PPT-Language Evolution and Linguistic Fossils:

How Humans Spoke at the Dawn of Language and Why our Grammars still Preserve Fossils of such Speech WSU Humanities Center 91713 Ljiljana Progovac progovacwayneedu Acknowledgements. Cornell Notes pg. 137. What is a Fossil?. Preserved remains or traces of plants, animals, and other organisms.. Types of Fossils:. mold fossils.  (an impression made in the rock- like a footprint in sand). Normative Political Theory. Huw Lewis . Introduction. Normative political theory and cultural diversity.. Recent literature has focused on the issue of linguistic diversity.. Key question: . On what grounds . Remains . of once living organisms.. Form from decay and are buried by sediment.. Sediment hardens into rock and preserves the shape of the organisms.. Fossils. Fossils . Remains. Molds. . Casts. . The . unweathered. rock that lies below the lowest layer of soil. Depostion. Bedrock. delta. The decayed remains of plants and animals. a. delta. b. soil. c. humus. A large mass of deposited sediments at the mouth of a river. Overview of Linguistic Tools. Dictionaries. Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (. LIWC. ). Whissell’s Dictionary of Affective Language. WordNet. Parts of Speech Taggers (POS). Brown Corpus. Stanford POS. “Evidence for Evolution”. We will look at major evidence supporting theories of evolution:. Fossil Record . Comparative Anatomy . Biogeography . Biochemistry. Evidence Supporting Theories of Evolution . Organism DNA. 1a. Some of the strongest evidence for evolutionary relationships comes from studying the DNA of different organisms.. 1b. The fact that all organisms use the same DNA molecule to code for genetic information suggests that these organisms share a distant ancestor.. Evolution. Evolution. Evolution as an Idea…. Aristotle . Living things are . “Immutable”. Buffon (1707-1788). Observed anatomical features that seemed to serve no purpose and wondered why they existed.. Biochemistry. Evidence for Evolution. Darwin Predicted:. Because new species form from existing species, there should be intermediate stages found in the fossil record.. Fossils. Evolution determines . Fossils have helped determine approximately when life first appeared, when plants and animals arrived on land, and when organisms became extinct.. CONDITIONS NEEDED FOR FOSSIL FORMATION. Whether or not a dead organism becomes a fossil depends upon how well it is protected from scavengers and agents of physical destruction, such as waves and currents.. Geologic Time and Evolution Earth Has a History Geologic materials record enormous changes. Earth is a complex, evolving system. Physical and biological systems continuously interact. Earth constantly changes and has done so through time. typology. Linguistic typology.  (or . language typology. ) is a field of . linguistics.  that studies and classifies languages according to their structural and functional features. Its aim is to describe and explain the common properties and the structural diversity of the world's languages.. Language Is…. … an organism.. … a tool.. Linguistic Purism – Definitions. “Linguistic purism . or linguistic protectionism is the practice of defining or recognizing one variety of a language as being purer or of intrinsically higher quality than other varieties.” . BSc 4. th. Semester (Open Elective). Fundamentals . of Geology (BOE). OPEN ELECTIVE COURSE (OTHER THAN GEOLOGY MAIN STUDENTS. ). Dr Abdullah Khan. Associate . Professor . Department of Geology. AMU.