Adapted 2011 There are two parts to MLA citation Parenthetical or intext citations Works Cited page But first things first Why use MLA citation To give credit to your source To help locate the original documents ID: 683150
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Slide1
MLA Citation
Krista Hoeksema
Adapted 2011Slide2
There are two parts to MLA citation…
Parenthetical or in-text citations
Works Cited page
But first things first…Slide3
Why use MLA citation?
To give credit to your source
To help locate the original documents
To give your writing credibility
To avoid plagiarismSlide4
What is plagiarism?
Using any information that is not common knowledge from any source and not giving proper credit through citation. You must cite ideas or words that are not your own or face
failure
of the assignment or possibly expulsion.Slide5
What needs to be cited in-text?
Direct quotations
ParaphrasesSlide6
Direct quotes
If more than 20 percent of your paper is quotes, which is someone’s exact words, then that’s too much! You want your paper to contain
your
writing. Too many quotes in a paper take away from the writer’s voice.Slide7
Proper citation for a direct quote in your text:
Example:
“Jane Doe spent most of her life as a recluse in her home, but she occasionally ventured out to parties where she let her hair down and danced on tables” (Boltjes 259) .
Author’s Last Name Page number Slide8
Citing a direct quote using a signal phrase that mentions the author in the paper:
Signal phrase Author
According to Boltjes, Doe “spent most of her life as a recluse in her home, but she occasionally ventured out to parties where she let her hair down and danced on tables” (259).
Page number*
*NOTE:
When the author is mentioned, you do not need to include the last name within the parentheses at the end of the quote. The page number is enough.Slide9
For direct quotes that are longer than four lines, you will want to set the quote off from the rest of your paper with a block quote.Slide10
At the end of “The Tell-Tale Heart”, the narrator’s calm facade steadily disintegrates:
The officers were satisfied. My MANNER had convinced them. I was singularly at ease. They sat and while I answered cheerily, they chatted of familiar things. But, ere long, I felt myself getting pale and wished them gone. My head ached, and I fancied a ringing in my ears; but still they sat, and still chatted. The ringing became more distinct: I talked more freely to get rid of the feeling: but it continued and gained definitiveness -- until, at length, I found that the noise was NOT within my ears. (Poe 247)
Double Space
1” Margin
Punctuation
Author
Page NumberSlide11
Paraphrases
Most of your paper will be made up of paraphrases…
Paraphrasing is another way of handling quotations. When paraphrasing, the writer relays the meaning in her own words.Slide12
An Example of Paraphrasing
Original quote:
“Jane Doe spent most of her life as a recluse in her home, but she occasionally ventured out to parties where she let her hair down and danced on tables” (Boltjes 259).
Paraphrase:
Although Jane Doe didn’t leave the house much, she did like to party every once in awhile (Boltjes 259).Slide13
Why is that a good paraphrase?
While it conveys the meaning of the quote, it is not too close to the author’s original words (wording and sentence structure is changed as much as possible), and it is cited correctly.Slide14
Tips for Paraphrasing
Read the passage and make sure you understand its meaning.
Think about how the passage relates to your paper.
Turn the paper over and write the main idea in your own words on a note card
(for more information on using note cards for you research paper, see the Writing Center’s handout on note taking)
.
Reread the quote making sure that you have not kept the same
structure or
merely changed a few words .Slide15
Citing In-text Without a Page Number
If you don’t have a page number for your source (as in an internet source), you may use either
the paragraph number
(Lewis par. 5) or
section name
(Brooks “Introduction”) in place of page numbers.Slide16
Citing In-text Without an Author
If your source does not have an author, you will then cite the title (shortened if necessary) of the book, article , or story in-text along with the page number or section name.
Example:
(“Traveling” par.19)Slide17
What is a Works Cited page?
A list of all sources that are referenced in your essay. It contains all the information that your reader needs to locate the sources cited in your essay.Slide18
Now what will your Works Cited page look like?
Works Cited
Barthelme, Frederick. “Architecture.”
Kansas Quarterly
13.3-4 (1981): 77-80. Print.
Quade
, Alex. “Elite Team Rescues Troops behind Enemy Lines.”
CNN.com.
Cable News Network, 19 Mar. 2007. Web. 15 May 2008. Slide19
Things to remember when making your Works Cited page
Center the words Works Cited-do not underline them-on a new page of your paper
Double space
Alphabetize all of your citations, even if your listing starts with a title
Start each new citation at the left margin; indent 5 spaces or a half inch for each subsequent line of an entrySlide20
Missing source information?
MLA now requires the following abbreviations to replace missing information:
n.p.:
No place of publication
or
No publisher given
n.d
. :
No date of publication
n.
pag
. :
No pagination given
NOTE: The initial N
in all of the abbreviations is capitalized if it follows a period, lowercase if it follows a comma or colonSlide21
The following slides will show examples of Works Cited entries based on the
MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers
. Slide22
Basic Book Entry Format
Author’s Last Name, First Name.
Title of Book
. City of Publication: Publisher, Year. Publication Medium.
Book with one author
[5.5.2]
:
Example:
Faulkner, William.
As I Lay Dying
. New York: Random, 1964. Print.
Book with two or more authors
[5.5.4]:
Example:
Anderson, Jack, and Bill
Pronzine
.
The Cambodia File
. New York: Doubleday, 1981. Print.Slide23
Two or More Works by the Same Author:
NOTE:
The name of the author will only appear in the first entry. In the rest of the entries by that author, three hyphens will replace the author’s name.
Example:
King, Stephen.
Dolores Claiborne
. New York: Viking, 1993. Print.
---.
The Shining
. New York: Doubleday, 1977. Print.Slide24
A Work in an Anthology [5.5.6]:
Author of Story. “Title of Story.”
Title of Book
. Name of Editor. Edition (if given). City of Publication: Publisher, Year. Page numbers of work. Publication Medium.
Example:
Poe, Edgar Allen. “The Black Cat.”
Literature: Approaches to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama
. Ed. Robert
DiYanni
. New York: McGraw, 2004. 130-135. Print.Slide25
Encyclopedia and Reference Book Article [5.5.7]:
Author of Article (if given). “Article Title.”
Title of Book
. City of Publication: Publisher, Year.
Publication Medium.
Example:
Springer, Marlene. “Edith
Newbold
James Wharton.”
American Women Writers from Colonial Times to the Present
. Ed.
Lina
Mainiero. 5 vols. New York: Frederick
Ungar, 1982. Print.*NOTE: For a specific definition among several, use abbreviation Def. and number/letter, e.g. Def. 2c
, after entry titleSlide26
Scholarly Journal Article [5.4.2]
Author. "Title of Article."
Title of Magazine
Volume Number. Issue Number (Year of Publication): Page(s). Publication Medium.
Example:
Barthelme, Frederick. “Architecture.”
Kansas Quarterly
13.3-4 (1981): 77-80. Print.Slide27
Government Publication [5.5.20]
(If author is not known):
Name of Government. Name of Agency.
Title of Publication
. City of Publication: Publisher, Year. Publication Medium.
Example:
Michigan State. Department of Consumer & Industry.
Unemployment Agency 1999 Annual Report
. Lansing: State of Michigan, 2000. Print.Slide28
Magazine Articles: [5.4.6]
Author
. "Title of Article."
Title of Magazine
Day Month Year: Page(s).
Publication Medium.
Example
:
Saporito
, Bill. “The e-Health Revolution.”
Time
27 June 2005: 55-57
. Print.
*NOTE
: Volume
and issue numbers
are omitted for magazines even if listed.Slide29
Newspaper Articles: [5.4.5]
Author
. "Title of Article."
Name of Newspaper
[City] Day Month Year, edition: Page(s).
Publication Medium.
Example:
Royse, David. “Dennis a Menace but not an Ivan.”
Kalamazoo Gazette
11 July 2005: A3
. Print.
Omit any articles, such as
The
, in newspaper titles-except international newspapers (
Le Monde
)
If name of city is in the paper’s or the paper is nationally published (e.g.
Wall Street Journal
), omit city name
Volume and issue numbers are not listedSlide30
Internet Sources
A URL is no longer required for internet sources as they often change and can be very long.
When to include the URL…
If your reader will have trouble finding your article through search engines alone
If your instructor requires itSlide31
Work Cited Only on the Web (
Nonperiodicals
) [5.6.2]:
Author. "Title of Work."
Title of Web Site.
Version or Edition Used. Publisher or Sponsor of Site, Day Month Year of Publication. Publication Medium. Day Month Year of Access.
Example
:
Quade
, Alex. “Elite Team Rescues Troops behind Enemy Lines.”
CNN.com
. Cable News Network, 19 Mar. 2007. Web. 15 May 2008.
*NOTE: Italicize Title of Work if independent, use quotation marks if part of a larger work.Slide32
Work Cited On the Web
with Print Publication Data
[5.6.2]:
Follow print publication guidelines
In place of original medium of publication, add the following:
Title of database or Web site (italicized)
Medium of publication consulted (Web)
Date of access (day, month, and year)
*See next slide for one exampleSlide33
Work Cited On the Web
with Print Publication Data [5.6.2]
Example (Based on a Book):
Bierce, Ambrose. “Academy.”
The Devil’s Dictionary. The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce
. Vol. 7. New York: Neale, 1911. N.
pag
.
The Ambrose Bierce Project
. Web. 15 May 2008.
NOTE: Your citation may vary according to the original print publication your work is based upon.Slide34
Scholarly Journal
Published Exclusively on the Web [5.6.3]
Author(s). “Title of Article.”
Name of Periodical
Volume Number. Issue Number (Year): Page Numbers. Medium of Publication. Day Month Year of Access.
Shah,
Parilah
Mohd
, and
Fauziah
Ahmad. “A
Comparitive
Account of the Bilingual Education Programs in Malaysia and the United States.”
GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies 7.2 (2007): 63-77. Web. 5 June 2008.Slide35
Periodical Publications in an
Online Database
Follow requirements for the print publication (See slides 9, 10, and 11), then add the following in place of original medium of publication:
Title of database(italicized)
Medium of publication consulted (Web)
Date of access (day, month, and year)
*See next slide for exampleSlide36
Periodical Publications in an
Online Database [5.6.4]
Author. “Title of Article.”
Name of Periodical
Day Month Year: Page(s).
Title of Database
. Publication Medium. Day Month Year of Access.
Example (Magazine Article on Database):
Wallis, Claudia. “Crisis? I’ll Take Mine to Go.”
Time
16 May 2005: N.
pag
.
ProQuest. Web. 27 June 2011.
NOTE: Your citation may vary according to the original print publication your work is based upon.Slide37
Works Cited
Lipson
, Charles.
Doing Honest Work in College
. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 2004
. Print.
MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers
. 7
th
ed. New York: Modern Language
Association of
America, 2009. Print.