DrTM Ananda Kesavan MDMNAMSFIAP FIAMS FRCP Edin PGDDNPG Diploma in Devpt Neurology Addl Professor of Pediatrics Govt Medical College Thrissur Part I Vaccines in National Immunization Schedule ID: 1045923
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1. Immunization:Basics and Beyond….Dr.T.M. Ananda KesavanMD,MNAMS,FIAP, FIAMS, FRCP(Edin)PGDDN(PG Diploma in Devpt. Neurology) Addl. Professor of PediatricsGovt. Medical College, Thrissur
2. Part IVaccines in National Immunization ScheduleSafe Card Committee,IAP Kerala
3. Prevention is better than cureMan’s desire to prevent diseases began from the origin of the mankind
4. Diseases eliminated...Small PoxPolioNeonatal tetanusIncidence of many other diseases are decreased in India and many other diseases are eradicated from developed countries
5. Historical aspectsDhanvantri-Father of Indian Medicine: first descriptionJenner-Cowpox vaccine-1796Rabies vaccine-by Louis Pasteur in 1885EPI in 1978UIP in 1985
6. Vaccines are most cost effective health tool availableSmall pox eradicated -1977EPI coverage >80%-1990>3 million lives saved annuallyLast case of Polio in India in Jan 13, 2011
7. Factors influencing Immune responseType of AntigenMaternal AntibodyInterval between vaccines (minimum interval-4 wks)Type of immune response
8. Types of Vaccine Type Of Antigen Example Live atten bact - BCG,Ty21a Live atten virus - OPV,MMR,Varicella Killed bacteria - Pertussis,TAB Killed Virus - IPV,Rabies,HAV Toxoid - D,T
9. Types of Vaccine Capsular Polysacc - Vi, Hib, Pneumo Bacterial subunit - Acellular pertussis Viral subunit - HBsAg
10. Edward Jenner
11. Small Pox
12. TB Meningitis
13. Anything wrong?
14. BCG VaccineFrom Birth to 15 daysCatch up to 1yr0.1ml,I/D, Lt Deltoid
15. Diphtheria
16. Bull neck
17. Pertussis
18. Post-tussive vomiting
19. Risus Sardonicus
20.
21. DPT Vaccine(in Pentavac)At 6,10,14 WeeksBooster at 1.5 and 5yrs0.5ml,IM,Thigh/Deltoid
22. Tdap/TdAt 10 yrs and 16 yearsNo need for inj. TT in between for minor wounds
23. Hepatitis B VaccineAt birthAt 6, 10 and 14th weeks/0,1,6mo0.5ml,IM, Deltoid/Thigh
24. Prevent Mother to Child Transmission of Hepatitis B
25. Meningitis
26. Pneumonia
27. Hib VaccineAt 6,10,14 weeks(Penta Vac)Booster at 1.5 yrs
28. 28The Major Clinical Forms of Pneumococcal Disease BacteraemiaPneumonia*Meningitis
29. Pneumococcal VaccineAt 6,10 weeks and 9 MoBooster at 15-18mo0.5ml,IM;Thigh/deltoid
30. Sabin
31.
32. Participate in Pulse Polio Programme
33. bOPVAt birthAt 6,10, 14weeksLater at 1.52drops, oral every year IPVAt 6 and 10 weeks; I/d
34. ADD
35. Rotavirus VaccineOrally, 3 dosesWith Pentavac(1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 mo)
36. Rotavirus Vaccines- ScheduleThe first dose should be given between 6 weeks and 14 weeks of age. Immunization should not be initiated in infants 15 weeks or older.All the doses of should be completed within 32 weeks of age.
37. Measles
38.
39.
40. Rubella
41. Complications of rubella-No treatment
42. MR VaccineAt 10 and 15 months0.5ml,S/c, Thigh/deltoid
43. National Immuni-zation Schedule
44. Below 1 yr
45. Above 1 Yr
46. Immunization during illnessMinor illnesses – No contraindicationsAll vaccinations to be postponed only during serious illness
47. Low grade feverUpper respiratory infectionOtitis mediaMild diarrheaAntibiotic therapyDisease exposure or convalescence Invalid Contraindications
48. Pregnancy in the householdBreastfeeding Premature birthAllergies to products not in vaccineNeed for TB skin testingNeed for multiple vaccinesMinor illness NOT a contraindication
49.