PPT-Class #4: Stability, cloud development, and precipitation

Chapters 6 and 7 1 Class 4 Monday July 12 2010 Stability amp Cloud development Chapter 6 2 Class 4 Monday July 12 2010 Fig 6CO p 140 Fig 61 p 142 Importance of Clouds Release heat to atmosphere. Cloud Naming. Prefix indicates height. Cirro. .  high, 5-13 km. Alto  middle, 2-5 km. (none)  low, 0-2 km. Name for appearance. Cirrus .  wispy strands. Stratus  layered, uniform. Cumulus puffy with vertical structure. Robert Wood, University of Washington. w. ith Ryan Eastman, Daniel McCoy, Daniel Grosvenor (University of Washington); Matt . Lebsock. (JPL). “Background” (minimum imposed) cloud droplet concentration influences aerosol indirect effects. "Rain Drops Keep Falling on my Head" B.J. Thompson (1969). INTRODUCTION. How much rain do you get in your area?. How about snow?. This amount varies around the world. . For example, people living in Spokane, Washington get much more rain than those in Phoenix, Arizona.. ACE is presently in pre-formulation and will be realized in some form in the early to mid . ’. 20s. . ACE is a response to the . The extreme sensitivity of the climate system to hydrological processes especially clouds and precipitation. . Photograph: Tony Clarke, VOCALS . REx. flight RF07. Robert Wood. University of Washington. with Rhea George, Chris . Terai. , Dave Leon, Jeff Snider. or. . Control of cloud droplet concentration in marine stratocumulus clouds. “continental” – polluted, aerosol laden. “maritime” – clean, pristine. Polluted concentrations are 1-2 orders of magnitude greater than clean maritime. Preindustrial continental was only up to 2 times greater than maritime. Water vapor, droplets of water suspended in the air, builds up in the Earth's atmosphere. . Water vapor in the atmosphere is visible as clouds and fog. . Water vapor collects with other materials, such as dust, in clouds. Precipitation condenses, or forms, around these tiny pieces of material, called cloud condensation nuclei (CCN).. Chapter 7. Weather and Climate. Objectives. Explore how the water cycle drives weather.. Discuss the conditions that favor thunderstorms and tornadoes.. Main Idea. Water vapor and changes in temperature are important factors in cloud formation and in precipitation.. Two Methods. Which isotopes?. Binding Energy. What holds an atom together?. Forces of Nature and Atomic Structure:. Band (Island) of Stability. N/Z ratio. Number of stable isotopes. Isotope trends among the elements:. Tang, S., P. . Gleckler. , S. . Xie. , J. Lee, C. Covey, C. Zhang, M.-S. . Ahn. , 2021: Evaluating Diurnal and Semi-Diurnal Cycle of Precipitation in CMIP6 Models Using Satellite- and Ground-Based Observations. . about 1000 m/48 hrs. Thus, they usually evaporate quickly upon leaving the cloud mass. . For it to fall as a raindrop the cloud droplet must get bigger. One raindrop = about 1 million cloud droplets, . Guest lecture by Prof. Kathleen . Schiro. 12 October 2020. Cloud Droplet Formation. Review of how condensation occurs. Curvature effect. Cloud condensation nuclei. Solute effect. 3.3 x 10. 5 . J/kg. 2.5 x 10. Gabriele Rau, . Martin Piringer. Outline. Motivation. Stability. . classes. . from. human . cloud. . cover. . observations. Stability. . classes. . from. . ceilometer. . using. . cloud. . base. . crystals.. Is is simply a matter of the water droplets combining to form raindrops?. Answer: No, Cloud droplets are TINY! It would take thousands of them happening to combine to form a single raindrop..