137748 Applied Biochemistry in Nutritional Science Email anusornckkuacth Elearning httpagskkuactheLearning137748 Metabolism of Nutrients in Muscle and Adipose Tissue Introduction ID: 780719
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Slide1
Anusorn
Cherdthong
, PhD
137748 Applied Biochemistry in Nutritional Science
Email: anusornc@kku.ac.th
E-learning:
http://ags.kku.ac.th/eLearning/137748
Metabolism of Nutrients in Muscle and Adipose Tissue
Slide2Introduction
Protein and lipid are more importance role in muscle and tissue
Storage and excretion when required
Some metabolism are similar to liver metabolism
Muscle cell---protein storage
Adipose tissue---
triacylglyceride
storage
Slide3Riis (1983)
Metabolism in muscle cell
Slide4Metabolism pathway
In muscle cell
Protein synthesis
Protein
lysis
In
adipose tissue
Triacylglyceride degradationTriacylglyceride storageLipogenesisControl of fatty acid synthesis
Slide5Protein synthesis
Transcription:
messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (
rRNA
), transfer RNA (
tRNA
) and
small nuclear RNA (snRNA)InitiationElongationTerminationTranslationInitiationElongationTermination
Slide6McDonald et al. (2011)
Protein synthesis in muscle
Slide7McDonald et al. (2011)
tRNA
molecule
Slide8McDonald et al. (2011)
RNA Translation
Slide9Protein
lysis
Required
proteinases
Lower rate than liver—low
proteinases
proteinases enzymescathepsin D alkaline proteinases: Ca2+-activated proteinase or –factor (CAF)
Low protein
lysis
low
protein synthesis
Stress---high protein
lysis
Slide10Lipid metabolism
Occurred at
adipocyte
of adipose tissue
Control—
triacylglyceride
, free FA
Provide various substances--- adipokineInduce by hungry, diets, digestion/absorption system, hormone, CNS etc
Slide11Riis (2983)
Metabolism in adipose tissue
Slide12Triacylglyceride
degradation
Control by hormone system
End products are FA and gly
cerol
FA—oxidation---energy (95%)
5% energy from glycerol
Slide13Nelson and Cox (2000)
Triacylglyceride
degradation
Slide14Nelson and Cox (2000)
Triacylglyceride
degradation control
Slide15Triacylglyceride
storage
Increase after feeding
LDL synthesis at adipose—induce by insulin
glycolytic
enzyme
phosphofructokinase-1---.>fructose 2,6-bisphosphate Fatty acyl CoA + glycerol-3-phosphate-triacylglycerol Insulin induce glucose -FA
Slide16Lipogenesis
In ruminant occurred 92% in adipose tissue
Substrate: C2 and C4
Energy from NADPH, ATP
NADPH—
isocitrate
and oxaloacetate In non ruminant occurred in liverSubstrate: glucoseNADPH---pentose shunt --malate dehydrogenase
Slide17Van
Soest
(1982)
FA
syvthesis
in adipose tissue of ruminant
Slide18Control
of fatty acid synthesis
Hormone controlled
Insulin: induce FA synthesis
Transfer glucose into cell
Activated
pyruvate dehydrogenase Enzyme:acetyl-CoA carboxylase acitvate by citrate NADPH
Slide19Conclusion
1
2
Protein and lipid are major metabolism
Muscle storage protein while adipose was storage
tryacylglyceride
3
Protein
metabolism: RNA transcription, translation
4
Triacylglycerols
metabolism was differ among specie animals
Slide20Thank you!