FNPC Canyon View Womens Care Adjunct Faculty BYU College of Nursing Objectives Discuss the aging process common physiologic changes and things you can do to prevent andor delay these changes TRICK amp ID: 913713
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Slide1
A: Aging with Grace
Kristen Wright
FNP-C, Canyon View Women’s Care
Adjunct Faculty, BYU College of Nursing
Slide2Objectives
Discuss the aging process, common physiologic changes and things you can do to prevent and/or delay these changes (TRICK &
TREAT
)Present ways to keep the body moving and prevent injuryDiscuss aging and the mindTouch on ways to avoid serious illnessReview preventive screenings and recommendations that are pertinent to health and wellness
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide3Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide4Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide5Key points:
organ
function
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide6Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide7SIGNIFICANCE OF CHANGES IN ORGAN FUNCTION
Stress is more significant
physical activity
extreme temperature changesdisordersSide effects from medicationsCertain organs more prone to malfunction with stressCV system, kidneys, brainHealth C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide8Eyes & Vision:
TRICK & TREAT
Changes in the lens
Stiff: hard to focus closerDense: hard to see in dim lightYellow: changes in color perceptionHealth C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide9Eyes & Vision:
TRICK & TREAT
Pupillary response is slower
Decrease in the number of nerve cells, affects depth perceptionHealth C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide10Eyes & Vision: TRICK & TREAT
Less fluid production causing dry eyes
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
arcus senilis
Slide11Eyes & Vision: TRICK & TREAT
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
ectropion
Slide12Eyes & Vision:
TRICK &
TREAT
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSNRoutine eye exam, including dilation
Slide13Ears & Hearing
TRICK & TREAT
Articulating consonants clearly may be more helpful than speaking more loudly to older people who have trouble understanding speech
.High-pitched sounds are particularly hard for older people to hear.Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Did You Know...
Slide14Ears & Hearing:
TRICK &
TREAT
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide15Mouth & Nose:
TRICK & TREAT
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide16Mouth & Nose: TRICK
&
TREAT
Manage underlying medical condition (side effect from medication, damaged salivary gland)Increase saliva (helps in chewing swallowing and cleaning the mouth)Good oral hygiene (soft brush, minimum of twice daily and floss) & include fluorideRegular dental visitsArtificial saliva products (OTC as rinse or spray, toothpaste, mouthwash, moisturizing gels or RX (Salagen, Evoxac); avoid rinses with alcohol or peroxideCarry water and drink frequently (day & night)Avoid chewing iceHard candy or sugarless gum with xylitol (sucking stimulates saliva flow). MODERATION
Eat soft, moist foods at room temperature & avoid foods high in salt or sugar
Avoid alcohol, caffeine or acidic beverages (fruit & tomato juices)
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide17Skin
:
TRICK & TREAT
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSNThinner, finely wrinkled, pigment changesLess oil production (dried skin)Less collagen (strength) and elastin (flexibility) causes tearingLess subcutaneous fat (protect, support, temperature control)Decreased number of nerve endings(↑ injury)Decreased number sweat glands & vessels; vessels more delicate
Slide18Skin: TRICK &
TREAT
Use sunscreen, minimum SPF 30
Have an good skin care regimenAesthetic procedures: topicals, laser therapy, injectionsAvoid smoking, pollution, stress, producing anatomical wrinklesPractice overall good health habits, regular exercise, nutritionRetinoids (vitamin A) may reduce fine lines and wrinkles (increases production of collagen, stimulates growth of new vessels, improves skin color and roughness) Takes minimum of 6 months, up to 12 monthsSE: irritation, sun sensitivityRX and OTC, can use with alpha hydroxyl acids (AHAs) for additional smoothing effects
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide19Heart & B
lood Vessels
:
TRICK & TREATHealth C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide20Heart & Blood
V
essels:
TRICK & TREATControl high blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes, obesity and smoking habitsEat a heart-healthy dietGet more exercise, exercise within your capabilities but DO IT regularly (if currently have heart disease or older, consult with provider first)Get regular check upsHealth C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide21Breathing & Lungs:
TRICK
& TREAT
Diaphragm weakensNumber of air sacks decreases (alveoli & capillaries)Less elasticityCilia less effective Weaker coughHealth C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide22Digestive System:
TRICK
& TREAT
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSNLess forceful contractionsSlower emptying & less elasticityLess lactase producedSlower movement
Smaller liver, less blood flow & enzyme production
Slide23Digestive System: TRICK &
TREAT
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Chew completely, softer foodsDecrease stomach acid in esophagus (via foods, pressure, lifestyle); caution with medicationsSlower movement
Slide24Kidneys & Urinary System:
TRICK
& TREAT
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide25Kidneys & Urinary System
:
TRICK & TREATHealth C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide26Reproductive System: TRICK
& TREAT
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide27Reproductive System: TRICK
&
TREAT
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide28Endocrine & Immune System:
TRICK & TREAT
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide29Musculoskeletal System:
TRICK & TREAT
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Decrease in bone density Changes in vertebrae and disks Cartilage thins Less joint fluid produced Ligaments & tendons less elastic
Change in lean muscle mass and body fat distribution
Slide30Musculoskeletal System
:
TRICK &
TREATKeep moving!Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide31Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide32“Exercise has
lipid lowering, antihypertensive, positive
inotrophic
, negative chronotrophic, vasodilating, diuretic, anorexigenic, weight reducing, cathartic, hypoglycemic, tranquilizing, hypnotic and antidepressant qualities.”Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide33Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Regular physical activity for
at least 30 min 5 times/week
Slide34MODERATE ACTIVITY
≥ 150 min/week
OR
VIGOROUS ACTIVITY ≥ 75 min/weekor 150 to 300 minutes per weekHealth C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide35One way increase the number of steps is to walk briskly for 30 minutes per day. This will add about 3000 steps.
CATEGORY
NUMBER OF STEPS
Sedentary˂ 5000Active10,000 to 12,500Very active
> 12,500
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide36Musculoskeletal System: TRICK &
TREAT
Clear
the clutter (wires, cords, and rugs)Bright and light (stairways, entrances, walkways & bathroom)Clean up spills
Do a “sole” check
Organize
Add grab
bars
Caution with pets
Know your drugs
Find balance & strength
See clearly
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide37Barriers
Lack of knowledge
Lack of interest
Lack of timeToo tiredHealth C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide38Start Walking
WEEK
Times per week
Warm upActive timeCool downTotal125 min slow walk5 min brisk walk
5 min slow walk
15 minutes
2
3
5
15
3
4
10
20
4
5
10
20
5
5
10
25
6
6
15
25
7
6
15
30
8
6
20
35
9
6
25
35
10
6
30
40
11
6
40
50
12
6
50
60
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Working & breathing faster
Starting to sweat
Able to talk, not sing
Slide39Start Working
ACTIVITY
PURPOSE
STARTING POINTMET GOAL?WEEK 1WEEK 2WEEK 3WEEK 4Aerobic
Resistance/
Weights
Balance
Stretching
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans
American
College of Sports Medicines:
Starting
a walking program
American Council on Fitness
NIH:
Walking…a
step in the right direction
CDC:
Why walk?
Why not
!
Slide40Injury with physical activity
PREVENT INJURY
Physical Therapy:
UltrasoundPhonophoresisIontophoresisTherapeutic ExercisesGait retrainingWeight lossNutrition, calcium and vitamin D3glucosaminTREAT INJURY
Warm up & cool down
Balance regimen
Know limits
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide41Age and the mind
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide42Brain & n
ervous system
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Number of cells decreasesNew connectionsNew cells formedRedundancyNeurotransmitters and receptors may changeBlood flow decreasesSignal conduction may be slower Repair to damaged cells may be slower
Slide43Brain & nervous
system:
TRICK &
TREATFRUSTRATIONSDifficulty remembering or coming up with the right wordDifficulty concentratingDifficulty learning new materialADAPTATIONSStress managementAdequate restAvoid smoking and alcoholProtect your brainEat smart and exercise regularlyHealth C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide44Memory changes: normal or not?
Can remain independent
Complains of memory loss but can recall forgetting things
More concerned about forgetting than family members areCan remember important events & conversationsOccasionally difficult to find wordsCan operate common appliancesMaintains social skillsDependent on others for regular activitiesCan’t remember when they forgotFamily members are more concernedHard to have conversations and can’t remember recent events Pauses when can’t remember words and substitutesLost in familiar placesCan’t operate common appliancesLoss of interest in social activities or inappropriate behaviorsHealth C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide45Foods to support cognition
Fruits (berries)
Vegetables (green leafy)
LegumesWhole grainsProtein (especially plant sources and fish)Healthy fats (olive oil or canola instead of saturated)Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide46Positive Thinking
Surveys show people tend to become happier after age 50 (& before serious decline)
Brain changes occur with focusing on personal strengths and living a more meaningful life
Identify your strengthsWisdomCourageHumanityJusticeTemperanceTranscendence
(from VIA Institute on Character)
Express thanks
Live in the moment and enjoy every day
Get lost in life, avoid distractions
Be mindful
Be compassionate toward yourself and others
Search for greater meaning
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide47Notes about supplements
SUPPLEMENT
Ginkgo
bilobaImproves blood flowDoesn’t prevent, maybe stabilizes symptomsNeed more studiesCaution, interactionsOmega-3 fatty
acids
Decrease inflammation
Need studies compared
to placebo
Huperzine
A
Increases acetylcholine (communication)
Need studies for safety &
effectiveness
Acetyl-L-carnitine
Amino acid
Better with early onset and rapid
decline
Need more studies
Vitamin E
May slow progression
Maybe risk of death with high doses
Asian
ginseng (
Panax
)
With ginkgo
Helps
with fatigue/quality of life
No proven benefit on memory
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide48Adequate rest
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide49Get recommended screenings
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
a
nd other professional groupsHealth C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide50Life is good
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN
Slide51Thank You
Health C.A.R.E. Series by Kristen Wright, FNP-C, APRN, MSN