Biology 11 KINGDOM PLANTAE Vascular Plants Phylum Tracheophyta NonVascular Plants Terrestrial Bryophytes Aquatic Algae Phyla Bryophyta Hepatophyta Antherocerophyta Phyla Chlorophyta ID: 290849
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Slide1
Ferns
Biology 11Slide2Slide3
KINGDOM PLANTAE
Vascular Plants
Phylum Tracheophyta
Non-Vascular Plants
Terrestrial:
Bryophytes
Aquatic:
Algae
Phyla
:
Bryophyta
Hepatophyta
Antherocerophyta
Phyla:ChlorophytaRhodophytaPhaeophyta
Seeds
No Seeds
Ferns
Sub Phylum
:
Lycophyta (club & spike moss) Sphenophyta (equisitem) Pterophyta (ferns)Slide4
Sub Phylum Pterophyta (Ferns)Slide5
FernsStill tied to the water Reproduction (for sperm to swim)
New Advances?
Sporophyte the dominant stage
Both
the gametophyte
and
sporophyte are photosynthetic and can live independently.Vascular system (xylem and phloem): can grow bigger
Roots, stems, and leavesSlide6
Basic Structure of a FernLeafy part of fern is called frondSorus: clusters of sporangiaSlide7
Rhizome: modified stemRoots: develop from the rhizomeSlide8
Adaptations for Survival
W
ithout
W
ater
Vascular Tissue
Tubes that carry water and nutrients around plant
2 typesXylem: transport water from roots to rest of the plantPhloem: transports sugar from fronds to rest of plantSlide9
2. Tracheid CellsCells that make up xylem tissue (to be discussed in more detail later)Provides structural support so leaves can be held up to sun for photosynthesis Slide10
Adaptations for Survival Without Water3. Leaves with Waxy cuticleWaterproof coating to help prevent water loss (evaporation from leaves)
4. True roots grow from rhizome
Take in waterSlide11Slide12
Reproduction
Alternation of generations
Dominant generation: sporophyte
Water still required for sexual reproductionSlide13
Haploid spore production takes place on the underside of the front Spores are produced in sporangium Clusters of sporangium make up sori (seen as spots on the bottom of a frond)Slide14
Spores released from
sorus
carried by wind or water
Germinate into haploid gametophytes
Green, heart shaped tiny structure called
prothalliumSlide15
Antheridia and archegonia found on underside of
prothallium
and produce sperm and egg
Sperm swim to egg in archegonia for fertilization to occur
Zygote develops into sporophyteSlide16Slide17