Bombacaceae, Sterculiaceae, Tiliaceae) - PDF document

ASTER ( incl. Bombacaceae, Sterculiaceae, Tiliaceae) Sarcolaenaceae Thymelaeaceae �w K often valvate, petals contorted, A often ; mucilage plunger sec. pollination device (long style) nodes trilacunar inulin, sesquiterpenes, secoiridoids Pentaphragmataceae Rousseace ae Campanulaceae ( incl. Lobeliaceae ) Stylidiaceae endo- sperm scanty DIPS ( incl. Dipsacaceae Diervillaceae Linnaeaceae Morinaceae Valerianaceae ) MBORELLLES PILES Pennantiaceae Araliaceae Pittosporaceae AQUIFOLI Aquifoliaceae Stemonuraceae RRY GENTI MILES SOL Convolvulaceae ( incl. incl. Nolanaceae) Sphenocleaceae incl. Asclepiadaceae) Rubiaceae incl. Aucubaceae) ERIC CORN Grubbiaceae Loasaceae Hydrostachyaceae Nyssaceae LV BR CUCURBITA ROS FA OX MA CEL MYRTA GER ROSSOSOMLES CA IPERLES LA MAG VITA SA GUNNER Salvadoraceae Tovariaceae Tropaeolaceae FAGA Ticodendraceae Corynocarpaceae Datiscaceae Coriariaceae Cucurbitaceae Tetramelaceae YMPHLES A USTROBA ZY DILLENI Oxalidaceae Surianaceae ( incl. Cecropiaceae) Celastraceae ( incl. Hippocrateaceae, Brexiaceae, Parnassiaceae ) Lepidobotryaceae Podostemaceae Rhizophoraceae Violaceae Combretaceae Myrtaceae Penaeaceae ( incl. Oliniaceae) Lythraceae ( incl. Punicaceae, Sonneratiaceae, Trapaceae) Melastomataceae ( incl. Memecylaceae) Onagraceae Vochysiaceae Francoaceae ( incl. Ledocarpaceae, Melianthaceae, Vivianiaceae ) Crossosomataceae Stachyuraceae Strasburgeriaceae Staphyleaceae Vitace ae M AG �w A epipetalous; perianth often simple, valvate, persisting ; fr drupe, one-seeded polyacetylenes, triterpene sapogenins, silicic acid Dilleniaceae ( incl. Illiciaceae) Trimeniace ae ae Winteraceae Monimiaceae ( incl. Hydnoraceae ) Piperaceae Saurura ceae woody, vessels lacking; dioecious; �w T5 – 8, A – aquatic, herbaceous; cambium absent; aerenchyma; �w T4–12, A1– alkaloids ( no benzylisoquinolines) woody, vessels solitary; �w T>10, A tiglic acid, aromatic terpenoids aromatic terpenoids endosperm ruminate mostly herbaceous; without mycorrhiza G often unilocular with free-central placentation betalains or anthocyanins (latter, e.g., in Caryophyllaceae) fr mostly dry, dehiscent �w A obdiplostemonous, nectary outside A; fr capsule ethereal oils, ellagic acid �w K valvate, persisting, A incurved in bud, ovary inferior, ovules many endosperm scanty, scaly bark, habits and habitats extremely diverse lvs margins toothed �w A5 or multiple, branched style common oxalates mostly A10; fr a pod; symbiosis with root nodule bacteria diverse alkaloids, NP amino acids, lectins ( in Fabaceae) lvs mostly alternate cucurbitacins myrosin cells, glucosinolates intrastaminal disk, G inferior; fr drupaceous diverse iridoids mostly sympetalous C enclosing A and G in bud style single, long nectary gynoecial ovules unitegmic endosperm cellular iridoids + lvs teeth often theoid; nodes unilacunar nonhydrolyzable tannins, ellagic acid, triterpenoids, hydroquinones colleters indole alkaloids, iridoids late sympetaly A often 2(+2); gland-headed hairs with radially arranged cells oligosaccharides cornoside, verbascoside (acetoside) diverse alkaloids, no iridoids woody (except Apiaceae) mericarp/carpophore) secoiridoids early sympetaly embryo short ellagic acid A epipetalous, 2 ovules per carpel; raphides, pearl glands berries cork origin deep-seated endosperm lacking resinous, lignans / neolignans, harman alkaloids iridoids (aucubin), gutta �w mostly K5, persisting, mostly A pollen tricolpate protandry common �w K/C/P opp A stomata anomocytic microsporogenesis simultaneous “Early Angiosperms” BOR Boraginaceae Codonaceae Coldeniaceae Cordiaceae Ehretiaceae (+ Lennoaceae) Heliotropiaceae Hydrophyllaceae Wellstediaceae calcium oxalate as crystals isokestose, higher inulins, pyrrolizidine alkaloids polyandry rare ACOR ALISMTA PETROSVI DIOSCORE PA ILILES AREC LES OMMELINLES ZIN ASPA M ONOCOTS COMMELINI Bromeliaceae Eriocaulaceae Poaceae Restionaceae Xyridaceae Rapateaceae Typhaceae ( incl. Sparganiace ae ) Dasypogonaceae Haemodoraceae Hanguanaceae ae Strelitziaceae ( incl. Agapanthaceae, Alliaceae ) Hypoxidaceae Iridaceae ( incl. ) Lanariaceae Orchidaceae Tecophilaeaceae ( incl. Xanthorrhoeaceae, Hemerocallidaceae ) Triuridaceae Velloziaceae Scheuchzeriaceae Aponogetonaceae Hydrocharitaceae Potamogetonaceae To�eldiaceae Araceae Juncaginaceae Ruppiaceae Petrosaviaceae scattered bundles in stem no secondary thickening mostly herbaceous pollen monosulcate protein crystals sympodial branching lvs parallel-veined, entire no glandular teeth P 3-merous, A opp. P anthers broadly attached septal nectary single cotyledon radicle not persistent stem-borne roots numerous ethereal oils / green capsule or berry phytomelan phytomelan in stems, chelidonic acid often twining vines; lvs often reticulate ovary often inferior, style short, branched; steroidal sapogenins / alkaloids woody, often monopodial alkaloids lvs grassy; �w often anemophilous, minute, chaffy, without nectaries phenylphenalenones A often strongly modi�ed/reduced, G inferior silicic acid East Asia UV-�uorescing cell walls ( ) silicic acid in leaves aggregated into scallops TOPHYLL Ceratophyllaceae – 10*, A1, G1, 1 apical ovule/carpel pollen inaperturate, pollen tube branched, hydrophilous eustele sieve tube plastids lvs simple, persistent, entire �w strobilar, perfect, parts free P parts varying, often in threes, anthers tetrasporangiate pollen monosulcate (style short in most) nectaries absent siphonogamy endosperm embryo very small cymose seed single ellagic acid lacking nodes trilacunar sesquiterpenes benzylisoquinoline alkaloids embryo sac 8-nucleate endosperm triploid ethereal oils in spherical idioblasts (pellucid dots) usually Chloranthaceae – 3, A1 – SA ethereal oils HUERTE Dipentodontaceae Petenaeaceae Tapisciaceae lvs margins toothed, stipules cauline �w small, A and opposite K, ovules 1-2/carpel G R A D E CRYPHI Paracryphiaceae BRUNI Bruniaceae Columelliaceae ( incl. Desfontainia ) ESC Escalloniaceae ICRMNILES Picramniaceae trees, dioecious, lvs compound, extra�oral nectaries bark bitter, anthraquinones embryo large M A L V I D S A S T E R I D S L A M II D S C A M P A N U L I D S E A R L Y A N G I O S P E R M S E U D I C O T S E U D I C O T S C O R E Angiosperm Phylogeny Theodor C. H. Cole, Dipl. Biol. Hartmut H. Hilger, Prof. Dr. Freie Universität Berlin Altensteinstr. 6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany Peter F. Stevens, Ph.D. and – St. Louis - Angiosperm Phylogeny Poster Tracheophyte Phylogeny Poster Bryophyte Phylogeny Poster CHLOR METTENIUS Metteniusaceae IC Oncothecaceae Icacinaceae Metteniusa NE Andes, lvs anthers sagittate endosperm copious indole and quinoline alkaloids (camptothecin) RYOPHYLL SAA BERBERI Balanophoraceae Viscaceae Tamaricaceae PROTE RA ROCHOENLES BUX Buxaceae ( incl. Haptanthaceae) Trochodendraceae Nelumbonaceae Platanaceae Proteaceae Sabiaceae Berberidaceae Eupteleaceae Menispermaceae Ranunculaceae Circaeasteraceae Lardizabalaceae Papaveraceae lvs often divided; �w parts whorled, P single or multiple whorls berberines A epitepalous, connectives sometimes with apical appendage woody; vessels lacking; �w tepals missing, A pregnane pseudoalkaloids recepta - cular nectary common benzylisoquinolines HLILES Vahliaceae fr septicidal capsule, K/C/A persistent; seeds minute iridoids A N A © The Authors, 2019/2 ( CC-BY ) Burseraceae Sapindaceae Biebersteiniaceae Meliaceae Rutaceae Simaroubaceae Haloragaceae Peridiscaceae Cercidiphyllaceae Daphniphyllaceae Hamamelidaceae Paeoniaceae Crassulaceae ethereal oils not in idioblasts diplostemonous pollen tricolporate style + endosperm nuclear ellagic and gallic acids seed exo - testal embryo long Ca oxalate raphides endosperm nuclear helobial P E N T A P E T A L A E C distinct tube epipetalous 1/1/1 1/1/6 absent stipules R O S I D S S U P E R R O S I D S F A B I D S embryo large endosperm scanty COM clade S U P E R A S T E R I D S Plantaginaceae Byblidaceae Martyniaceae Pedaliaceae Stilbace ae Phrymaceae Verbenaceae CYC GINK EPHE W ELW GNETUM CONIFERS FERNS ( incl. HORSETA ) SEE PL L YCOPHYTES A ASTERI MAG MONOCOTS GYMNOSPERMS AN FA LVI LA CAA HORNWORTS MOSSES IVERWORTS ROSI T R COLE TCH, HILGER HH, STEVENS PF (2019) Angiosperm Phylogeny Poster   phylogeny, classi�cation, and features chie�y follow and APG  64 orders and around 420 families currently recognized by APG IV (some minor families excluded here)  contrary to APG, but in compliance with APweb and other seminal sources, we here recognize several families within Boraginales  branch lengths deliberate, not expressing actual time scale    for family characteristics see: FGVP, Kubitzki K, ed. (1990 ff)  orders (and higher ranks) are linked to the according pages on  Ceratophyllum APweb – www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb 1/2014); Watson/Dallwitz (2018) Rubina Abid, Julien B. Bachelier, Przemysław Baranow, Zoltán Barina, Fernanda Antunes Carvalho, Christoph Dobeš, Ray F. Evert, Chen-Kun Jiang, Anna Kagiampaki, Kent Kainulainen, Elizabeth A. Kellogg, Sangtae Kim, Aslı Doğru-Koca, Nikos Krigas, Sanjay Kumar, Diego Medan, Sergei L. Mosyakin, So� Mursidawati, Dashzeveg Nyambayar, Anastasiya V. Odintsova, Richard G. Olmstead, Batlai Oyuntsetseg, Peter H. Raven, Yasaman Salmaki, Federico Selvi, Paramjit Singh, Douglas E. Soltis, Pramote Triboun, Zoya M. Tsymbalyuk, Magsar Urgamal, Maximilian Weigend, Michael Wink, Shahin Zarre Ericaceae Pentaphylacaceae Sarraceniaceae Balsaminaceae Styracaceae Symplocaceae Theaceae ae 14/1122/36205 15/112/2500 37/749/11620 22/346/11545 1/11/55 1/1/8 5/1121/19915 6-11/150/3095 11/1743/26870 Burmanniaceae Dioscoreaceae Nartheciaceae Taccace ae Thismiaceae