Awareness Indicators for forest-birds in - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Awareness Indicatorsfor forest-birds inDK, EE, FI, LT, LV & SE - an introduction to a tool for assessment of awareness needed to protect species of conservation concern in the six countries

By

Veljo

Volke,

BirdLife-Estonia

&

Henrik Wejdling, DOF/

BirdLife

-Denmark

February

2018

Slide2

BackgroundThese awareness indicators for forest birds are – by initiative from FSC-Sweden - developed by BirdLife-partners in six countries around the Baltic Sea with BirdLife-Estonia and DOF/BirdLife-Denmark as leads.They should help forestry, authorities and NGO’s in highlighting forest species which need additional actions

 

to

keep

them in

(or get them to)

favorable

conservation

status.

AND hereby not at least help FSC-Standard-developers in pointing out the most important species to be addressed by soft and hard measures in the upcoming standards.

WHICH specific measures are still to be developed.

Slide3

The Birds Directive covers all wild living bird species of EU-27Article 5 is asking for protection of ‘all wild birds in Europe’In forestry, all birds therefore should be taken care of and those of conservation concern should be addressed in particular.

All

birds

Forest

birds

Forest birds of

conservation concern

Slide4

When would a species be of conservation concern?The following indicators should be taken into consideration:Its red list status internationally (since birds don’t know borders!)Its Annex I-status at the Birds Directive (since species adopted here always should be taken care of according to legislation – especially if declining)Its relative abundance in each country (if higher abundance than average, then higher responsibility)

Its red list status nationally

The trends in population (on short and long term)

Its rareness (size of actual population)

Its generation length

International

National

General

Slide5

The Swedish way: Appendix 4The Swedish authorities have narrowed down the list of species of conservation concern to the so called priority speciesTakes into consideration the international responsibility (IUCN-

redlist

, Annex I)

as well as

the local (national red list and trends in population

)

Slide6

Two different Red List Systems in the six countriesDK, EE, FI & SE uses the IUCN-system

Lithuanian red list categories:

0 (Ex)

Extinct or possibly extinct species

1 ( E

)

Endangered species or species on verge of extinction

2 ( V

)

Vulnerable species whose population figures and abundance is rapidly decreasing

3 ( R

)

Rare species with a small number of populations due to their biological characteristics

4 ( I

)

Intermediate species which cannot be included in the other categories due to lack of data

5 (

Rs

)

Restored species once included in the Red List whose abundance has since restored

LV & LT have

their own

Slide7

The new SPEC-report from BLIIn May 2017 BirdLife International launched this new publication –

highlightning

‘national responsibilities’

Slide8

SPEC-definitions(covering the international criteria)SPEC 1European species of global conservation concern, i.e. classified as Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable or Near Threatened

at global level

SPEC 2

Species whose global population

is concentrated in Europe

, and which are classified as Regionally Extinct, Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, Near Threatened, Declining, Depleted or Rare

at European level

SPEC 3

Species whose global population are not concentrated in Europe, but which are classified as Regionally Extinct, Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, Near Threatened, Declining, Depleted or Rare at European levelDeclining: European population has declined by ≥20% since the 1970s

Depleted: European population has declined by ≥20% since the 1970s , but has not declined further since 2001.Rare: European population is <10,000 breeding pairs (or <40,000 wintering individuals), and is not marginal to a larger non-European population.

Slide9

Supplements to the Swedish Annex 4Since…. not all species of concern are represented in Sweden and therefore not represented in the Appendix 4 (for instance Lesser & Greater Spotted Eagle)some species do fulfil the Annex 4-criteria in other of the six countries examined, and since…we now have this new BLI-publication on Species of European Conservation Concern

highlightning

some new

species

……..

The Swedish list has been supplemented with another 23 species, making a total of 85 (but still to be discussed if they are all ‘forest-species’!)

Slide10

Reason(s) for adoption

English name

Internationally

Nationally

Common Goldeneye

None

Red Listed

in DK (VU)

Short-

t

oed

Eagle

Annex I

Red Listed

in DK (RE), EE (CR), LV (1), LT ( 0 (Ex))

Eurasian

Buzzard

None

Red Listed

in FI (VU)

Lesser

Spotted

Eagle

Annex I

Red Listed

in EE (NT), LV (3), LT (3 ( R ))

Greater

Spotted

Eagle

IUCN-W (VU), Eur (EN), Annex I, SPEC 1

Red Listed

in EE (CR), FI (CR), LV (3), LT (1 ( E ))

Common Kestrel

SPEC 3

Red Listed

in LV (1) LT (1 ( E ))

Eurasian

Hobby

None

Red Listed

in DK (EN), LT (3 ( R ))

Green

Sandpiper

None

Red Listed in

DK

(VU)

European

Turtle

Dove

IUCN-W (VU), Eur (VU), EU-27 (VU), SPEC 1

Red Listed

in DK (NT), FI (CR)

Ural

Owl

Annex I

Red Listed

in LV (3), LT (3 ( R ))

Common

Kingfisher

EUR (VU), Annex I, SPEC 3

Red Listed

in EE (NT), FI (CR), LV (3), LT (3 ( R )), SE (VU)

European Roller

Annex I, SPEC 2

Red Listed

in DK (RE), EE (CR), LV (1), LT (1 ( E )), SE (RE)

Tree

Pipit

SPEC 3

None

Redwing

IUCN-W (NT), Eur (NT) EU-27 (VU),

SPEC

1

None

Arctic

Warbler

None

Red Listed

in FI (VU) and SE (EN)

Willow

Warbler

SPEC 3

None

Spotted

Flycatcher

SPEC 2

None

Crested

Tit

None

Red Listed

in FI (VU)

Eurasian

Nuthatch

None

Red Listed

in FI (VU)

Sibirian

Jay

None

Red Listed

in FI (NT)

Brambling

EU-27 (VU), SPEC 3

Red Listed

in FI (VU)

European

Greenfinch

None

Red Listed

in FI (VU)

Eurasian

Bullfinch

None

Red Listed

in FI (VU)

Slide11

Ending up in ‘The Long List’

Here you find all 85 species with:

their status on as well the international red lists as the national lists,

the average generation length,

the actual size of population,

the share of EU-27-population in each country

the trends in population within short and long term, and

their national rareness

- all of which are indicators telling whether a given species in a given country should be of conservation concern.

Slide12

Still more candidates to come…Analysing the total amount of forest species within the six countries around the Baltic Sea leaves a group of ‘coming ups’ or ‘candidates’ which does not (yet) fulfil the criteria set up for being priority species.These species are undergoing decline in one or more countries to such a degree that they are suspected to fulfil the

criteria at the next revision of this tool.

Unless of course they could find help in those measures hopefully developed as a

follow up

on this study to help species already fulfilling the criteria.

The candidates are also listed in the tool in a special tab (named ‘Candidates’).

Slide13

The difference between ‘Europe’ and ‘EU-27’

SPEC-report refers to ‘Europe

’

Slide14

24

11

1

15

Annex

I

38

Eur-Red

7

SPEC

33

IUCN-World

5

Listed in total: 57

2

3

1

Number of species within the six countries which are internationally listed

Slide15

The EU-27 Red List add one more:

Rough-Legged Buzzard, EN

SPEC 1

SPEC 2

SPEC 3

Red List status for species which figures on more than one Red List is given in following order: IUCN-World,

Eur

-Red

Internationally listed forest bird-species

in DK, ES, FI, LV, LT, & SE

RE

Regionally Extinct

CR

Critically

Endangered

EN

Endangered

VU

Vulnerable

NT

Near

Threatened

Black Stork

Whooper Swan

European Honey Buzzard

White-tailed Sea Eagle

Short-toed Eagle

Lesser Spotted Eagle

Golden Eagle

Osprey

Merlin

Peregrine Falcon

Northern Hazel-grouse

Western

Capercaillie

Common Crane

Hawk Owl

Eurasian Pygmy Owl

Ural Owl

Tengmalm's

Owl

Grey Headed Woodpecker

Black Woodpecker

Middle Spotted Woodpecker

White-backed Woodpecker

Eurasian Three-toed

Woodpecker

Red-breasted Flycatcher

Collared Flycatcher

Common Kestrel

Common Swift

Northern

Wryneck

Tree

Pipit

Whinchat

Willow

Warbler

Goldcrest

Spotted

Flycatcher

Willow Tit

Sibirian Tit

Common

Starling

Brambling

European

Serin

Common Rosefinch Yellowhammer

Red-throated Diver Smew Black Kite Eurasian Black Grouse Eurasian Eagle Owl Great Grey Owl European Nightjar European Roller Wood Lark Red-backed Shrike Ortolan Bunting

Willow Grouse VU

Red Kite NT, NTGreater Spotted Eagle VU, EN

European Turtle-dove VU, VURedwing NT, NTRustic Bunting VU, VU

Common Kingfisher VU

Slide16

International responsibilities – an overviewIUCN Red List (World) (5 species represented)BLI SPEC-species (33 species represented)European Red List (7 species represented)

EU-27 Red List (12 species represented)

Birds Directive, Annex I (38 species represented)

A total og 57

Slide17

Nationally red listed species – some statistics

Country

Number of breeding forest species of conservation concern

Of these nationally

red listed

Pct.

Denmark

52

23

44

Estonia

72

27

38

Finland

74

31

42

Latvia

73

31

42

Lithuania

71

32

45

Sweden

77

38

49

Slide18

Birds Directive, Annex IBeing an Annex I-species in it self means that everyone should show more than basic awareness – also if the population is stable or even increasing.If an Annex-I-species is declining or depleted in a specific country, more awareness should be paid.

Slide19

Relative abundanceFrom the statistics it is known how huge a share of the total EU-27-population is breeding in each of the countries.If that share is higher than the share of territory belonging to that same country, the relative abundance is higher than the average.The higher the more awareness should be paid.The indicator is simply quantified by dividing the share of territory (in %) into the share of population (in %).

Values >1 indicates relatively higher abundance than average.

Slide20

A short bonus informationBased on the analysis of the EU-data it could be seen that for some species nearly the total EU-population breeds in the six countries examined. For instance the six countries holds 90 % or more of the total EU-population of the following 14 forest species of conservation concern (share in ( )):Hawk Owl (100)Redwing (100)

Red-flanked

Bluetail

(100)

Arctic

Warbler (100)

Siberian

Jay (100)Siberian Tit (100)Red Crossbill (99,9)Brambling (99,9)Great Grey Owl (99,8)

Greenish Leaf Warbler (99,7)Eurasian Black Grouse (96,2)Green Sandpiper (94,5)Common Rosefinch (94,0)

Northern Hazel-Grouse (90,1)

Slide21

Population size and rareness(rareness indicator)

Total

area

:

11,185,500 km2

BLI-definition of ‘rareness’:

< 10,000 pairs

~0.9 pair/1000 km2

DK

EE

FI

LV

LT

SE

Rareness

threshold

40

40

300

60

60

400

Rareness indicator: Threshold/Population

>

1 = Rare

Slide22

Population trendsIn working with the awareness indicators, a tool has been set up, which based on official EU-data gives: the actual size of populationthe percentage of population in all EU member states

the trend (in short (~10 years) and long (~30 years) term)

Slide23

‘K’ & ‘r’-strategists:

‘K’

‘r’

Typically

long generations

Typically

short generations

A

tendency

to

be

more

vulnerable

A

tendency

to

be

less

vulnerable

Generation length – why important?

Slide24

8 awareness criteria, 4 levelsA Short Term decline would only call for ‘High Awareness’ since you have no evidencewhether the decline is just temporary

Slide25

Example: Nuthatch in SwedenIn Sweden the Nuthatch only needs ‘Basic Awareness’ since it seems to do quite well with forestry for now.

Slide26

Example: Nuthatch in FinlandIn Finland the Nuthatch calls for more awareness since it is very rare and Red Listed as Vulnerable

Slide27

Example: Greater Spotted Eagle in EstoniaIn Estonia the Greater Spotted Eagle needs very high awareness as well from an international point of view (SPEC 1 & Annex 1, declining) as a national point of view (Red Listed (CR), declining in as well long as short term, and extremely rare). Besides very long generation length.

Slide28

Example Black Stork in LatviaIn Latvia the Black Stork needs high and very high awareness as well from an international as a national point of view. Even though it is now a Non-SPEC, it is Annex 1, declining and shows a very high relative abundance (more than twice the average). At national level it is Red Listed (3), declining in as well long as short term, and rather rare. Besides rather long generation length.

Slide29

New ‘coming ups’ to be aware of

Even though Finland still holds a population of 680,000 pairs of Willow Tit and thereby have a relative abundance more than three times higher than the EU-27 average, the Willow Tit is declining in

long as well as

short term and is to day Red-Listed (VU).

Internationally it is SPEC 3.

Slide30

Adopted

Species

Reason(s) for adoption

English name

Internationally

Nationally

Common Goldeneye

None

Red Listed

in DK (VU)

Short-Toed Eagle

Annex I

Red Listed

in DK (RE), EE (CR), LV (1), LT ( 0 (Ex))

Eurasian Buzzard

None

Red Listed

in FI (VU)

Lesser Spotted Eagle

Annex I

Red Listed

in EE (NT), LV (3), LT (3 ( R ))

Greater Spotted Eagle

IUCN-W (VU), Eur (EN), Annex I, SPEC 1

Red Listed

in EE (CR), FI (CR), LV (3), LT (1 ( E ))

Common Kestrel

SPEC 3

Red Listed

in LV (1) LT (1 ( E ))

Eurasian Hobby

None

Red Listed

in DK (EN), LT (3 ( R ))

Green Sandpiper

None

Red Listed in

DK

(VU)

European Turtle Dove

IUCN-W (VU), Eur (VU), EU-27 (VU), SPEC 1

Red Listed

in DK (NT), FI (CR)

Ural Owl

Annex I

Red Listed

in LV (3), LT (3 ( R ))

Common

Kingfisher

EUR (VU), Annex I, SPEC 3

Red Listed

in EE (NT), FI (CR), LV (3), LT (3 ( R )), SE (VU)

European Roller

Annex I, SPEC 2

Red Listed

in DK (RE), EE (CR), LV (1), LT (1 ( E )), SE (RE)

Tree Pipit

SPEC 3

None

Redwing

IUCN-W (NT), Eur (NT) EU-27 (VU),

SPEC

1

None

Arctic

Warbler

None

Red Listed

in FI (VU) and SE (EN)

Willow Warbler

SPEC 3

None

Spotted FlycatcherSPEC 2

NoneCrested TitNoneRed Listed in FI (VU)Eurasian NuthatchNoneRed Listed in FI (VU)Sibirian JayNoneRed Listed in FI (NT)BramblingEU-27 (VU), SPEC 3Red Listed in FI (VU)European GreenfinchNoneRed Listed in FI (VU)Eurasian BullfinchNoneRed Listed in FI (VU)

Several ‘common species’ among the adopted species

Slide31

More are candidates to come (?)Here the trends in Denmark for the 12 candidates.Notice the Short Term trends which might be an early warning!

Slide32

The protection part of the toolA part of the ‘awareness tool’ is a tool making a total overview of actual legislative protection measures for all 85 species in all six countries.The tool lines up for each of the species in each of the countries:Whether the nest

is

protected (all year/breeding season/not)

Whether the surroundings are protected

This information is displayed below with the Awareness Indicators for each species [if information is missing – please confirm with national authorities]

Slide33

Some early findingsProtection of nests:Most countries have implemented the ‘prohibition of deliberate destruction’ from the Birds DirectiveExcept for Finland where this does not apply for forestry (!)Some countries have all-year-round protection of nests of specific species (eagles and Black Stork for instance):

Slide34

Scientific name

English

name

DK

EE

FI

LV

Ciconia nigra

Black Stork

x

x

-

x

Milvus migrans

Black

Kite

-

x

Milvus milvus

Red

Kite

x

-

-

x

Haliaeetus albicilla

White-

tailed

Sea

Eagle

x

x

x

x

Circaetus

gallicus

Short-

toed

Eagle

-

x

-

x

Accipiter gentilis

Nothern

Gooshawk

x

Clanga pomarina

Lesser

Spotted

Eagle

-

x

-

x

Clanga clanga

Greater

Spotted

Eagle

-

x

x

x

Aquila chrysaetos

Golden

Eagle

x

x

x

xPandion haliaetusOspreyxxxxFalco peregrinusPeregrine FalconxTetrao urogallusWestern Capercaillie-xColumba oenasStock DovexGlaucidium passerinumEurasian Pygmy

Owl-xAegolius funereusTengmalm's OwlxCoracias garrulusEuropean Roller--xPicus viridis

Green Woodpecker

xDendrocopos mediusMiddle Spotted Woodpecker-

xDendrocopos leucotosWhite-backed Woodpecker-

xPicoides tridactylusEurasian Three-toed

Woodpecker

-

x

”x” means nest

protected all year

”-” means

not breeding

Slide35

Some early findings, continuedNest surroundings:Only EE & LV do have legislative protecting measures for surroundingsFI have protected by Nature Conservation Act the sites of a few species - it is forbidden to destroy or deteriorate

sites

important for the following species:

Black Kite

White-tailed Sea Eagle

Greater Spotted Eagle

Golden Eagle

Peregrine FalconWhite-backed WoodpeckerSome other countries have recommendations (SE have for 66 species and brings the recommendations in force when giving permits for clear-cuttings)The Estonian and Latvian protection measures in form of micro-reserves (MR) are outstanding.

Slide36

Latvia

Slide37

Latvia

Slide38

Summing upA tool is developed which is highlighting the conservation concern for 85 forest speciesGiving an overview in form of eight ‘Awareness Indicators’ for all 85 species in six countries giving no less than 510 different ‘Awareness Profiles’STILL missing those 12 ‘coming up’-species, which might be candidates to future red lists (but which are dealt with in another tab of the tool)Giving a short overview of the actual protection measures in force in each country.

Slide39

So what do we need?To get the listed species off the listsTo prevent upcoming species from ending thereTo develop hard and soft measures to fulfil thisLegislative as well as ‘private’ (certification)