CONTENTS SENSORY INTEGRATION AND SENSORY INTEGRATION DYSFUNCTION...... - PDF document

CONTENTS SENSORY INTEGRATION AND SENSORY INTEGRATION DYSFUNCTION......................................................1E SENSE.............................................................................................................................................2The Protective/Defensive System........................................................................................................................2The Discriminative System...................................................................................................................................2The Out of Sync Tactile Sense............................................................................................................................3AR SENSE......................................................................................................................................4The Out of Sync Vestibular Sense.......................................................................................................................4THE PROPRIOCEPTIVE SENSE............................................................................................................................6The Out of Sync Proprioceptive Sense................................................................................................................6ED WITH SENSORY INTEGRATION DYSFUNCTION.............................8ASSOCIATED PROBLEMS...................................................................................................................................10........................10on Difficulties...........................................................................................................................10Vision Problems.................................................................................................................................................10oblems.................................................................................................................................................10Digestion and Elimoblems..................................................................................................................10Problems with Sleep Regulation........................................................................................................................11Allergies..............................................................................................................................................................11CHARACTERISTICS OF TACTILE DYSFUNCTION............................................................................................12CHARACTERISTICS OF VESTIBNCTION.....................................................................................1CHARACTERISTICS OF PROPRIOCEPTIVE DYSFUNCTION...........................................................................22SORY DIET.............................................................................................................................24 SENSORY INTEGRATION AND SENSORYSensory Integration is the neurological process of organisystem, which consists of countless neurons, a spinal cord, and - at the "head" - a brain. main tasksensory processing machine is the ability to control one's activity one's emotional, mental or physical responses to sensations. It is groundwork for healthy development. Sensory Integration DysfunctionSensory Integration DisorderSensory Integrative Disorder for Sensory integration dysfuncDysfunction happens in the central nervous system, atganize and connect - or integrate - sensory and organize what he needs to do. Thus, he may not learn easily. is very strong. Because a person with Sensory Integration pects of his behaviour are disorganized. His overall development is disorderly. Behaviour problems It develops as neurological maturation suppresses the defensive system (the defensive system diminishes but doesn't disappear. In so we can interpret tactile information The receptors for this system are in the skin, especially on the hands and fingers, the soles of The Out of Sync Tactile Sense tactile defensiveness, the tendency to react negatively and emotionally to unexpected, light touch sensations. The person will react not sensations to be uncomfortable or scary, he an individual has a tactile r asking for hugs and back rubs. He is always touching everything, and he usually carries something in his hands. How can you say he has ds or seeks. A person may typically avoid unexpected, light touch, but ahands over furniture and walls, and handling ends to under-react to tactile experiences. Needing extra stimulation, he responsive to touch, whether tUnlike the hypersensitive person, who over-rhe may he unaware of touch altogether, unlhypersensitive. For instance, he may jump when someone grazes his elbow, yet be nefficient at integrating information about he may be oversensitive to movement, or table. She may be awkward, uncoordinated, and clften, tripping on air As eye movements are influenced by the vestiShe may have inadequate gaze stability and objects that stay still while she moves. At school, she may have become confused when if she didn't develop brain functions imperative for coordinating left-to-right eye movements. ct. The out-of-sync person, however, can't always calm herself because her brain can't mour, attention, and emotions. em may have one or more problems with the a) Be hypersensitive to movement and have - Intolerance to movement and/or - Gravitational insecurity, or b) Be hyposensitive to movement, with in , motor planning is very challengingstreet, getting into or outt. He may exert too much or ing items and pencil points. He may spill the Because of poor body awareness, the person needs to use his eyes to see what his body is doing. Ordinary tasks, like orienting his body toent on the other side. The person may be fearful when moving in space because he lacks postural stability. Difficulty making transitions from one situation to another routine will upset . Struggling to accomplish tasks that peers do easily, the person may give up quickly. He may be a perfectionist and become upset when art or aroused. The person may perform unevenly: ". The person may have difficulty leand be disorganized, inflexible, and irratelling symptoms of poor sensory control. 11Problems with Sleep Regulation sleep, or may constantly awaken during the can exacerbate Sleep problems are often associated with a hi levels may fluctuate erratically and she uncomfortable in bed. ss, fur, or medicines. whom it affects. We know autism, pervasive developmental institutionalization in orphanages. It frequently co-exists in individuals with learning disabilities and/or attention deficits. For all these indivioccupational therapy has an overall, positive effect. 13- Prefer long sleeves and pants and insist on wto avoid having his skin exposed. - Dislike being touched on the face or head, such as having his face washed. - Dislike baths, or insist that bat- Dislike having his fingernails trimmed. - Avoid messy play, such as sand, - Be unusually fastidious, hurrying to wa- Avoid walking barefoot on grass or sand, or wading in water. - Walk on tiptoe to minimize contact with the ground. - Be excessively ticklish. - Avoid giving kisses. - Resist brushing his teeth and st- Be a picky eater, preferring certain textures such as crispy or mushy food. The person as well as sticky foods like rice and cake icing. - Refuse to eat hot or cold foods. - Show "fight or flight" response to hair displacement, such as having his hair brushed or - React negatively when hairs on his body (aility, aggression, or anxiety. - Withdraw from a group and re- Treat pets roughly, or avoid pets. - Arm himself at all times with a stick, rope, or other hand-held weapon. - Stand still or move against the traffic in group activities such as obstacle courses or movement games, keeping const- Rationalize verbally, in socially acceptable terms, why lie avoids touch sensations; "I'm 15- Prefer extra-spicy or excessively sweet foods. - Use his mouth to investigate objects (t- Have trouble perceiving the physical properties - Be unable to identify familiar objects solely through touch, needing the additional help - Prefer standing to sitting, in order to ensure visual control of his surroundings. poor body awareness- Not know where his body parts are or how they relate to one another. - Have trouble orienting his arms and - Withdraw from movement experiepoor motor planning (dyspraxia) may: - Have trouble conceiving of, organizing, well as familiar acti- Have poor self-help skills and not be a "self-starter," requiring another person's help to - Have poor gross motor skills for running, climbing, and jumping. - Have poor fine motor control of his fingers for precise manual tasks, of his toes for tripping sandals or walking barefoot, and of- Be a messy eater. - Have poor eye-hand coordination. - Be unable to interpret how objects feel just by looking at them. - Have trouble comparing and contrasting similar objects. 17CHARACTERISTICS OF VESTIBULAR DYSFUNCTION em may have one or more problems with the 1. Be hypersensitive to movement and have: a) Intolerance to movement and/or b) Gravitational insecurity, or 2. Be hyposensitive to movement, with inhypersensitive- Dislike playground activities such as swinging, spinning, and sliding. - Be cautious, slow moving, and sedentary, hesitating to take risks. - Appear to be a "sissy." - Seem wilful and uncooperative. - Be very uncomfortable in elevators and on escalators, perhaps experiencing car or - Demand continual physical sgravitational insecurity- Have a great fear of falling,- Be fearful of heights, even slightly rais- Become anxious when her feet leave t- Be fearful of climbing or descending st- Feel threatened when her head is inverted, upshead shampooed over the sink. - Be fearful when someone moves her. - For self-protection, try to mani 19- Have a tight, tense grasp on objects (to compensate for looseness). - Have problems with digestion and eliminatio- Fatigue easily during physical activities or family outings. - Be unable to catch herself from falling. bilateral coordination- Not have crawled or crept as a baby. - Have poor body awareness. - Have poor gross motor skills and frequently - Have poor fine motor skills and difficulty usi- Have difficulty making both feet or both hands- Have difficulty using one foot to assist - Have trouble using both hands in a smooth,- Not have an established hand preference by use either hand for writing and drawing, or - Avoid crossing the midline. The person ma- Have a hard time with organizatiauditory-language processing may: - Seem unaware of the source of sounds and may look all around to locate where they come from. - Have trouble identifying voices of di 21- Have difficulty with fine motor tasks involving spatial relationships, such as fitting pieces into jigsaw puzzles and cutting along lines. - Orient drawings poorly on a page - Misjudge spatial relationships of objects - Confuse right and left, have a poor sense - Not understand concepts such as up/down,- Be uncomfortable or overwhelme- Fatigue easily during written work. - Withdraw from participation in group actimotor planning- Have difficulty conceptualizing, organizi- Be unable to generalize what she has alremotionally insecure- Get easily frustrated and give up easily. - Be reluctant to try new activities. - Have a low tolerance for pot- Have low self-esteem. - Be irritable in others' company, and avoid or withdraw from people. - Have difficulty making friends and relating to peers. 23- Produce messy written work, oft- Frequently break delicate objects and seem- Break items that require simp- Pick up an object with more force than necessary- Pick up an object with less force than necessary- Have difficulty lifting or holding objects ifunderstand the concepts of "heavy" and "light." - Have poor posture. - Lean his head on his hands when he works at a desk. - Slump in a chair, over a tabl- Sit on the edge of the chair and keep one foot on the floor for extra stability. - Be unable to keep his balance while standing on one foot. - Avoid participation in ordinary movement experiences, because they make him feel - Become rigid, sticking to the activities that he has mastered and resisting new physical challenges. - Lacks self-confidence, saying "I can't do that." even before trying. - Become timid in unfamiliar situations.