Treatment of Elders Elders who rule well worthy of double honor Elders Gk Presbuteroi older men but context indicates this is in an official sense Rule Gk Proistemi Be over superintend preside over ID: 537992
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Slide1
I Timothy 5:17-20Treatment of Elders
Elders who rule well worthy of double honor
Elders: Gk.
Presbuteroi
, older men, but context indicates this is in an official
sense.
Rule: Gk.
Proistemi
. Be over, superintend, preside over.
Honor: a valuing, connected with a price paid, preciousness, price, sum
The
idea of honor used here includes the prospect of financial support.
This
idea is further developed in vs. 18.Slide2
I Timothy 5:17-20Treatment of Elders
Especially those who labor in word and doctrine (NASB preaching and teaching)
Labor: Gk.
Kopiao
. Grow weary, tired, exhausted, to toil.
Doctrine: Gk.
Didaskalia
. Implies the act of teaching.
“Especially those…..” emphasizes that some Elders may spend more time teaching and preaching. Thus, some may serve as preachers.Slide3
I Timothy 5:17-20Treatment of Elders
“Do not
muzzle the ox while he is threshing”
Quote from Deut 25:4. Provided a sense of fairness to the working animal by allowing
it
to eat as
it
worked
. Quoted
by Paul in 1 Corinthians 9:9-14 and applied to preachers to show they can be financially supported from the gospel
.Slide4
I Timothy 5:17-20Treatment of Elders
“The laborer is worthy of his wages”
Used by Jesus in Matthew 10:10 and Luke 10:7 to the limited commission and sending of the seventy. Again shows that those who preach and do the special work of God are entitled to benefit materially
.Slide5
I Timothy 5:17-20Treatment of Elders
“The laborer is worthy of his wages”
Paul
quotes these passages (shows that Matthew or/and Luke were likely already written and familiar) and applies them in this context to Elders to further build the case for their financial support.
Consider 1 Peter 5:2
i
mplies
they might ordinarily receive financial compensation, but that should not be a motivation.Slide6
I Timothy 5:17-20Treatment of Elders
Accusations against Elders must be supported by two or three witnesses
This was a requirement of the Law of Moses. Deut 19:15.
Also required by Jesus in the case of sin between two people, when the offender would not repent after being privately confronted by the one offended. Matthew 18:15-16
.Slide7
I Timothy 5:17-20Treatment of Elders
Accusations against Elders must be supported by two or three witnesses
Principle
that required two witnesses for testimony was referenced by Jesus in John 5:31-32,
8:17,
b
y
Paul in 2 Corinthians 13:1. By the Hebrew writer in Hebrews 10:28.
So
principle
is in effect for all people,
especially in
the case of Elders who are accused, and might be more susceptible to
scrutiny
.Slide8
I Timothy 5:17-20Treatment of Elders
Elders who remain in sin are to be publicly rebuked, so others will be fearful of sinning.
This
implies that the requirements in vs. 19 have been met and properly established.
Followed by Paul against Peter in Gal. 2:11-14
.Slide9
I Timothy 5:17-20Treatment of Elders
Elders who
remain
in sin are to be publicly
rebuked, so others will be fearful of sinning.
The
public rebuke will serve as an example to others and provide a deterrent to sinning.
Keep in mind that Jesus’ instruction concerning sin between two brethren would still apply and would preclude public rebuke if the Elder repented.Slide10
I Timothy 5:21-23Personal Instructions to Timothy
I charge you before God,
Jesus &
Select Angels
.
Charge: Gk.
Diamarturomai
. Bear solemn witness, charge earnestly.
Elect Angels: Elect: Chosen of God. Angels: Messengers of God. Gk.
Angelos
is used in both a celestial (heavenly) or terrestrial (common man, earthly) sense. Context implies a heavenly, celestial sense.Slide11
I Timothy 5:21-23Personal Instructions to Timothy
Observe these things without prejudice, doing nothing from partiality.
Without prejudice: Gk.
Choris
prokrimatos
. Don’t prejudge without having all the facts.
Partiality: Gk.
Prosklisin
. Incline towards one.
Don’t allow a pre-judge a matter or individual without having all the facts and don’t allow personal feelings to prevent you from carrying out discipline as God intends.Slide12
I Timothy 5:21-23Personal Instructions to Timothy
Do not lay hands on anyone (too) hastily.
Laying on of hands was common way to signify the appointment of one to a position or function.
Acts 6:1-6. Appointment of men to serve widows.
Acts 8:14-17. Imparting of spiritual gifts by the Apostles
.Slide13
I Timothy 5:21-23Personal Instructions to Timothy
Do not lay hands on anyone (too) hastily.
Laying on of hands was common way to signify the appointment
…….
Acts
13:1-3: Selection by the Holy Spirit of Saul
and
Barnabas for work in preaching.
1 Timothy 4:14: Imparting of spiritual gift to Timothy by Elders.
Hebrews 6:2: Listed among the foundational, elementary principles of Christ. Slide14
I Timothy 5:21-23Personal Instructions to Timothy
Do not lay hands on anyone (too) hastily
.
Since “laying on a hands” conveyed an appointment, and the context is about Elders, the most
logical
explanation is that this refers to the need to exercise caution and carefulness in the selection of a man to this office.Slide15
I Timothy 5:21-22Personal Instructions to Timothy
Nor share in other people’s sins,
keep yourself
pure.
If by prejudice, partiality, or haste, Timothy (or anyone else)
was
to participate
in appointing
an unqualified, sinful man to be an Elder, he would share in his sin, and impact his own purity
.Slide16
I Timothy 5:23Personal Instructions to Timothy
No Longer Drink Only Water
Gk.
Meketi
hudropotei
. No longer drink water alone. Possibly means to mix wine with water.
Some
suggest
mixing wine with water
would
purify the water by killing bacteria, but there is not a
great deal of scientific
evidence to suggest that this
works.Slide17
I Timothy 5:23Personal Instructions to Timothy
But use a little
wine…
Wine
. Gk.
Oinos
. Broad term used to refer to fruit of the vine, ranging from fresh
grape juice
all the way up to fermented wine. Also included a non-alcoholic syrup that resulted from cooking down grape juice, that was later reconstituted with water, for a beverage.Slide18
I Timothy 5:23Personal Instructions to Timothy
For Your Stomach’s Sake and Frequent Infirmities
Prescribes the use of wine for a medicinal purpose.
Drinking contaminated water has long been known to be associated with stomach ailments and other sicknesses.Slide19
I Timothy 5:23Personal Instructions to Timothy
Fermented or Unfermented Wine?
Arguments supporting fermented:
“Don’t drink exclusively (or only) water” suggests that Timothy’s conscience didn’t permit him to use wine for any basis. Why would he avoid the use of plain or reconstituted grape juice??Slide20
I Timothy 5:23Personal Instructions to Timothy
Fermented or Unfermented Wine?
Arguments supporting fermented:
Paul says use a “little” wine. Why limit grape juice?
The term “wine” has already been used in this letter w/r/t qualifications for Elders and Deacons, with context indicating it was alcoholic.Slide21
I Timothy 5:23Personal Instructions to Timothy
Fermented or Unfermented?
Arguments supporting Unfermented:
Pliny (first century naturalist writer) describes a certain type of unfermented wine that resulted from the filtration of fresh grape juice that strained out the yeast products, thus preventing fermentation.Slide22
I Timothy 5:23Personal Instructions to Timothy
Fermented or Unfermented?
The terms
aduminon
and
adynamon
were used in ancient
sources
to describe unfermented,
wines
that were given to sick people.
Other secular sources reference a
unfermented “stomach
wine” prepared with water from a thick syrup, given as a medicine to people who were physically weak and had digestive problems. Slide23
I Timothy 5:23Personal Instructions to Timothy
Fermented or Unfermented?
But
even if we conclude this wine was fermented, this passage only authorizes its use as a medicine, and even
then,
limits
it to a “little” amount
.
Nothing in the passage indicates that it was to be used to induce an intoxicating
effect, but rather as a remedy for stomach and other ailments.Slide24
I Timothy 5:24-25
God’s Ultimate Judgment
The sins of some
are evident
, going before
judgment, for some their sins follow after
The sins of some are easily observed, while the sins of others will be revealed at the judgment. Ecclesiastes 12:14.
Hebrews 4:13.Slide25
I Timothy 5:24-25
God’s Ultimate Judgment
Likewise also, deeds that are good are quite evident,
and those
which are otherwise cannot be
concealed
A parallel to the previous passage. Just as the sins of some are evident, the good deeds of some are easily observed.
Both verses (24-25) may point back to the context of dealing with Elders.