular levelAtria: The atrium

is an upper chamber in which blood enters the heart, as opposed to the lower ventricle, where it is pushed out of the organ. It has a thin-walled structure that allows blood to return to the heart.

Continued

Ventricles:

In a four-chambered heart, such as that in humans, there are two

ventricles that operate in a double

circulatory system

: the right

ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary circulation to the lungs, and the left ventricle pumps blood into the systemic circulation through the aortaValves: The heart has 4 valves

: The mitral valve and tricuspid valve, which control blood flow from the atria to the ventricles. The aortic valve and pulmonary valve, which control blood flow out of the ventricles.Blood: The

blood circulatory system (cardiovascular system) delivers nutrients and oxygen to all cells in the body.

Continued

Red Blood Cells:

Circulatory System

IV: Red Blood Cells. In the human body, the

blood

serves many purposes, but one of the most important purposes of

blood is to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the rest of the tissues of the body.White Blood Cells: White blood cells (WBCs), also called leukocytes or leucocytes, are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign

invadersPlatelets: Platelets are tiny cells that have a big job in stopping bleeding. Proteins in the blood called clotting factors work to form a clot.

Continued

Plasma:

Plasma

is the often forgotten component of blood. White blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets are essential to body function

, but

plasma

also plays a crucial, and mostly unrecognized, job. It carries these blood components throughout the body as the fluid in which they travelOxygenated: The left atrium receives newly oxygenated blood from the lungs as well as the pulmonary vein which is passed into the strong left ventricle to be pumped through the aorta to the different organs of the body

Deoxygenated: From the tissue capillaries, the deoxygenated blood returns through a system of veins to the right atrium of the heart.

How Does Blood move through the heart?

Blood leaves the left side of the heart and travels through arteries, which gradually divide into capillaries.

In the capillaries, food and oxygen are released to the body cells, and carbon dioxide and other waste products are returned to the bloodstream.

The blood then travels in veins back to the right side of the heart, where it is pumped directly to the lungs. In the lungs, carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen, and this renewed blood flows back to the left side of the heart, and the whole process begins again.

https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=SvAVu-7E2gA

How does the Circulatory System affect other body systems and how do other body systems affect the Circulatory System?

The circulatory system works closely with other systems in our bodies. It supplies oxygen and nutrients to our bodies by working with the respiratory system. At the same time, the circulatory system helps carry waste and carbon dioxide out of the body

.

Your circulatory system interacts with other body systems to keep you healthy.

The respiratory

system brings in air for oxygen and sends out carbon dioxide to enter and leave the body it has to go through the circulatory system

-The digestive system brings in food and turns it into nutrients> this makes wastes. The Circulatory system helps get the nutrients into cells and remove the wastes

The excretory system removes wastes and balances the water in our blood . The circulatory system helps it gets the wastes out (urine) or recycles them (water).

Two Diseases of the Circulatory System

Atherosclerosis

– Literally, “hardening of the fatty stuff.” High fat diets can lead to formation of fatty plaques lining blood vessels. These fatty areas can become calcified and hard leading to arteriosclerosis, hardening of the arteries. When blood vessels become less stretchable, blood pressure rises and can result in heart and kidney damage and strokes.

Mitral prolapse, stenosis, regurgitation

– Blood flows through four chambers in the heart separated by one-way valves. A major valve is the one separating the upper and lower chambers on the left side of the heart. The left side is especially important because freshly oxygenated blood returning from the lungs is circulated out of the heart to the rest of the body. The left valve, called atrioventricular, for the chambers it separates, is also called the mitral valve, because it is shaped like an upside down Bishop’s hat, a miter. If the flaps of this valve tear away due to disease, the process is called prolapse, “a falling forward.” This results in leakage and backward flow called “regurgitation

”.

Sometimes a valve is abnormally narrow causing partial obstruction constricting flow. Stenosis means “a narrowing.”

Effects of Outside Environmental Factors on the Circulatory System

Exposures to drugs, chemical and biological agents, therapeutic radiation, and other factors before and after birth can lead to pediatric or adult cardiovascular anomalies. Furthermore, nutritional deficiencies in the perinatal period can cause cardiovascular anomalies. These anomalies may affect heart structure, the conduction system, the myocardium, blood pressure, or cholesterol metabolism.

When the outside temperature gets colder the blood vessels increase the flow of warm blood to the skin to keep you warm. This is the body's natural heating system and why you are told to dress in layers on a cold day. The layers of clothing retain that heat.

When

the temperature warms up the flow of warm blood to the skin is decreased. This, along with sweating, is the body's natural cooling system and the reason you told to dress lightly on hot days. Dressing lightly allows the excess heat to escape through the pores.

Fun Facts About the Circulatory System

Red blood cells make approximately 250,000 round trips of the body before returning to the bone marrow, where they were born, to die

Red blood cells may live for about four months circulating throughout the body, feeding the 60 trillion other body cells.

Fun Facts continued

The heart beats around 3 billion times in the averages person’s life

About 8 million blood cells die in the human body every second, and the same number are born each second.

Even more fun facts

Within a tiny droplet of blood, there are some 5 million red blood cells.

It takes about 20 seconds for a red blood cell to circle the whole body

Last slide about fun facts

If you were to lay out all of the arteries, capillaries and veins in one adult, end-to-end, they would stretch about 60,000 miles (100,000 kilometers). What's more, the capillaries, which are the smallest of the blood vessels, would make up about 80 percent of this

length. By

comparison, the circumference of the Earth is about 25,000 miles (40,000 km). That means a person's blood vessels could wrap around the planet approximately 2.5

times!

Websites

https://www.dmu.edu/medterms/circulatory-system/circulatory-system-diseases

/

http://www.factmonster.com

http://

www.livescience.com/22486-circulatory-system.html

http://warriors.warren.k12.il.us/dburke/amazingfactscirculatory.htmhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15060200

http://www.mcwdn.org/body/circulatory.html http://www.livescience.com/39925-circulatory-system-facts-surprising.html