Thinking about International Relations and Middle Earth 1 2 A basic dilemma of IR theory Order v Justice Order is important within the state 3 and within the international system ID: 318067
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Slide1
Chapter 2Thinking about International Relations and Middle Earth
1Slide2
2A basic dilemma of IR theory
Order
v.
JusticeSlide3
Order is important within the state, 3 and within the international system.Slide4
What are the issues important for domestic order?4Slide5
What are the issues important for international order?5Slide6
What issues of justicemust be addressed to make the world a better place?6
Human Rights
Environment
Security
Technology
Inequality
Globalization
Population,
Health
Women, Children, MinoritiesSlide7
Mile’s LawWhere you stand depends on where you sit7Slide8
How do we think about International Relations?8ParadigmsAnalytical FrameworksSlide9
Levels of Analysis9International SystemState
Individual
International level
is most aggregated
States are the principle units of world politics
At individual level,
decision-making
is the focusSlide10
Paradigms1. involve assumptions about the nature or Order of the world, how knowledge is obtained.2. contain assumptions about what the world SHOULD be or its Justice10Slide11
Problem-solving paradigms concentrate on why the world is the way it is.11Slide12
Critical paradigms concentrate on what the world should beand how to get there.12Slide13
Different types of theory have different aims13Explanatory or problem-solving
Critical of particular
social arrangements or outcomes
Concentrates on
perceptions, ideas and beliefsSlide14
Is objectivity possible?
Can researchers
no
t
be influenced by personal opinions or prejudices?
14Slide15
How do we evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the various approaches?15Slide16
Introducing the Two Oldest (Problem-solving) IR Paradigms16There is a major debate in IR about how to view the world: Realism Vs. LiberalismSlide17
CLASSICAL REALISMHuman nature is inherently flawed17
CLASSICAL LIBERALISMSlide18
CLASSICAL REALISMHuman nature is inherently flawed18
Conflict is the normal state of the world
CLASSICAL LIBERALISMSlide19
Conflict is inevitable in a world of limited resources.19If two or more states want the same thing
at the same time,
conflict is likely.
Realism tends to be pessimistic about the world of IR, expecting continual conflicts over the struggle for powerSlide20
CLASSICAL REALISMHuman nature is inherently flawed20
States are the primary actors in the
international
system
Conflict is the normal state of the world
CLASSICAL LIBERALISMSlide21
State security is most importantStates are self-interested, power-seeking rational actorsStates seek to maximize there security and chances of survival
21Slide22
CLASSICAL REALISMHuman nature is inherently flawed22
Conflict is the normal state of the world
Human nature may be flawed, but people are inherently good
States are the primary actors in the
international
system
CLASSICAL LIBERALISMSlide23
If we understand each other, the possibility of conflict lessens.There are many examples of human communities working together to circumvent
violence and conflict.
23Slide24
CLASSICAL REALISMHuman nature is inherently flawed24
Human nature may be flawed, but people are inherently good
Conflict is not the norm, but an aberration
Conflict is the normal state of the world
States are the primary actors in the
international
system
CLASSICAL LIBERALISMSlide25
CLASSICAL REALISMHuman nature is inherently flawed25
Human nature may be flawed, but people are inherently good
Conflict is not the norm, but an aberration
NGO’s
& other non-state actors play a significant role in the international system
Conflict is the normal state of the world
States are the primary actors in the
international
system
CLASSICAL LIBERALISM