An Introduction A lesson in Amharic How are you mf Indemin neh nesh Fine Dehna 1 And 2 Hoolet 3 Sost httpenwikipediaorgwikiAmhariclanguage Opening Discussion Points ID: 269648
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Slide1
Translations
An IntroductionSlide2
A lesson in Amharic…..
How are you (m/f)?
Indemin
neh
/nesh?
Fine
Dehna
1 And
2
Hoolet
3
Sost
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amharic_languageSlide3
Opening Discussion Points
Why
is language important?
How is language linked to
identity, culture, heritage, power and
equality?
Is it important to teach Maori in schools? Why? Why not?
Which
civilisations have lost their language?
What
impact has this had on these civilisations?
What factors are threatening these less spoken languages?Slide4
The Irish Language
www.youtube.com/watch?v=l_07-ApFV0w&feature=related
Donegal
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rfJk1f0FS5M
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MGMkVae3N0U&feature=relatedSlide5
Historical and Contextual Research
Research
and feedback on:
Hedge
schools and National Schools
The Irish Language and
Gaeltacht
English authority in Ireland and Penal
laws
(1704 onwards)
Religion in Ireland (Catholics and Protestants and the difference)
Key events in Ireland from 1770s to
1833 (including Daniel O’Connell)
Ordinance Survey (1824-41)
and The Great Famine (1841-49)
The struggle for independence and the Anglo-Irish Treaty (1870s-1921)
The ‘troubles’ in Northern Ireland
in 1950 to
1980s
Brian
Friel
– early life, political beliefs, related work e.g. ‘Making History’Slide6
Main features of a play
:
Direct
speech
Lack of narrative
Stage directions
Characters
Themes
Language devices
Structure
Setting
Dramatic devices: symbolism; dramatic irony; different types of conflict: internal, between individuals, between societies, between countries; dramatic contrast; music; lighting; imagery; foreshadowingSlide7
Key Themes
Language, Communication and Translation
Education
Love
Identity
Community
Family
Oppression by the English
Influence of the Greeks – language, mythology and dramaSlide8
What if we ALL spoke English? Would this be the solution to miscommunication and cultural misunderstanding?
Why or why not
?
GENRE:
Why does
Friel
choose this genre? Consider the features of a play – lack of description / narrative, inclusion of stage directions and speech.Slide9
CONTEXT: Opening of Play
Annotate the opening stage directions.
How
effectively does
Friel
convey a
sense of place
using the
stage settings
for Act 1
? What do you notice about the historical and social settings? What context is given to audiences?
What is a ‘
hedge-school
’? Why was a hedge-school illegal? How coul
d education undermine political intentions?Slide10
Stage directions in Act 1
“..disused barn or hay-shed or byre’. What is the function of the three part list (triple sting)here?
The English thought of the Irish as animals. Also, the barn is ‘disused’ showing the decline in agriculture. The students at this school are from a farming background, so education is both voluntary and illegal
.
“..wooden posts and chains” are used to tether animals.
Link with the way the English tether the Irish by forcing them to be educated in the new schools where lessons will be taught in English. Irish schools are forced underground, along with their language and agriculture
.
“..a wooden stairway without a banister..” Look at the way the schoolmaster and his son live with the animals, reinforcing the link with the British stereotype of the Irish being like animals
.
The lack of a banister is dangerous. This may lead to a discussion of Manus’s lameness and Hugh’s drinking. Look at these symbolically.
Friel
has handicapped his Irish educators physically and mentally. Why?
“..lobster pots..” Discuss the
significane
of these and their association with catching fish.
Friel
tells the audience of the proximity of water which may be linked with the Donnelly twins, who are ‘fish’ the English would like to catch!Slide11
Stage directions in Act 1
“..a pail of water and a soiled towel..”
Tell the audience that students at this hedge school come straight from the fields and need to wash before their lessons
.
There is no evidence of a “woman’s hand” in the school.
Friel
is emphasising the sterility of Manus and Hugh’s lives as well as the lack of agricultural productivity. He uses detail to let the audience know the Irish are doomed to failure. Their future is English.
Friel
is Irish and has chosen the Irish perspective for his play.
The audience see the action from the setting of the hedge school. Discuss the significance of this perspective.
The first characters who are introduced to the audience are Sarah and Manus
.
Discuss his lameness and her lack of speech. Why does
Friel
introduce these two young, disabled characters first? What does it say about Ireland’s future? What significance is there in having a dumb character? What is
Friel
telling his audience about the power of speech?Slide12
Stage directions in Act 1
Friel
places Manus physically below Sarah who is ‘sitting on a low stool’.
Why does he do this?
What is
Friel’s
message about identity when he describes Sarah who “..could be any age from seventeen to thirty-five”.
Why does Sarah seem so unconcerned about her appearance?
Jimmy Jack Cassie is introduced next
.
His study of ‘dead’ languages needs to be discussed, as well as his age, the ironic reference to him as the ‘Infant Prodigy’ and the fact that he is unmarried
.
Organise your notes under the main themes of the play which
Friel
introduces via stage direction:
place, character description, language, education, genre
.
Answer the following essay question:
How effectively does
Friel
convey a sense of place using the stage settings for Act 1?