Jesus born Mary and Joseph Bethlehem age 30 began preachingteaching Lord Liar Lunatic used parables short stories with simple moral lessons DAY 1 NOTES Life and teachings of Jesus Christ becomes the ID: 581415
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Slide1
RISE OF CHRISTIANITY
Jesus born - Mary and JosephBethlehemage 30 began preaching/teaching”Lord, Liar, Lunatic”used parablesshort stories with simple moral lessons
DAY 1 NOTESSlide2
Life and teachings of Jesus Christ becomes the New Testament
Teachings found in the Gospels (“Good News”)Matthew, Mark, Luke, JohnTeaching based on Jewish Law, but taught followers to live “Ethically” not just to observe the laws Jesus was God’s sonJesus taught of God’s Love, Mercy, and Forgiveness“Golden Rule”Jesus taught of eternal life in Heaven for those that repent of their sins
TEACHINGS OF JESUSSlide3
TEACHINGS OF JESUS
“Sermon on the Mount”Moral and ethical teachings of Christianity“Beatitudes”“Lord’s Prayer”became the value system for western civilizationSlide4
ROMANS DISLIKE OF CHRISTIANITY
1) Did not worship Roman Emperor as a god2) Did not worship Roman gods3) Secret meetingsRoman gods were punishing the empire for Christian impietySlide5
CRUCIFIXION OF JESUS
KEY PLAYERSPhariseesFeared growing popularity of JesusJudas IscariotGarden of GethsemaneCaiphasHigh Priest
Pontius Pilate
Roman
Governor allowed
Jesus to be
crucified
REASONS FOR CRUCIFYING CHRIST
1)
BLASPHEMY
2)
PLOTTING TO BECOME KING
3)
FEAR OF INCITING REVOLTSlide6
RESURRECTION OF JESUS
RESURRECTION is the CENTRAL focus of ChristianityJesus arose 3 days laterEASTERbelievers in the Resurrection of Jesus
Christians
Jesus
=
MESSIAHSlide7
THE 12 APOSTLESSlide8
MARTYRDOM OF PETER
Peter traveled to Rome and was crucified upside down by NeroBelieved to be the first “Bishop” or Pope of the Christian ChurchToday all Popes are believed to be descendants of St. Peter“Petrine Doctrine”Apostolic SuccessionRise of “Catholic Christian”Catholic = “Universal”Slide9
Saul = “HATER” to Paul “LOVER”
persecuted followers of Jesus“Public Enemy #1”blinded by God on road to Damascus – Jesus asked “why are you persecuting me?”becomes known as PaulPaul was a Roman citizen which meant he could travel freely throughout the empireSpread to GentilesSlide10
WAYS THE ROMAN EMPIRE HELPED CHRISTIANITY GROW
Security of the Roman Empire allowed citizens (and ideas) to freely move aroundCommon Language of Greek throughout Empire (Alexander the Great)Road System throughout the empireFatalism of Roman ReligionWhen you die there is nothing elseHope of ChristianityBelief in an afterlifePersecution
of Christians
“
blood of the martyrs is the seed of Christianity
”Slide11
APPEAL OF CHRISTIANITY
Passion of spreading ChristianityThe idea that man was a sinner and could gain eternal life through faith was revolutionaryChristianity’s Visible LoveJulian the Apostate (ironically followed Constantine)Pagan emperor – wanted to end Christianity“Christianity has been specifically advanced thru the loving treatment rendered to strangers…there is not a single Jew who is a beggar…they care not only for their poor, but ours as well.”Slide12
3.Universal offer of Salvation
anyone could believetaught a simple message“God’s Son became a man and died on the cross and rose and by faith you could trust him and be forgiven”4.Offered answers to a crumbling EmpireRome’s gods were too little – could not answer questionsDignity of manHow to get rid of sinCould not show you a moral base of righteousness – gave no absolute sense of right and wrong – Christianity did5.Persecution / Martyrs10 emperors – illegal to be Christian or own BibleAPPEAL OF CHRISTIANITYSlide13
5.Persecution/Martyrs cont.Would not worship Roman godsConsidered atheists
Famine, pestilence, natural disasterNot worship Roman EmperorDuring “Pax Romana” – to keep blessing on Rome you would provide sacrifice to Goddess of Rome, Roma – a pinch of incense and proclaim “curia caesar” – “CAESAR IS LORD”Not attend gladiator gamesNot go to hospitals – dedicated to Roman god of healing, AesculapiusAPPEAL OF CHRISTIANITYSlide14
5.Persecution/Martyrs cont.Conspiracy – early morning meetingsCannibalism – Communion
Christians were not persecuted because they worshipped Christ, they were punished because they worshippedONLY ChristAPPEAL OF CHRISTIANITYSlide15
CHRISTIAN PERSECUTION
64 NeroFirePeter / Paul98 Trajanmade it policy to not seek out Christians, but if someone was reported to be a Christian, they could recant, be punished, or on 3rd denial, killedSlide16
117 Hadrian // 139 Antonius Piusupheld policy towards Christians, but did not consent to persecution
161 Marcus Aureliusspy system against Christiansaccuser would receive Christian propertypersecution spreadCHRISTIAN PERSECUTIONSlide17
253-303 – General drop in persecutions
303 DIOCLETIANre-instituted persecutionsstabilize government by getting rid of faiths opposed to Roman state religionattempted to end Christianity311 GALERIUSrealized persecutions were only making Christianity strongerissued Edict of Toleration312 30k Christians in Rome
CHRISTIAN PERSECUTIONSlide18
CHRISTIANITY BECOMES
ONLY RELIGION in ROMAN EMPIRE Constantine becomes 1st Christian EmperorBattle of Milvian Bridge“in this sign conquer”Edict of Milan
Constantine granted:
1) tax exemptions to church leaders
2) abolished crucifixion/gladiator games as capital punishment
3) established Sunday as a holiday
4) allowed Christians to meet in Churches no longer in catacombsSlide19
CHRISTIANITY BECOMES
ONLY RELIGION in ROMAN EMPIRE380 Theodosius makes Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire476 Western Roman Empire fallsChristian Church will become the main uniting and stabilizing force in Western Europe