Preview Under the Shogun Japan was firmly organized under the Tokugawa shogunate Under Japans Tokugawa shogunate social status was passed down through families It was closely tied to military rank or way of earning a living Members of one social class could not move up to another social ID: 679407
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Slide1
Japanese Society
6
th Grade UBD - Unit 5 – Japanese SocietySlide2
Preview
Under the Shogun
- Japan was firmly organized under the Tokugawa shogunate. Under Japan’s Tokugawa shogunate, social status was passed down through families. It was closely tied to military rank or way of earning a living. Members of one social class could not move up to another social class. A person’s social class affected all parts of life.
Japanese Cultural Treasures
-
Under the Tokugawa shogunate, several parts of Japanese culture grew and changed.Slide3
Reach Into Your Background
For hundreds of years, Japan developed its unique culture with influence from only its closest neighbors, China and Korea. Create a list of five facts you know about Japanese culture today. (5 minutes)Slide4
Partner Activity
Work with a neighbor and compare your answer with theirs. What things are the same and what things are different?
(3 minutes)Slide5
Key Ideas- Under the Shogun
The emperor was considered to be descended from the gods but had no political power.
The shogun, or supreme military dictator, was the real ruler of the country.
Large landowners, or daimyo, controlled local people through samurai warriors who were loyal to them.
Peasants made up most of the population and worked the land for the daimyo.Slide6
Japanese Society
The Japanese people believed their emperor was descended from the gods, but by about 400 the emperor was little more than a religious symbol.Slide7
Key Term
Emperor
- A
male leader of an empire or a ruler who has total power in a country or region. Slide8
Key Term
Shogun
-
T
he
highest-ranking samurai or general who received
the title of Shogun for
some great victory on behalf of the emperor. Slide9
Key Term
Daimyo
- Regional lords
who controlled
local territories and had their own group of loyal samurai. All daimyo shared an equal title, but some were more powerful than others.Slide10
Emperor, Shogun, and Daimyo
Real power was in the hands of the noble families, who often fought each other to gain political control.Slide11
Emperor, Shogun, and Daimyo
In 1185,
Yoritomo
of the
Minamoto
clan gained power against his rivals and claimed the title shogun: supreme military dictator.Slide12
Emperor, Shogun, and Daimyo
The noble families and the shogun relied on the military support of armed warriors called samurai.
Samurai were loyal to the shogun or the family they served. Slide13
The End of Feudalism
By the mid-1300s, when the shogun had lost much of his power, Japan developed a feudal system with no central power.
Regional lords called daimyo controlled local territories and had their own groups of loyal samurai.Slide14
The End of Feudalism
The period of 1467–1603 was one of civil war, as daimyo fought each other for wealth and power. Slide15
The End of Feudalism
A samurai named
Toyotomi
Hideyoshi
defeated his rivals and united all of Japan under his rule.
However, because he was of peasant birth, he could not become shogun. Slide16
The End of Feudalism
Hideyoshi
issued a law that made the classes of Japanese society permanent: Samurai were at the top; peasants, who were farmers, were below the samurai; artisans came next; and merchants were the lowest class of society.Slide17
Japanese Feudal SocietySlide18
The End of Feudalism
After
Hideyoshi’s
death, Tokugawa
Ieyasu
became shogun and won control of Japan.
He began the Tokugawa shogunate, which ruled Japan for 265 years. Slide19
The End of Feudalism
Powerful landowners and samurai were required to live in Edo the capital city every other year.
In this way, the shogun ensured that the landowners would not gain regional power and become rivals of the Tokugawa family.Slide20
Key Term
Samurai
-
A
Japanese warrior who was a member of the military upper classes.Slide21
Key Term
Bushido
- Or
the way of the
warrior is the traditional
code of the Japanese samurai, stressing honor, self-discipline, bravery, and simple living.Slide22
The Way of the Warrior
Although they had many privileges, the samurai had to live their lives according to a strict code called Bushido, or the way of the warrior.Slide23
The Way of the Warrior
This code required the samurai to be brave, skilled in battle, loyal, honest, and willing to sacrifice themselves in service of their lord.
Samurai were even expected to commit ritual suicide if their daimyo ordered them to. Slide24
The Way of the Warrior
The samurai owed loyalty to the emperor, his parents, his master, his teachers, and his friends.
By showing such obedience and loyalty, the samurai set an example of ideal citizenship for the lower orders.Slide25
Creating a Samurai Sword
Video-
Creating a Samurai SwordSlide26
Code of the Samurai
Reading Handout- Code of the SamuraiSlide27
Social Rank
Families arranged marriages, and women had few rights in marriage.
The samurai practiced cultural activities, such as painting, flower arranging, calligraphy, and writing poetry.Slide28
Social Rank
Women who were related to samurai had their own strict rules to follow.
A woman of the samurai class was obligated to obey her parents as a child, her husband as a wife, and her sons when they were grown.Slide29
Social Rank
Peasants made up the great majority of the population. They had very little power in society.
For example, they were not free to leave their daimyo’s land and seek other work in the towns.Slide30
Rice in Japan’s Economy
Because the peasants produced food, they were essential to the foundation of the state in feudal Japan.
As a result, the shogun and daimyo needed to keep the peasants happy but not allow them to gain too much power.Slide31
Rice in Japan’s Economy
Although merchants occupied the bottom of the social structure, many of them became rich by shrewdly buying and selling rice.
For all classes, the economy of Japan was based on a rice standard.Slide32
Merchants
As Japanese society became more urban, a money economy began to develop.
Because daimyo and their samurai needed cash to pay for goods, services, and their luxurious lifestyles, they often found themselves in debt to merchants.Slide33
Key Ideas- Japanese Cultural Treasures
Zen, a Japanese form of Buddhism, was the chosen religion of the samurai class.
Woodblock printmaking developed as an art form. It captured the lively city life of the merchant class.
Haiku, a traditional Japanese form of poetry, was at its height during the Tokugawa
shogunate
.Slide34
Buddhism
Video-
BuddhismSlide35
Zen Buddhism
The preferred religion of the samurai was Zen Buddhism, which was a branch of Buddhism.
Zen teachers guided their students in meditation through the use of stories, dialogues, and metaphors.Slide36
The Floating World
In Edo and other cities, wealthy merchants developed an art form called
ukiyo
-e
, or “the floating world.”
In this form of art, the natural world is shown in brief moments of unreal beauty, such as a snowfall or the blossoming of cherry trees.Slide37
17 Syllables
Japanese writers also developed new form of poetry called a haiku.
A haiku is a poem in 17 syllables, divided into three lines of five, seven, and five syllables.Slide38
Haiku
The years of the Tokugawa shogunate were the “golden age” of haiku, but the form is still popular in Japan today.Slide39
Key Term
Haiku
- A
three-line poem with five syllables in the first line, seven syllables in the second line, and five syllables in the third line. These poems do not rhyme.Slide40
How to Write a Haiku
Video- How to Write a HaikuSlide41
Independent Activity
Write a short one page story from the perspective of a samurai, a shogun, or a lord about life in feudal Japan.Slide42
Independent Activity
What has been the “muddiest” point so far in this lesson? That is, what topic remains the least clear to you? (4 minutes)Slide43
Partner Activity
Work with a neighbor and compare your muddiest point with theirs. Compare what things are the same and what things are different? (3 minutes)